Trace fossils from the Myslejovice Formation of the Drahany Culm Basin (Lower Carboniferous, Moravosilesian unit of the Bohemian Massif)

The research in this study is focused on trace fossils of the Myslejovice Formation, which is one of the lithostratigraphical units in the Lower Carboniferous sequences of the Drahany Culm Basin that belongs to the large area of Rhenohercynian Zone of the Variscan orogenetic flysch belt. Ichnofossils have mainly been collected in the southeastern part, near Vyškov. The material comes from the collection of Mr. Veleslav Lang which is nowadays stored in the Regional Museum of Olomouc. From this collection total 615 specimens in 10 ichnogenera and 13 following ichnospecies were determined and redefi ned: ?Alcyonidiopsis isp., Cosmorhaphe isp., Dictyodora liebeana, Diplocraterion parallelum, Gordia isp., Chondrites cf. intricatus, Chondrites isp., Nereites missouriensis, Nereites isp., Phycosiphon incertum, Planolites beverleyensis, Planolites isp. and Rhizocorallium isp. The revised material comes from the following locations: Opatovice, Habrovany, Hamiltony, Ježkovice, Lhota, Luleč, Myslejovice, Nemojany – Blatická dolina, Nemojany, Otaslavice, Pístovice, Radslavice and Rychtářov. The overall character of ichnoassemblages indicates conditions of Nereites ichnofacies, which is typical for the distal parts of the suprafan turbidite lobes. Compared to other areas of Culm facies in Middle Europe, assemblages of the Myslejovice Formation belong among the less diversified.The research in this study is focused on trace fossils of the Myslejovice Formation, which is one of the lithostratigraphical units in the Lower Carboniferous sequences of the Drahany Culm Basin that belongs to the large area of Rhenohercynian Zone of the Variscan orogenetic flysch belt. Ichnofossils have mainly been collected in the southeastern part, near Vyškov. The material comes from the collection of Mr. Veleslav Lang which is nowadays stored in the Regional Museum of Olomouc. From this collection total 615 specimens in 10 ichnogenera and 13 following ichnospecies were determined and redefi ned: ?Alcyonidiopsis isp., Cosmorhaphe isp., Dictyodora liebeana, Diplocraterion parallelum, Gordia isp., Chondrites cf. intricatus, Chondrites isp., Nereites missouriensis, Nereites isp., Phycosiphon incertum, Planolites beverleyensis, Planolites isp. and Rhizocorallium isp. The revised material comes from the following locations: Opatovice, Habrovany, Hamiltony, Ježkovice, Lhota, Luleč, Myslejovice, Nemojany – Blatická dolina, Nemojany, Otaslavice, Pístovice, Radslavice and Rychtářov. The overall character of ichnoassemblages indicates conditions of Nereites ichnofacies, which is typical for the distal parts of the suprafan turbidite lobes. Compared to other areas of Culm facies in Middle Europe, assemblages of the Myslejovice Formation belong among the less diversified

Lower Carboniferous bivalves from the Drahany Upland (Culm facies) and their statigraphical significance

