1st International Conference on Teacher Education (INCTE)

Este livro contém as atas do 1.º Encontro Internacional de Formação na Docência (INCTE), realizado no Instituto Politécnico de Bragança em 4 e 5 de Março de 2016. Este volume inclui as atas do INCTE 2016, I Encontro Internacional de Formação para a Docência, que teve, como objetivos principais, (i) problematizar, no quadro do processo de Bolonha, as estruturas curriculares da formação de educadores e professores; (ii) debater propostas didáticas inovadoras no âmbito da formação para a docência; (iii) refletir sobre as práticas formativas nos diversos contextos; (iv) analisar o contributo da formação na dinamização das instituições; e (v) aprofundar a comunicação entre os diferentes intervenientes na formação numa perspetiva de educação para o desenvolvimento. Os trabalhos organizaram-se em torno de quatro eixos temáticos: (i) currículo e formação de educadores e professores; (ii) didática e formação de educadores e professores; (iii) práticas educativas e supervisão pedagógica; e (iv) formação docente e educação para o desenvolvimento. Este livro de atas inclui os textos ou resumos relacionados com as sessões plenárias - duas conferências plenárias e uma mesa redonda, bem como oitenta e sete textos finais relativos a comunicações orais e aceites após o processo de revisão por pares. O trabalho apresentado no INCTE 2016, vertido nestes textos, permite compreender que a formação de professores, assente num compromisso de cidadania, precisa de se centrar, não apenas nos professores e educadores enquanto agentes individuais, mas também nas escolas, nos alunos, nos modelos de formação e supervisão, nas famílias e nas sociedades, com as quais interatua. Realça ainda que a formação de professores e educadores implica um processo de construção colaborativa entre as escolas de formação, os agentes que têm responsabilidades na conceção e desenvolvimento dos diferentes currículos, os professores e educadores, mas também as crianças/alunos e as suas famílias. O INCTE 2016 foi um encontro de partilha e, sobretudo, de reflexão coletiva e situada, esperando que traga implicações positivas para o futuro. Embora estas atas reflitam sobre “aquilo” que já se discute há vários anos, elas revelam outros olhares, os olhares de quem experimentou, pensou e quis partilhar com todos o seu trabalho

5th International Conference on Teacher Education

O Encontro Internacional de Formação na Docência (INCTE) tem, para a sua quinta edição, seis objetivos que exigem aos seus participantes paixão, crítica racional e criatividade. A paixão dá o ânimo para a persistência na procura teórica e metodológica das melhores questões e das melhores respostas aos problemas. A crítica racional permite-nos o escrutínio apurado de todo o conhecimento e dos métodos utilizados. A criatividade leva-nos a colocar questões inesperadas e a percorrer caminhos diferentes. Os seis objetivos do V INCTE são desafios difíceis para a Educação e Formação, mas são necessários e têm o condão de questionarem o que se julga saber e a suposta correção da prática educativa. O V INCTE continuará a ser um tempo e um espaço de liberdade para problematizar, debater, refletir, analisar, aprofundar e criar. Neste sentido, a Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança tem todo o prazer na organização de um evento imprescindível e de referência internacional!The International Conference on Teacher Education (INCTE), in its 5th edition, underlies six aims that require from their participants passion, rational criticism and ingenuity. Passion motivates enduring theoretical and methodological search of the best questions and answers to the problems. Rational criticism substantiates a thorough inquiry of all knowledge and research methods. Ingenuity makes us ask unforeseen questions and leads us down diversified knowledge paths. The 5th INCTE six aims, despite being especially challenging within the area of Education and Training, are much needed and they question presumed knowledge and the so-called educational practice correction. The 5th INCTE shall continue to be a space and time for free discussion, questioning, debate and reflection, analysis and creation. To that end, the School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança is delighted to organise such a compelling and renowned event.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

