CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY, AND ANATOMICAL STUDY OF TEUCRIUM POLIUM L.

Objective: The aim of this work is the simplification of the exploitation of medicinal plants that are widely spread in Algeria such as Teucrium polium and search for new biological molecules; first, we performed an anatomical study of the plant to identify their characteristics, then a chemical analysis of its essential oils to identify the active substances contained in this plant; finally, we tested the antibacterial properties of this essential oil. Methods: The extraction of essential oils was carried out by hydrodistillation method using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The chromatographic analysis of HE of this plant was performed with a Hewlett Packard gas chromatograph (GC) controlled pore glass (CPG)/FID 7890, coupled to a GC: CPG/mass spectrometry (MS) 7890/5975C. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the disc diffusion method. The cross sections were manually prepared and the coloring process was done using double coloration method. Results: The results show that the extraction yield was 0.7. The extraction produced yellowish essential oils with a very strong odor. Twenty-seven compounds were identified by GC and GC/MS, the major compounds were β-pinène (30.61%) followed by carvacrol (13.09%) and α-pinène (10.40%). Essential oils of this plant exhibited an antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureu, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant. The anatomical study of this plant shows three different types of glandular trichomes on leaves and stems. Conclusion: This study allowed identifying the anatomical characteristics of T. polium as well as the chemical composition of their essential oil. It has also been shown that this essential oil has an important and significant antibacterial activity

Ability of metal trace elements accumulation by Lichens, Xanthoria parietina and Ramalina farinacea, in Megres area (Setif, Algeria)

The accumulating ability of the atmospheric Metal Trace Elements (MTE) of two lichenic species thalli; Xanthoria parietina and Ramalina farinacea were evaluated in the region of Megres. The recorded concentrations of MTE (Fe, Cu, Mn, Cd, and Pb) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AASF). The ability to accumulate MTE in X. parietina thalli is considerably greater than that of the fruticulous lichen R. farinacea in all stations studied. The general pattern of the elements accumulated in the thalli of the two species in decreasing order of their concentrations was Fe> Mn> Pb> Cu> Cd. The Fe values are very high in X. parietina thalli with an average of 35237.5 ± 3394.2 mg/kg dry wt. In contrast, the Pb concentrations are high, especially in the southern station of the Megres region. The results showed that X. parietina is a hyper-accumulating species of MTE, compared to R. farinacea. This work highlights the ecological importance of this species as a stable and resistant pioneer in this fragile region

Characteristics of essential oils of rosmarinus officinalis from eastern Algeria.

International audienc

Chemical and antimicrobial properties of essential oils of Abies numidica, endemic species of Algeria

International audienceThe analysis and identification of the essential oils components of Abies numidica, endemic species of Algeria, was performed using the (GC-MS). The yield of essential oil samples is 0.4%. These analyses led to the identification of 36 components representing 95.5% of the total oil. The chemical composition of the essential oil is dominated by the products, α-pinene (22.6%), Limonene (19.7%), β-pinene (12.3%), Camphene (11.2%) and β-phellandrene (7.8%). Seven components are represented with a higher rate than 1%. The essential oil has a very effective antibacterial activity against bacterial strains Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis, a modest activity against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and Micrococcus luteus and low activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The action of the oil is very strong on the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a diameter inhibition of 27.7 mm

Antibacterial activity of essential oils from rosmarinus officinalis from eastern Algeria.

International audiencewhitish colour. The average yield of essential oil of the samples is 0.23%. This investigation allows us to support that R. officinalis includes six chemotypes in eastern Algerian. The difference of these chemotypes variants is the concentration of Eucalyptol, campene, α-pinene and camphor. The antibacterial activity of the essential oils chemotypes was evaluated against nine bacteria (Enterobacter cloacae ATCC 13047, MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas syringae, Salmonella sp, Serratia liquefaciens ATCC 27592, Serratia marcescens ATCC 14756 and Shigella sp). The results showed that the essential oils have inhibited growth of bacterial strains. The essential oils chemotypes of Kherrata and the Bibans regions, generally exhibit antibacterial activity against the microorganisms’ tested. The camphor chemotype with three variants exhibits a moderate antibacterial activity

Chemotypes and antibacterial activities of Inula viscosa essential oils from Algeria

International audienceThe aim of this work is to investigate the chemical composition and the antibacterial activities of the essential oils from Inula viscosa (L.) Aiton. Samples were collected in the flowering stage, from different localities in Algeria. The aerial parts of I. viscosa were submitted to a hydro distillation. The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The antibacterial activity of the essential oils was evaluated using the disc diffusion method against fifteen bacterial species. Fifty-eight compounds representing 98.93 ± 2.03% of the total oil was identified in I. viscosa. It was found that the chemical composition was dominated by the presence of the following major products: polygodial (19.8 ± 16.97%), phytol (12.3 ± 9.77%), fokienol (6.01 ± 3.43%), intermedeol neo (5.09 ± 2.38%), caryophyllene oxide (4.91 ± 3.03%), nerolidol-Z (4.46 ± 5.46%), nerolidol-E (4.24 ± 8.07%) and α-ionone iso methyl-E (3.72 ± 2.26%). The essential oil of I. viscosa has moderate activity against the bacteria tested. In contrast, the Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonon syringae ATCC 53543 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 49452 strains are resistant to I. viscosa essential oils. The phytochemical study of I. viscosa showed that it is rich in terpene compounds, with polygodial and phytol as major components. Three distinct chemotypes are highlighted. The (Polygodial-Intermedeol-neo-Phytol) chemotype of Salah Bey population and two chemotypes with Fokinol-polygodial and Fokinol-phytol. Moderate antibacterial activities of essential oils against the bacteria tested were found

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Pinus halepensis from Algeria