The Drahany Upland is built of a flysch sequence of Lower Carboniferous age (shale, greywackes, conglomerates), and a preflysch sequence of Devonian to Lower Carboniferous age (spilites, carbonates, shales). Lower Carboniferous black shales are known by goniatites and bivalvian assemblages, also fossil traces. According to the Żakowa (1971) methodology were determined species of bivalves of the genus Posidonia and Septimyalina. Amler (1994) describes the morphology of the bivalve genus Streblochondria. So far was from the Culm sites od Drahany Upland determined 18 kinds of Lower Carboniferous bivalves represented by following species: Posidonia becheri, Posidonia corrugata, Posidonia kochi, Posidonia trapezoedra, Posidonia radiata, Septimyalina sublamellosa, Septimyalina lamellosa, Septimyalina cf. minor, Dunbarella mosensis, Streblochondria patteiskyi, Streblochondria praetenuis, Sanguinolites sp., Janeia böhmi, Polidevcia cf. sharmani, Anthraconeilo oblongum, Palaeoneilo luciniforme and Edmondia sp. These genera originated from localities of Myslejovice Formation (i. e. Opatovice, Dědice, Pístovice, Nemojany, Ježkovice, Radslavice and Myslejovice). Lower Carboniferous marine bivalves can be also used for correlation of goniatites zones in the Upper Viséan of Myslejovice Formation. Correlation table is adapted from Amler (2004). Correlation of bivalve zones to goniatite zones has proven to be useful. Due to the very variable conditions of the various locations the deviations can be partly caused by incompleteness of the fossil record from the specifi ed horizons.The Drahany Upland is built of a flysch sequence of Lower Carboniferous age (shale, greywackes, conglomerates), and a preflysch sequence of Devonian to Lower Carboniferous age (spilites, carbonates, shales). Lower Carboniferous black shales are known by goniatites and bivalvian assemblages, also fossil traces. According to the Żakowa (1971) methodology were determined species of bivalves of the genus Posidonia and Septimyalina. Amler (1994) describes the morphology of the bivalve genus Streblochondria. So far was from the Culm sites od Drahany Upland determined 18 kinds of Lower Carboniferous bivalves represented by following species: Posidonia becheri, Posidonia corrugata, Posidonia kochi, Posidonia trapezoedra, Posidonia radiata, Septimyalina sublamellosa, Septimyalina lamellosa, Septimyalina cf. minor, Dunbarella mosensis, Streblochondria patteiskyi, Streblochondria praetenuis, Sanguinolites sp., Janeia böhmi, Polidevcia cf. sharmani, Anthraconeilo oblongum, Palaeoneilo luciniforme and Edmondia sp. These genera originated from localities of Myslejovice Formation (i. e. Opatovice, Dědice, Pístovice, Nemojany, Ježkovice, Radslavice and Myslejovice). Lower Carboniferous marine bivalves can be also used for correlation of goniatites zones in the Upper Viséan of Myslejovice Formation. Correlation table is adapted from Amler (2004). Correlation of bivalve zones to goniatite zones has proven to be useful. Due to the very variable conditions of the various locations the deviations can be partly caused by incompleteness of the fossil record from the specifi ed horizons

Lower Carboniferous bivalves from the Drahany Upland (Culm facies) and their statigraphical significance

The Drahany Upland is built of a flysch sequence of Lower Carboniferous age (shale, greywackes, conglomerates), and a preflysch sequence of Devonian to Lower Carboniferous age (spilites, carbonates, shales). Lower Carboniferous black shales are known by goniatites and bivalvian assemblages, also fossil traces. According to the Żakowa (1971) methodology were determined species of bivalves of the genus Posidonia and Septimyalina. Amler (1994) describes the morphology of the bivalve genus Streblochondria. So far was from the Culm sites od Drahany Upland determined 18 kinds of Lower Carboniferous bivalves represented by following species: Posidonia becheri, Posidonia corrugata, Posidonia kochi, Posidonia trapezoedra, Posidonia radiata, Septimyalina sublamellosa, Septimyalina lamellosa, Septimyalina cf. minor, Dunbarella mosensis, Streblochondria patteiskyi, Streblochondria praetenuis, Sanguinolites sp., Janeia böhmi, Polidevcia cf. sharmani, Anthraconeilo oblongum, Palaeoneilo luciniforme and Edmondia sp. These genera originated from localities of Myslejovice Formation (i. e. Opatovice, Dědice, Pístovice, Nemojany, Ježkovice, Radslavice and Myslejovice). Lower Carboniferous marine bivalves can be also used for correlation of goniatites zones in the Upper Viséan of Myslejovice Formation. Correlation table is adapted from Amler (2004). Correlation of bivalve zones to goniatite zones has proven to be useful. Due to the very variable conditions of the various locations the deviations can be partly caused by incompleteness of the fossil record from the specifi ed horizons.The Drahany Upland is built of a flysch sequence of Lower Carboniferous age (shale, greywackes, conglomerates), and a preflysch sequence of Devonian to Lower Carboniferous age (spilites, carbonates, shales). Lower Carboniferous black shales are known by goniatites and bivalvian assemblages, also fossil traces. According to the Żakowa (1971) methodology were determined species of bivalves of the genus Posidonia and Septimyalina. Amler (1994) describes the morphology of the bivalve genus Streblochondria. So far was from the Culm sites od Drahany Upland determined 18 kinds of Lower Carboniferous bivalves represented by following species: Posidonia becheri, Posidonia corrugata, Posidonia kochi, Posidonia trapezoedra, Posidonia radiata, Septimyalina sublamellosa, Septimyalina lamellosa, Septimyalina cf. minor, Dunbarella mosensis, Streblochondria patteiskyi, Streblochondria praetenuis, Sanguinolites sp., Janeia böhmi, Polidevcia cf. sharmani, Anthraconeilo oblongum, Palaeoneilo luciniforme and Edmondia sp. These genera originated from localities of Myslejovice Formation (i. e. Opatovice, Dědice, Pístovice, Nemojany, Ježkovice, Radslavice and Myslejovice). Lower Carboniferous marine bivalves can be also used for correlation of goniatites zones in the Upper Viséan of Myslejovice Formation. Correlation table is adapted from Amler (2004). Correlation of bivalve zones to goniatite zones has proven to be useful. Due to the very variable conditions of the various locations the deviations can be partly caused by incompleteness of the fossil record from the specifi ed horizons