II Encontro Internacional de Formação na Docência (INCTE): livro de resumos

O II Encontro Internacional de Formação na Docência apresenta os seguintes objetivos: problematizar, no quadro do processo de Bolonha, as estruturas curriculares da formação de educadores e professores; debater propostas didáticas inovadoras na formação para a docência; refletir sobre as práticas formativas nos diversos contextos; analisar o contributo da formação na dinamização das instituições; aprofundar a comunicação entre os diferentes intervenientes na formação numa perspetiva de educação para o desenvolvimento. O Encontro está estruturado em quatro grandes eixos temáticos: Currículo e formação de educadores e professores (CFEP) Este eixo temático integra as questões do currículo, da inovação curricular e as novas perspetivas curriculares, no âmbito da formação inicial ou continuada de educadores e professores, incluindo a discussão de modelos e processos curriculares de diferente natureza e de trabalhos ou propostas de formação de educadores e professores, nos diversos contextos. Didática e formação de educadores e professores (DFEP) Este eixo temático integra aspetos dos diferentes saberes disciplinares em contexto escolar, abarcando a reflexão sobre os contributos da didática na formação de educadores e professores para uma construção progressiva de formas de compreender e agir conscientemente em situações educativas. Práticas educativas e supervisão pedagógica (PESP) Este eixo temático integra o desenvolvimento de práticas de formação de educadores e professores nas escolas, compreendendo a problematização dos papéis a desempenhar pelos diversos intervenientes, numa perspetiva de trabalho colaborativo e da construção de uma identidade profissional consciente, empenhada e responsável. Formação docente e educação para o desenvolvimento (FDED) Este eixo temático integra aspetos formativos do ensino e da aprendizagem relacionados com a promoção de uma cidadania global responsável, abrangendo a discussão de projetos e práticas educativas potenciadoras de uma educação para o desenvolvimento

II Encontro Internacional de Formação na Docência (INCTE): livro de atas

Este livro contém os artigos do I Encontro Internacional de Formação na Docência (INCTE), realizado nos dias 5 e 6 de maio de 2017 no Instituto Politécnico de Bragança

IV Encontro Internacional de Formação na Docência (INCTE): livro de resumos

O Encontro Internacional de Formação na Docência (INCTE) tem, para a sua quarta edição, seis objectivos que exigem aos seus participantes paixão, crítica racional e criatividade. A paixão dá o ânimo para a persistência na procura teórica e metodológica das melhores questões e das melhores respostas aos problemas. A crítica racional permite-nos o escrutínio apurado de todo o conhecimento e dos métodos utilizados. A criatividade leva-nos a colocar questões inesperadas e a percorrer caminhos diferentes. Os seis objectivos do IV INCTE são desafios difíceis para a Educação e Formação, mas são necessários e têm o condão de questionarem o que se julga saber e a suposta correcção da prática educativa. O IV INCTE continuará a ser um tempo e um espaço de liberdade para problematizar, debater, reflectir, analisar, aprofundar e criar. Neste sentido, a Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança tem todo o prazer na organização de um evento imprescindível e de referência internacional!The International Conference on Teacher Education (INCTE), in its 4th edition, underlies 6 aims that require from their participants passion, rational criticism and ingenuity. Passion motivates enduring theoretical and methodological search of the best questions and answers to the problems. Rational criticism substantiates a thorough inquiry of all knowledge and research methods. Ingenuity makes us ask unforeseen questions and leads us down diversified knowledge paths. The 4th INCTE six aims, despite being especially challenging within the area of Education and Training, are much needed and they question presumed knowledge and the so-called educational practice correction. The 4th INCTE shall continue to be a space and time for free discussion, questioning, debate and reflection, analysis and creation. To that end, the School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança is delighted to organise such a compelling and renowned event.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Fifteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release of MaNGA-derived Quantities, Data Visualization Tools, and Stellar Library

Twenty years have passed since first light for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Here, we release data taken by the fourth phase of SDSS (SDSS-IV) across its first three years of operation (2014 July–2017 July). This is the third data release for SDSS-IV, and the 15th from SDSS (Data Release Fifteen; DR15). New data come from MaNGA—we release 4824 data cubes, as well as the first stellar spectra in the MaNGA Stellar Library (MaStar), the first set of survey-supported analysis products (e.g., stellar and gas kinematics, emission-line and other maps) from the MaNGA Data Analysis Pipeline, and a new data visualization and access tool we call "Marvin." The next data release, DR16, will include new data from both APOGEE-2 and eBOSS; those surveys release no new data here, but we document updates and corrections to their data processing pipelines. The release is cumulative; it also includes the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since first light. In this paper, we describe the location and format of the data and tools and cite technical references describing how it was obtained and processed. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has also been updated, providing links to data downloads, tutorials, and examples of data use. Although SDSS-IV will continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V (2020–2025), we end this paper by describing plans to ensure the sustainability of the SDSS data archive for many years beyond the collection of data

Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV: Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe

We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratios in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median $z\sim 0.03$). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between $z\sim 0.6$ and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGNs and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5 m Sloan Foundation Telescope at the Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in 2016 July

Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Background: Understanding the health consequences associated with exposure to risk factors is necessary to inform public health policy and practice. To systematically quantify the contributions of risk factor exposures to specific health outcomes, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 aims to provide comprehensive estimates of exposure levels, relative health risks, and attributable burden of disease for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, from 1990 to 2021. Methods: The GBD 2021 risk factor analysis used data from 54 561 total distinct sources to produce epidemiological estimates for 88 risk factors and their associated health outcomes for a total of 631 risk–outcome pairs. Pairs were included on the basis of data-driven determination of a risk–outcome association. Age-sex-location-year-specific estimates were generated at global, regional, and national levels. Our approach followed the comparative risk assessment framework predicated on a causal web of hierarchically organised, potentially combinative, modifiable risks. Relative risks (RRs) of a given outcome occurring as a function of risk factor exposure were estimated separately for each risk–outcome pair, and summary exposure values (SEVs), representing risk-weighted exposure prevalence, and theoretical minimum risk exposure levels (TMRELs) were estimated for each risk factor. These estimates were used to calculate the population attributable fraction (PAF; ie, the proportional change in health risk that would occur if exposure to a risk factor were reduced to the TMREL). The product of PAFs and disease burden associated with a given outcome, measured in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), yielded measures of attributable burden (ie, the proportion of total disease burden attributable to a particular risk factor or combination of risk factors). Adjustments for mediation were applied to account for relationships involving risk factors that act indirectly on outcomes via intermediate risks. Attributable burden estimates were stratified by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintile and presented as counts, age-standardised rates, and rankings. To complement estimates of RR and attributable burden, newly developed burden of proof risk function (BPRF) methods were applied to yield supplementary, conservative interpretations of risk–outcome associations based on the consistency of underlying evidence, accounting for unexplained heterogeneity between input data from different studies. Estimates reported represent the mean value across 500 draws from the estimate's distribution, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) calculated as the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile values across the draws. Findings: Among the specific risk factors analysed for this study, particulate matter air pollution was the leading contributor to the global disease burden in 2021, contributing 8·0% (95% UI 6·7–9·4) of total DALYs, followed by high systolic blood pressure (SBP; 7·8% [6·4–9·2]), smoking (5·7% [4·7–6·8]), low birthweight and short gestation (5·6% [4·8–6·3]), and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG; 5·4% [4·8–6·0]). For younger demographics (ie, those aged 0–4 years and 5–14 years), risks such as low birthweight and short gestation and unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing (WaSH) were among the leading risk factors, while for older age groups, metabolic risks such as high SBP, high body-mass index (BMI), high FPG, and high LDL cholesterol had a greater impact. From 2000 to 2021, there was an observable shift in global health challenges, marked by a decline in the number of all-age DALYs broadly attributable to behavioural risks (decrease of 20·7% [13·9–27·7]) and environmental and occupational risks (decrease of 22·0% [15·5–28·8]), coupled with a 49·4% (42·3–56·9) increase in DALYs attributable to metabolic risks, all reflecting ageing populations and changing lifestyles on a global scale. Age-standardised global DALY rates attributable to high BMI and high FPG rose considerably (15·7% [9·9–21·7] for high BMI and 7·9% [3·3–12·9] for high FPG) over this period, with exposure to these risks increasing annually at rates of 1·8% (1·6–1·9) for high BMI and 1·3% (1·1–1·5) for high FPG. By contrast, the global risk-attributable burden and exposure to many other risk factors declined, notably for risks such as child growth failure and unsafe water source, with age-standardised attributable DALYs decreasing by 71·5% (64·4–78·8) for child growth failure and 66·3% (60·2–72·0) for unsafe water source. We separated risk factors into three groups according to trajectory over time: those with a decreasing attributable burden, due largely to declining risk exposure (eg, diet high in trans-fat and household air pollution) but also to proportionally smaller child and youth populations (eg, child and maternal malnutrition); those for which the burden increased moderately in spite of declining risk exposure, due largely to population ageing (eg, smoking); and those for which the burden increased considerably due to both increasing risk exposure and population ageing (eg, ambient particulate matter air pollution, high BMI, high FPG, and high SBP). Interpretation: Substantial progress has been made in reducing the global disease burden attributable to a range of risk factors, particularly those related to maternal and child health, WaSH, and household air pollution. Maintaining efforts to minimise the impact of these risk factors, especially in low SDI locations, is necessary to sustain progress. Successes in moderating the smoking-related burden by reducing risk exposure highlight the need to advance policies that reduce exposure to other leading risk factors such as ambient particulate matter air pollution and high SBP. Troubling increases in high FPG, high BMI, and other risk factors related to obesity and metabolic syndrome indicate an urgent need to identify and implement interventions