69,629 research outputs found
Asymmetrical cognitive load Imposed by processing native and non-native speech
Intonation affects information processing and comprehension. Previous research has found that some international teaching assistants (ITAs) fail to exploit English intonation, potentially posing processing difficulties to students who are native English speakers. However, researchers have also found that non-native listeners found it easier to process sentences given by a non-native speaker with a shared language background, leading to an interlanguage speech intelligibility benefit (ISIB). Therefore, how native speaker teaching assistant (NSTA)’s and ITA’s classroom speech affects the processing, comprehension, and attitudes of listeners with different language backgrounds needs to be further investigated. Using a dual-task paradigm, a comprehension questionnaire, and an attitudinal questionnaire, the present study investigates how the pronunciation and intonation of a NSTA and an ITA affect native English speakers’ and Mandarin-speaking English learners’ processing and comprehension of a lecture, and attitudes towards the two instructors. The present study found shared processing advantages when the listeners shared the L1 of the speaker, but overall lecture comprehension and attitude were unaffected. These findings support and extend prior research studies surveying ITAs’ intonational patterns and ISIB. These findings also have implications for research on the teaching of English pronunciation to non-native instructors.Published versio
Detecting large extra dimensions with optomechanical levitated sensors
Numbers of tabletop experiments have made efforts to detect large extra
dimensions for the range from solar system to submillimeter system, but the
direct evidence is still lacking. Here we present a scheme to test the
gravitational law in 4+2 dimensions at microns by using cavity optomechanical
method. We have investigated the probe spectrum for coupled quantum levitated
oscillators in optical cavities. The results show that the spectral splitting
can be obtained once the large extra dimensions present. Compare to the
previous experiment, the sensitivity can be improved by the using of a specific
geometry and a shield mirror to control and suppress the effect of the Casimir
background. The weak frequency splitting can be optically read by the
pump-probe scheme. Thus we can detect the gravitational deviation in the bulk
based ADD model via spectroscopy without the isoelectronic technique
Stability of Gorenstein flat categories with respect to a semidualizing module
In this paper, we first introduce -Gorenstein modules to
establish the following Foxby equivalence: \xymatrix@C=80pt{\mathcal
{G}(\mathcal {F})\cap \mathcal {A}_C(R) \ar@[r]^{C\otimes_R-} & \mathcal
{G}(\mathcal {W}_F) \ar@[l]^{\textrm{Hom}_R(C,-)}} where , and
denote the class of Gorenstein flat modules, the Auslander class and the class
of -Gorenstein modules respectively. Then, we investigate
two-degree -Gorenstein modules. An -module is said to be
two-degree -Gorenstein if there exists an exact sequence
\mathbb{G}_\bullet=\indent ...\longrightarrow G_1\longrightarrow
G_0\longrightarrow G^0\longrightarrow G^1\longrightarrow... in such that \im(G_0\rightarrow G^0) and that
is Hom and exact. We show that two notions of the
two-degree -Gorenstein and the -Gorenstein
modules coincide when R is a commutative GF-closed ring.Comment: 18 page
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