ICHNOFOSILIE CRUZIANA PROBLEMATICA VE SVRCHNÍM KARBONU HORNOSLEZSKÉ PÁNVE

Upper Carboniferous trace fossil Cruziana problematica d´Orbigny, 1849 found in the dump of Doubrava mine (Karviná district) is described. This paper is the first report about trace fossils occurence in the Karviná Formation. The producers of these traces were perhaps small arthropods

Litofacies analysis of the basis of the Hradec-Kyjovice Formation (Nízký Jeseník Mts., Moravian-Silesian Unit, Bohemian Massif)

A detailed field facies and ichnofacies analysis undertaken in the eastern part of the Nízký Jesník Mts. revealed that the basal part of Hradec-Kyjovice Formation of Upper Viséan age corresponded to coarse-grained siliciclastic turbidite system. Research was focused on detailed measurement of fifteen outcrops in the area. The formation was deposited in deep water environmental of the foreland basin by sediment gravity flows. Five facies were identified in the Hradec Member of the Hradec-Kyjovice Formation: conglomerate facies, pebble to coarse grained sandstone facies, coarse grained sandstone facies, sandstone-siltstone facies and the muddy siltstone facies. The conglomerate facies, pebble to coarse grained sandstone facies and coarse grained sandstone facies represent proximal, coarse grained channel deposits of high-density turbidite currents. The sandstone-siltstone sediments consist of a variety of turbidites deposites in lobes and interchannel environments. The muddy siltstone facies were deposited in interchannel environments by lowdensity turbidite currents. Some depositional lobes contain trace fossils of the Nereites ichnofacies. Sedimentary record of the basal parts of the Hradec-Kyjovice Formation indicates a Late Viséan a change in the development of Culm basin in Upper Viséan and beginning of new sedimentary cycle of sedimentation governed presumably by a compressional tectonic pulse.A detailed field facies and ichnofacies analysis undertaken in the eastern part of the Nízký Jesník Mts. revealed that the basal part of Hradec-Kyjovice Formation of Upper Viséan age corresponded to coarse-grained siliciclastic turbidite system. Research was focused on detailed measurement of fifteen outcrops in the area. The formation was deposited in deep water environmental of the foreland basin by sediment gravity flows. Five facies were identified in the Hradec Member of the Hradec-Kyjovice Formation: conglomerate facies, pebble to coarse grained sandstone facies, coarse grained sandstone facies, sandstone-siltstone facies and the muddy siltstone facies. The conglomerate facies, pebble to coarse grained sandstone facies and coarse grained sandstone facies represent proximal, coarse grained channel deposits of high-density turbidite currents. The sandstone-siltstone sediments consist of a variety of turbidites deposites in lobes and interchannel environments. The muddy siltstone facies were deposited in interchannel environments by lowdensity turbidite currents. Some depositional lobes contain trace fossils of the Nereites ichnofacies. Sedimentary record of the basal parts of the Hradec-Kyjovice Formation indicates a Late Viséan a change in the development of Culm basin in Upper Viséan and beginning of new sedimentary cycle of sedimentation governed presumably by a compressional tectonic pulse

Fluid inclusions and chemical composition of analcimes from Řepiště site (Outer Western Carpathians)