International audienceThe chemical composition of Pinus halepensis essential oils and their antibacterial activities were investigated. Plant samples were collected in the flowering stage from the East locality of Algeria. The aerial parts of P. halepensis obtained from fifteen localities were subjected to a hydro-distillation, providing pale yellow viscous oils. The obtained yield average was 0.64 ± 0.37%. The analysis of the chemical composition of essential oils was performed by using GC and GC / MS. A total of thirty-seven compounds representing 99.4 ± 0.5% of the total oils were identified in P. halepensis. The hydrocarbon compounds were found to dominate essential oils in P. halepensis. In addition, the major compounds were caryophyllene-E (29.06 ± 8.5%), myrcene (19.14 ± 6.67%), a-pinene (16.86 ± 3.35%), phenyl ethyl 3-methyl butanoate (5.67 ± 2.47%), a-humulene (4.81 ± 1.43%), terpinolene (3.94 ± 1.6%) and sabinene (3.11 ± 1.84%). Based on their chemical composition, essential oil samples were clustered in five groups by UPGMA analysis. The first group includes the Tafrent essential oil population. It is characterized by the phenyl ethyl-3-methyl butanoate – Sabinene ‒ Δ3-carene chemotype. The second group was subdivided into two clusters. The first cluster or chemotype was characterized by the myrcene ‒ α-pinene ‒ caryophyllene-E. The second chemotype was characterized by caryophyllene-E ‒ α-humulene ‒ myrcene. The essential oil of P. halepensis is an effective antimicrobial against Staphylococcus aureus; Klebsiella pneumonia; Salmonella enteric spp arizonae; Listeria innocua; Proteus mirabilis and Bacillus cereus, and no effect on the E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Anethum graveolens L. Essential Oil from Algeria

Anethum graveolens commonly known as dill plant is a very important shrub which is widely acknowledged in traditional and modern medicine for its capacity to treat colic pain and flatulence. The purpose of this work is the study of the chemical composition and the evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of A. graveolens essential oil. The samples were collected from the chellal region in Algeria and submitted to hydrodistillation. The essential oil extracted was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were tested by the disc diffusion method; seven bacteria and four phytopathogenic fungi were used. The evaluation of the antioxidant activity was carried out by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging method. The results of the GC and GC/MS analysis allowed the identification of 22 components with carvone(34.33%), α-phellendrene (22.03%), dill ether (18.84%), limonene (6.93%) and dill apiol (5.01%) as major components. The results of the disc difusion method show that Anethum graveolens essential oil exhibits strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and moderate antifungal activity against Fusarium graminum and Alternaria alternata. The pure essential oil showed a moderate antioxidant activity with inhibition percentages of 49.93 ± 4.58%. This study highlights the importance of chemical constituents of A. graveolens essential oil which possesses important pharmacological effects on different pathogenic strains and could be used as substitute for synthetic antimicrobial drugs in pharmaceutical industries

Chemical composition and antibacterial activities of Capparis spinosa essential oils from Algeria

International audienceThe essential oils of Capparis spinosa L. collected from six locations in Algeria were obtained by hydro-distillation. The chemical composition of oils was performed by GC-MS. The disc diffusion method is applied for the antibacterial activity. The extraction produced low yield (0.03%). The result of chromatographic analysis (GC/MS) leads to the identification of 33 components; palmitic acid (38.19%), nonanal-n (12.61%), cymene-2,5-dimethoxy-para (8.94%) and octacosane (5.49%) were the major components of these oils. The result of cluster analysis based on essential oils constituents showed the presence of three chemotypes,i.e., the chemotype of Nonanal-n-Cymen 2,5 dimethoxy para-Dodecanal, the chemotype of Nonanal-n-Hexadecanoic acid-tetracosane and the chemotype Tetracosane-n-pentyl furane-2-octacosane. In-vitro antimicrobial activity of caper oils against nine bacterial species showed that the oils have no activity against E. coli and have modest activities against eight other bacterial species tested; however, the desirability test shows that the oils used were not effective on the bacteria tested

Chemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of Teucrium polium L. essential oil from eastern Algeria.

International audienceObjective: The investigation of the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from Teucrium polium and the chromosome number identification.Material and Methods: This study was carried in the Department of Biology and Ecology (University Ferhat Abbas) and ENSCCF (France) between September 2013 and October 2014. Aerial parts were collected from three localities from Eastern Algeria (Beni Aziz, Boutaleb and Amouchas). The air-dried aerial parts were subjected to hydro-distillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The analysis and identification of the essential oil components of Teucrium polium, was performed using the GC-MS. The disk diffusion method is utilised for determination of the antibacterial activity.Results: The average yield of essential oil of the samples is 0.37%. These analyses led to the identification of 57 components. The chemical composition of the essential oil of T. polium is dominated by the presence of a major product, α-pinene (14.1 - 18%), β-pinene (15.3 - 18.1%), germacrene-D (3.8 - 19%), myrcene (8.2 - 10.4%), limonene (5.3 - 8.7%), sabinene (2.7 - 4.3%), caryophyllene-(E) (1.8- 2.3%) and spathulenol (1 - 2.9%). The essential oil of the Beni Aziz population has a high antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The population of Boutaleb has significant activity against Bacillus cereus and no action against S. aureus and the yeast S. cerevisiae.Conclusion: The observed differences and variability of the essential oil of T. polium of Algeria are likely due to different environmental and genetic factors. The number of components is different in these three populations of T. polium from eastern Algeria. Our investigation allows us to support the presence of several chemotypes in T. polium. The chemotype to germacrene-D is located in the regions of Amouchas and Boutaleb. Beni Aziz is the region that has favoured the development of Δ-elemene chemotype. The results of this work show that the essential oil of T. polium possesses antimicrobial properties, which can be used as natural antimicrobial agents