Path loss model optimization for Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system in Malaysia

The study of this work is to develop an optimized path loss model for urban coverage in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system based on the existing models and empirical measurements. The Okumura’s model is chosen as a reference for optimized path loss model development based on the smallest mean relative error compared to the measured path loss. A new empirical model is developed from Okumura’s model and empirical measurements by regression fitting method. Okumura’s model will be optimized by using this new empirical model to achieve the smallest mean relative error. The optimized Okumura’s model is implemented in the path loss calculation during the validation process. It is found to be more accurate with up to 6.67% smaller mean relative error obtained. Thus, this optimized Okumura’s model is successfully improved and would be more reliable to be applied in the Malaysia CDMA system for urban path loss calculation