Studied locality is situated in western part of the Silesian Unit of the Outer Western Carpathians. Analcime was found in magmatic rock of the teschenite association which was subject of extensive analcimization. Th e analcime crystals, filling the veins and cavities (amygdules, miaroles), have a size up to 5 mm and composite structure: a milky white core shows irregular shape, up to 1 mm in size, and a vitreous transparent rim showing euhedral crystals. The vitreous transparent analcime from veins forms either euhedral crystals or white-pink spherulitic aggregates (size up to 5 mm). Their composition is not close to stoichiometry, with the SiO2/Al2O3 mole ratios from 2.08 to 3.12. Increasing SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios of analcimes are consistent with decreasing crystallization temperatures. Analcime contains abundant primary fluid inclusions, less secondary fluid inclusions. Fluid inclusions are one-phase (L-only) or two-phase (L+V) with essentially constant liquid-vapour ratios (gaseous phase takes ca. 10 vol. %). The homogenization temperatures of two-phase inclusions range between 122 and 180 °C (analcime from veins) and between 219 and 295 °C (analcime from cavities - amygdules, miaroles). Inclusions freeze at temperatures of -38 to -49 °C. The last ice melts at temperatures between -0.6 and -3.7 °C. The eutectic temperature was not possible to measure due to the small size of the inclusions. The hydrothermal analcime formed from fluids causing the pervasive post-magmatic hydrothermal alteration of the host magmatic rock. The parent fluids were low-salinity (0.7 to 3.2 wt. % NaCl equiv.) aqueous solutions that were progressively cooled during mineral precipitation. This mineral phase represents a transitional stage between the high-temperature and low-temperature stages of post-magmatic hydrothermal activity in the study area.Studied locality is situated in western part of the Silesian Unit of the Outer Western Carpathians. Analcime was found in magmatic rock of the teschenite association which was subject of extensive analcimization. Th e analcime crystals, filling the veins and cavities (amygdules, miaroles), have a size up to 5 mm and composite structure: a milky white core shows irregular shape, up to 1 mm in size, and a vitreous transparent rim showing euhedral crystals. The vitreous transparent analcime from veins forms either euhedral crystals or white-pink spherulitic aggregates (size up to 5 mm). Their composition is not close to stoichiometry, with the SiO2/Al2O3 mole ratios from 2.08 to 3.12. Increasing SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios of analcimes are consistent with decreasing crystallization temperatures. Analcime contains abundant primary fluid inclusions, less secondary fluid inclusions. Fluid inclusions are one-phase (L-only) or two-phase (L+V) with essentially constant liquid-vapour ratios (gaseous phase takes ca. 10 vol. %). The homogenization temperatures of two-phase inclusions range between 122 and 180 °C (analcime from veins) and between 219 and 295 °C (analcime from cavities - amygdules, miaroles). Inclusions freeze at temperatures of -38 to -49 °C. The last ice melts at temperatures between -0.6 and -3.7 °C. The eutectic temperature was not possible to measure due to the small size of the inclusions. The hydrothermal analcime formed from fluids causing the pervasive post-magmatic hydrothermal alteration of the host magmatic rock. The parent fluids were low-salinity (0.7 to 3.2 wt. % NaCl equiv.) aqueous solutions that were progressively cooled during mineral precipitation. This mineral phase represents a transitional stage between the high-temperature and low-temperature stages of post-magmatic hydrothermal activity in the study area

MODÁLNÍ SLOŽENÍ A GAMASPEKTROMETRIE PSAMITŮ MORAVICKÉHO SOUVRSTVÍ: DŮSLEDKY PRO PROVENIENČNÍ STUDIE SEDIMENTŮ KULMSKÉ FACIE

Most provenance studies based on the Gazzi-Dickinson method of detrital mode analysis indicate that the flysch siliciclastics of the Nízký Jeseník Mts (Lower Viséan to lowermost Namurian) have recycled-orogen to dissected-arc provenance, but distinct stratigraphic shifts in sandstone composition were traced between individual formations. This provenance study reveals a distinct stratigraphic trend in sandstone composition in one of the flysch formations in the Nízký Jeseník Mts, the Moravice Formation of Upper Viséan age. This compositional trend reflects a distinct shift in general lithology in the source area from low-grade metamorphic / sedimentary lithology to high-grade metamorphic one. Gamma-ray spectrometry and magnetic susceptibility measurements show stratigraphic trends, which can be interpreted in similar terms as the results from the detrital-mode analysis. Two-variable statistics of individual detrital modes plotted against gamma-ray and magnetic susceptibility measurements reveals good correlation to exist between Kfeldspar contents and contents of U, Th and values of total activity as well as between total lithic grain contents and values of magnetic susceptibility

