Research of China-Us K-wave based decision making

Most prominent works on the subject, including k-wave theory-based research, do not elaborate on the topic of interconnectivity between economy and research on a microeconomic scale, instead of focusing on general innovation theory and macroeconomic stimuli. Present paper aims to discover k-wave theory-based decision making and potential explanation in R&D standoff between the United States, leader of fifth technological paradigm, and China – emerging leader of sixth technological paradigm. Overall conducted research shows fundamental divergence and a variety of interpretations within the framework of the k-wave theory itself, the proposed change in recourse flow stands true which in turn signifies the importance of k-wave theory in the modern decision-making process

Кризисный сценарий для «Еврозоны»: варианты развития событий и уроки для экономических интеграционных объединений с участием России

Topic. The article reviews the legal possibility of full or partial EMU breakup (EURO-crack). The authors conducted jurisprudential researches of the European experience and compare both the provisions of the EU and Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) documents (Treaty, Protocol 15) and integration processes maturity of the latter.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to consider possible mechanisms and consequences of European Union (EU) member states exit from the economic and monetary union (EMU); to assess the applicability of the European experience to the development of monetary and economic integration among member states of Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).Methodology. The authors of the article use scenario analysis method to assess legal grounds, procedures, mechanisms and consequences of EU member states exit from the economic and monetary union for the ongoing one (Brexit) and the most probable options.Results. The authors systematize and conduct consistent analysis of prerequisites, the chronology of formation of various European integration associations, fundamental legal documents and key milestones in the formation of monetary integration in the EU, the stages of European EMU development in its contemporary form. They include an exit from Eurozone: with further immediate application for repeat accession without taking part in the monetary union; retaining the EU membership based on the provisions of Vienna Convention regarding the law of treaties and that arising out of the Treaty on the functioning of the EU.Conclusions. The authors conclude that the modern system of international law provides an effective denouncement mechanism of the Treaty on European Union and its individual provisions. They argue the possibility of changing the legal status of member States with varying degrees of participation in EMU and, on the example of Italy, criticized the initiative for a unilateral exit of a member state of the EMU.Jurisprudential researches of the European experience conducted by the authors, allowed them to compare the provisions of the documents of the EU and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) (Treaty, Protocol 15)), and the degree of maturity of the integration processes of the latter. Conclusions made by the authors about the prospects of economic and monetary integration of member States of the EAEU are the base of recommendations for action concerning deepening economic integration and creation of common financial market of the EEU. Conclusions made by the authors are also relevant to state authorities of the Russian Federation, including economic authorities and organs of diplomacy.Предмет. В статье исследуются правовые возможности полного или частичного выхода из Экономического и валютного союза (ЭВС) стран ЕС. С этой целью авторы провели правоведческие исследования опыта европейских страх и сравнили положения основных документов ЕС и Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС) (Трактат, Протокол № 15), а также зрелость интеграционных процессов в ЕАЭС.Цель. Рассмотрение возможных механизмов и последствий выхода государств-членов Европейского союза (ЕС) из экономического и валютного союза (ЭВС), оценка применимости европейского опыта для развития валютно-экономической интеграции стран Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС).Методология. Авторы статьи используют метод сценарного анализа для оценки правовых оснований, процедур, механизмов и последствий выхода государств-членов ЕС из экономического и валютного союза для уже реализуемого (Brexit) и наиболее вероятных вариантов.Результаты: Для этого авторы систематизируют и последовательно анализируют предпосылки, хронологию формирования различных интеграционных объединений Европы, основополагающие юридические документы и ключевые вехи становления валютной интеграции в ЕС, этапы формирования в Европе ЭВС в его современном виде. В статье рассматривается вероятность полного или частичного распада ЭВС (EURO-crack). В их числе выход из Еврозоны: с последующим немедленным направлением заявки на повторное вступление, без участия в валютном союзе; с сохранением членства в ЕС по основаниям, предусмотренным Венской конвенции о праве международных договоров или вытекающим из Договора о функционировании ЕС.Выводы. Авторы делают выводы о том, что современная система международного права содержит эффективный механизм денонсации Договора о ЕС и отдельных его положений. Аргументируют они и возможность изменения правового статуса государств-членов с разной степенью участия в ЭВС и, на примере Италии, приводят критику инициативы по одностороннему выходу государства-члена из ЭВС.Правовое исследование европейского опыта, проведенное авторами, позволило им сопоставить и положения документов ЕС и Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС) (Договора, Протокола 15), и степень зрелости интеграционных процессов последнего. Сделанные авторами выводы о перспективах валютно-экономической интеграции государств-членов ЕАЭС положены ими в основу рекомендаций по углублению экономической интеграции, созданию общего финансового рынка ЕАЭС. Приведенные в статье выводы и рекомендации по принятию мер для дальнейшего углубления экономической интеграции с государствами Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС) актуальны для органов государственной власти Российской Федерации, в том числе экономических властей и органов дипломатии

