Secure Dual-Functional Radar-Communication Transmission: Exploiting Interference for Resilience Against Target Eavesdropping

We study security solutions for dual-functional radar communication (DFRC) systems, which detect the radar target and communicate with downlink cellular users in millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless networks simultaneously. Uniquely for such scenarios, the radar target is regarded as a potential eavesdropper which might surveil the information sent from the base station (BS) to communication users (CUs), that is carried by the radar probing signal. Transmit waveform and receive beamforming are jointly designed to maximize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the radar under the security and power budget constraints. We apply a Directional Modulation (DM) approach to exploit constructive interference (CI), where the known multiuser interference (MUI) can be exploited as a source of useful signal. Moreover, to further deteriorate the eavesdropping signal at the radar target, we utilize destructive interference (DI) by pushing the received symbols at the target towards the destructive region of the signal constellation. Our numerical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed design showing a secure transmission with enhanced performance against benchmark DFRC techniques

Secure Dual-Functional Radar-Communication Transmission: Exploiting Interference for Resilience Against Target Eavesdropping

We study security solutions for dual-functional radar communication (DFRC) systems, which detect the radar target and communicate with downlink cellular users in millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless networks simultaneously. Uniquely for such scenarios, the radar target is regarded as a potential eavesdropper which might surveil the information sent from the base station (BS) to communication users (CUs), that is carried by the radar probing signal. Transmit waveform and receive beamforming are jointly designed to maximize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the radar under the security and power budget constraints. We apply a Directional Modulation (DM) approach to exploit constructive interference (CI), where the known multiuser interference (MUI) can be exploited as a source of useful signal. Moreover, to further deteriorate the eavesdropping signal at the radar target, we utilize destructive interference (DI) by pushing the received symbols at the target towards the destructive region of the signal constellation. Our numerical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed design showing a secure transmission with enhanced performance against benchmark DFRC techniques

Reduction of Uncertainties for Damage Identification of Bridge Based on Fuzzy Nearness and Modal Data

To avoid the false results of deterministic identification methods induced by uncertainties, a fuzzy nearness-based method is proposed for the damage identification of bridge. An improved index based on ratios of modal shape components is used as identification measurements. The knowledge base for damage identification is established through corresponding relationship between fuzzified measurements and damage severities. The damage condition of test samples can be assessed based on approaching principle through fuzzy nearness with rules in knowledge base. A numerical analysis on a multigirder bridge considering uncertainty is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results indicate that the fuzzy nearness-based method can achieve an accurate identification with success rate up to 93.75%. Antinoise analysis and the ability for dealing with incomplete information reveal its robustness

Cell-type specific potent Wnt signaling blockade by bispecific antibody.

Cell signaling pathways are often shared between normal and diseased cells. How to achieve cell type-specific, potent inhibition of signaling pathways is a major challenge with implications for therapeutic development. Using the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as a model system, we report here a novel and generally applicable method to achieve cell type-selective signaling blockade. We constructed a bispecific antibody targeting the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (the effector antigen) and a cell type-associated antigen (the guide antigen) that provides the targeting specificity. We found that the bispecific antibody inhibits Wnt-induced reporter activities with over one hundred-fold enhancement in potency, and in a cell type-selective manner. Potency enhancement is dependent on the expression level of the guide antigen on the target cell surface and the apparent affinity of the anti-guide antibody. Both internalizing and non-internalizing guide antigens can be used, with internalizing bispecific antibody being able to block signaling by all ligands binding to the target receptor due to its removal from the cell surface. It is thus feasible to develop bispecific-based therapeutic strategies that potently and selectively inhibit signaling pathways in a cell type-selective manner, creating opportunity for therapeutic targeting

Mechanical Behavior and Application of a Novel Supporting and Retaining Structure for Slope

This paper proposed a novel supporting and retaining structure used to high-steep building slope reinforcement. It combined with an anti-sliding pile and an inclined supporting column, which is used as a fulcrum on the upper part of pile. The mechanical characteristics of the novel supporting and retaining structure are studied firstly by two mechanical methods and two numerical methods, respectively. Result shows that the axial force will be evenly distributed along the column body and it provide a quite resistant force, meanwhile. There are two shear force concentrated areas of the anti-sliding pile, one is from the top of the embedded area of the pile body to the potential slip plane, the other is at the joint. Subsequently, the results of these methods are compared synthetically and the differences between the results are also discussed. It shows that a large shear force and moment will be caused at the restrained end of the pile body by the force method and 2D numerical model 1. And in Wenkler model and the 2D numerical model 2, the rock is considered non-rigid, the anti-sliding pile will produce a certain amount of deflection under the sliding thrust, which reduces the shear force and moment at the top of the embedded area of the pile body. Finally, the novel supporting and retaining structure is applied to the site, and the monitoring data shows that the novel supporting and retaining structure is economic and effective for the reinforcement of the high-steep building slope