Petrographic variability of a body of teschenite from the site Bludovice near Nový Jičín (Silesian Unit, Outer Western Carpathians)

A petrographically complex teschenite sill occurs 800 m south-eastern from the village of Bludovice near Nový Jičín. The rocks are composed mainly of chemically zonal clinopyroxene (diopside core – Fe-rich diopside or Mg-rich hedenbergite rim) and clinoamphibole (kaersutite or ferrokaersutite core – hastingsite or ferropargasite rim) phenocrysts which range up to few cm in size, apatite, biotite, opaque minerals and bright gray to pinkish matrix. Main constituents of the matrix are alkali feldspars and analcime which are accompanied by secondary minerals (titanite, chlorite, prehnite, carbonates, epidote, and hydrated iron oxide-hydroxides). In this paper, we characterize various rock types of analcime-rich teschenites and thus try to elucidate petrographic variability of the teschenite body from Bludovice. Based on the mineral composition, texture, and geological position, four types of teschenites were distinguished: (I) leucocratic (M´ = 28–35) medium- to coarse-grained teschenites with pyroxene and amphibole phenocrysts; (II) mesocratic to melanocratic (M´ = 46–66) fine- to medium-grained pyroxene-amphibole to amphibole-pyroxene teschenites; (III) nests of leucocratic (M´ = 20–21) fine-grained pyroxene teschenite; and (IV) dykes of leucocratic to mesocratic amphibole-pyroxene to amphibole (M´ = 22–38) teschenite. Large petrographic variability resulted from processes of magmatic differentiation (fractional crystallisation, gravitational differentiation, and irregular distribution of volatile components) and subsequent hydrothermal alteration. Leucocratic nests and dykes represent most differentiated parts of the teschenite body.A petrographically complex teschenite sill occurs 800 m south-eastern from the village of Bludovice near Nový Jičín. The rocks are composed mainly of chemically zonal clinopyroxene (diopside core – Fe-rich diopside or Mg-rich hedenbergite rim) and clinoamphibole (kaersutite or ferrokaersutite core – hastingsite or ferropargasite rim) phenocrysts which range up to few cm in size, apatite, biotite, opaque minerals and bright gray to pinkish matrix. Main constituents of the matrix are alkali feldspars and analcime which are accompanied by secondary minerals (titanite, chlorite, prehnite, carbonates, epidote, and hydrated iron oxide-hydroxides). In this paper, we characterize various rock types of analcime-rich teschenites and thus try to elucidate petrographic variability of the teschenite body from Bludovice. Based on the mineral composition, texture, and geological position, four types of teschenites were distinguished: (I) leucocratic (M´ = 28–35) medium- to coarse-grained teschenites with pyroxene and amphibole phenocrysts; (II) mesocratic to melanocratic (M´ = 46–66) fine- to medium-grained pyroxene-amphibole to amphibole-pyroxene teschenites; (III) nests of leucocratic (M´ = 20–21) fine-grained pyroxene teschenite; and (IV) dykes of leucocratic to mesocratic amphibole-pyroxene to amphibole (M´ = 22–38) teschenite. Large petrographic variability resulted from processes of magmatic differentiation (fractional crystallisation, gravitational differentiation, and irregular distribution of volatile components) and subsequent hydrothermal alteration. Leucocratic nests and dykes represent most differentiated parts of the teschenite body

Petrographic variability of a body of teschenite from the site Bludovice near Nový Jičín (Silesian Unit, Outer Western Carpathians)