Eurozone Crisis Scenario: Possible Developments and Lessons for Economic Integration Communities with Participation of Russia

Topic. The article reviews the legal possibility of full or partial EMU breakup (EURO-crack). The authors conducted jurisprudential researches of the European experience and compare both the provisions of the EU and Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) documents (Treaty, Protocol 15) and integration processes maturity of the latter.Purpose. The purpose of the article is to consider possible mechanisms and consequences of European Union (EU) member states exit from the economic and monetary union (EMU); to assess the applicability of the European experience to the development of monetary and economic integration among member states of Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).Methodology. The authors of the article use scenario analysis method to assess legal grounds, procedures, mechanisms and consequences of EU member states exit from the economic and monetary union for the ongoing one (Brexit) and the most probable options.Results. The authors systematize and conduct consistent analysis of prerequisites, the chronology of formation of various European integration associations, fundamental legal documents and key milestones in the formation of monetary integration in the EU, the stages of European EMU development in its contemporary form. They include an exit from Eurozone: with further immediate application for repeat accession without taking part in the monetary union; retaining the EU membership based on the provisions of Vienna Convention regarding the law of treaties and that arising out of the Treaty on the functioning of the EU.Conclusions. The authors conclude that the modern system of international law provides an effective denouncement mechanism of the Treaty on European Union and its individual provisions. They argue the possibility of changing the legal status of member States with varying degrees of participation in EMU and, on the example of Italy, criticized the initiative for a unilateral exit of a member state of the EMU.Jurisprudential researches of the European experience conducted by the authors, allowed them to compare the provisions of the documents of the EU and the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) (Treaty, Protocol 15)), and the degree of maturity of the integration processes of the latter. Conclusions made by the authors about the prospects of economic and monetary integration of member States of the EAEU are the base of recommendations for action concerning deepening economic integration and creation of common financial market of the EEU. Conclusions made by the authors are also relevant to state authorities of the Russian Federation, including economic authorities and organs of diplomacy

Legal and Regulatory Framework for AI Solutions in Healthcare in EU, US, China, and Russia: New Scenarios after a Pandemic

The COVID-19 crisis has exposed some of the most pressing challenges affecting healthcare and highlighted the benefits that robust integration of digital and AI technologies in the healthcare setting may bring. Although medical solutions based on AI are growing rapidly, regulatory issues and policy initiatives including ownership and control of data, data sharing, privacy protection, telemedicine, and accountability need to be carefully and continually addressed as AI research requires robust and ethical guidelines, demanding an update of the legal and regulatory framework all over the world. Several recently proposed regulatory frameworks provide a solid foundation but do not address a number of issues that may prevent algorithms from being fully trusted. A global effort is needed for an open, mature conversation about the best possible way to guard against and mitigate possible harms to realize the potential of AI across health systems in a respectful and ethical way. This conversation must include national and international policymakers, physicians, digital health and machine learning leaders from industry and academia. If this is done properly and in a timely fashion, the potential of AI in healthcare will be realized