A petrographically complex teschenite sill occurs 800 m south-eastern from the village of Bludovice near Nový Jičín. The rocks are composed mainly of chemically zonal clinopyroxene (diopside core – Fe-rich diopside or Mg-rich hedenbergite rim) and clinoamphibole (kaersutite or ferrokaersutite core – hastingsite or ferropargasite rim) phenocrysts which range up to few cm in size, apatite, biotite, opaque minerals and bright gray to pinkish matrix. Main constituents of the matrix are alkali feldspars and analcime which are accompanied by secondary minerals (titanite, chlorite, prehnite, carbonates, epidote, and hydrated iron oxide-hydroxides). In this paper, we characterize various rock types of analcime-rich teschenites and thus try to elucidate petrographic variability of the teschenite body from Bludovice. Based on the mineral composition, texture, and geological position, four types of teschenites were distinguished: (I) leucocratic (M´ = 28–35) medium- to coarse-grained teschenites with pyroxene and amphibole phenocrysts; (II) mesocratic to melanocratic (M´ = 46–66) fine- to medium-grained pyroxene-amphibole to amphibole-pyroxene teschenites; (III) nests of leucocratic (M´ = 20–21) fine-grained pyroxene teschenite; and (IV) dykes of leucocratic to mesocratic amphibole-pyroxene to amphibole (M´ = 22–38) teschenite. Large petrographic variability resulted from processes of magmatic differentiation (fractional crystallisation, gravitational differentiation, and irregular distribution of volatile components) and subsequent hydrothermal alteration. Leucocratic nests and dykes represent most differentiated parts of the teschenite body.A petrographically complex teschenite sill occurs 800 m south-eastern from the village of Bludovice near Nový Jičín. The rocks are composed mainly of chemically zonal clinopyroxene (diopside core – Fe-rich diopside or Mg-rich hedenbergite rim) and clinoamphibole (kaersutite or ferrokaersutite core – hastingsite or ferropargasite rim) phenocrysts which range up to few cm in size, apatite, biotite, opaque minerals and bright gray to pinkish matrix. Main constituents of the matrix are alkali feldspars and analcime which are accompanied by secondary minerals (titanite, chlorite, prehnite, carbonates, epidote, and hydrated iron oxide-hydroxides). In this paper, we characterize various rock types of analcime-rich teschenites and thus try to elucidate petrographic variability of the teschenite body from Bludovice. Based on the mineral composition, texture, and geological position, four types of teschenites were distinguished: (I) leucocratic (M´ = 28–35) medium- to coarse-grained teschenites with pyroxene and amphibole phenocrysts; (II) mesocratic to melanocratic (M´ = 46–66) fine- to medium-grained pyroxene-amphibole to amphibole-pyroxene teschenites; (III) nests of leucocratic (M´ = 20–21) fine-grained pyroxene teschenite; and (IV) dykes of leucocratic to mesocratic amphibole-pyroxene to amphibole (M´ = 22–38) teschenite. Large petrographic variability resulted from processes of magmatic differentiation (fractional crystallisation, gravitational differentiation, and irregular distribution of volatile components) and subsequent hydrothermal alteration. Leucocratic nests and dykes represent most differentiated parts of the teschenite body

LITOFACIE A FOSILNÍ STOPY JEMNOZRNNÉHO TURBIDITNÍHO SYSTÉMU V JIŽNÍ ČÁSTI MORAVICKÉHO SOUVRSTVÍ JESENICKÉHO KULMU, ČESKÝ MASIV

A detailed field facies- and ichnofacies analysis undertaken in the southern part of the Nízký Jeseník Mts. revealed the Moravice Formation of upper Viséan age being composed a relatively uniform, fine-grained siliciclastic turbidite system. At its base proximal, coarse-grained channel deposits with some olistoliths alternate with shales and fine-grained turbidites to form distinct, asymmetric, fining- and thinning upward cycles deposited in the inner- to middle submarine fan environment. Upper, fine-grained parts of the cycles are rich in trace fossils of the Zoophycos (+/- Nereites) ichnofacies. Younger, volumetrically dominant parts of the Moravice Formation include thick successions of shales interbedded with laminae and thin beds of distal turbidites and/or (?) contourites, which accomodate numerous graywacke bodies n x 10 to n x 100 m thick, interpreted as depositional lobes deposited in the outer fan environment. Peripheral parts of the depositional lobes contain abundant trace fossils of Cruziana and Nereites ichnofacies. Anomalous, along-strike persistent occurrence of the proximal, coarse grained clastics and olistoliths at the base of the Moravice Formation indicate a quick change in basin topography to take place approximately at the base of upper Viséan, governed presumably by a compressional tectonic pulse