Production of Korean Case Particles in an English-Korean Bilingual Child with Specific Language Impairment: A Preliminary Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of Korean case particles in a Korean-English bilingual child with specific language impairment (SLI). The child\u27s production of four types of Korean case particles were compared to those of three typically developing children during probe and storytelling tasks. The Korean-English bilingual child with SLI produced the vocative and the nominative for person case particles similar to children matched on age and mean length of utterance (MLU). He produced the nominative for object and accusative case particles similar to the MLU-matched child but exhibited lower performance than that of his age-matched peers. The results suggest that longer duration of Korean case particles in the phrase-final position may provide perceptual salience and not pose particular difficulty for the Korean-English bilingual with SLI. Frequent omission of the accusative by the child with SLI and his MLU-matched peer, however, supports the argument that frequency effect in linguistic input influences morphological development. (Contains 6 tables and 1 figure.

Real and Financial Integration in East Asia

We examine the real and financial integration of East Asian economies, comparing the degree of real versus financial integration, the degree of global versus regional integration, and the extent of integration before versus after the 1997/98 financial crisis in East Asian economies. We analyze price and quantity measures of integration such as the size of intra- and inter-regional trade, cross-border financial assets, correlation of stock returns, and interest rate differentials. In addition, we adopt a panel VAR approach of investigating cross-country output inter-dependence and consumption relation in order to infer the macroeconomic consequences of real and financial integration on East Asian economies. The empirical investigations suggest that (i) using the quantity measure there is a significant increase in real integration within East Asia; (ii) real-side integration based on output linkage increased substantially after the Asian crisis, both regionally and globally; (iii) although quantity and price measures showed some degree of increased financial integration after the crisis, the cross-country consumption relation did not change much; (iv) the degree of regional financial integration within Asia is far smaller than the degree of global financial integration, based on the consumption-based measure; and (v) financial integration lags real integration, especially for regional integration within Asia.Trade and financial integration; global and regional integration; risk sharing; East Asia

Friendship Between a Child with Disabilities and Peers without Disabilities in an Inclusive Setting in Elementary Schools in South Korea

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Researching higher education as students' academic self-formation

Higher education as student self-formation is an emerging concept that foregrounds students’ reflexive agency in determining what higher education is. Although self-formation has drawn considerable attention and agreement within the field, its embryonic research programme needs further conceptual development and empirical exploration. This working paper draws on an ongoing research project that aims to elaborate the self-formation framework, centring on two research questions: (a) what is higher education as academic self-formation? (b) How do students engage in academic self-formation in local and international higher education? This paper introduces a possible way of researching self-formation and presents preliminary findings about students’ exercise of reflexive agency in the process of their academic self-formation. By following Margaret Archer’s theory of human agency, a morphogenetic research design was devised. Empirical data from South Korean students and conceptual data from psychology are integrated to examine a series of hypotheses of students’ reflexive agency; adoption of personal projects, active relationship with the environment/structure, and self-reflexivity. The study offers methodological and conceptual contributions to the research of self-formation, and the preliminary findings provide novel insights into higher education as academic self-formation

Theoretical triangulation of academic self-formation: nine critical literature reviews and emerging questions

This paper presents conceptual research that gathers, evaluates, and synthesises existing theories or concepts pertaining to students’ academic self-formation in higher education, as part of a doctoral project on that topic (Lee, 2021; 2023; 2024). The author conducted a series of critical literature reviews (Snyder, 2019) on different but related topics, resulting in nine conceptual essays bearing on aspects of academic self-formation. Each essay has four elements: (1) rationale for the focus on the concepts/theories; (2) what they tell us about the conditions, resources, and results of student self-formation; (3) how the self-formation approach reciprocally expands upon the selected concepts/theories; and (4) emerging questions or unresolved matters necessitating further exploration for a more thorough comprehension of academic selfformation. The essays presented in this paper contribute multiple and hybrid perspectives for theoretical reflection (Sayer, 1992) or theoretical triangulation (Denzin, 2012) of the phenomenon of academic self-formation. The paper extends the discussion in a previous CGHE working paper on the same topic (Lee, 2021)

Regional and Global Financial Integration in East Asia

We examine the degree of regional vs. global financial integration of East Asian countries in three ways; (1) comparing the size of cross-border assets such as securities and bank claims, (2) estimating the gravity model of bilateral financial asset holdings, and (3) estimating consumption risk sharing model. The results suggest that East Asian financial markets, particularly compared to the European ones, are relatively less integrated with each other than to global markets. We also find relatively more evidence of regional financial integration in bank claim markets than portfolio asset markets. The low financial integration within East Asia is attributed to the low incentives for portfolio diversification within the region, the low degree of development and deregulation of financial markets, and the instability in monetary and exchange rate regime.Regional financial integration; Global financial integration; East Asia

Emerging Asia: Decoupling or Recoupling

In this paper, we investigate the degree of real economic interdependence between emerging Asia and major industrial countries to shed light on the heated debate over the “decoupling” of emerging Asia. We first document the evolution of macroeconomic interdependence for emerging Asian economies through changing trade and financial linkages at both the regional and global levels. Then, by employing a panel vector autoregression (VAR) model, we estimate the degree of real economic interdependence before and after the 1997/98 Asian financial crisis. Empirical findings show that real economic interdependence increased significantly in the post-crisis period, suggesting “recoupling”, rather than decoupling, in recent years. Output shocks from major industrial countries have a significant positive effect on emerging Asian economies. More interestingly, the reverse is also true. Output shocks from emerging Asia (and the People’s Republic of China [PRC]) have a significant positive effect on output in major industrial countries. The result suggests that macroeconomic interdependence between emerging Asia and industrial countries has become “bi-directional,” defying the traditional notion of the “North–South relationship” as one of “uni-directional" dependence.Regional integration; decoupling; macroeconomic interdependence; trade and financial market linkages; VAR

Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Special Forces in the ROK Army

The unconventional nature of the working environments and tasks of the ROK Army Special Forces (“Special Forces”), as compared to regular army forces, means that Special Forces’ organizational performance is largely influenced by their behavioral patterns and mindset. This study examines the organizational citizenship behavior of Special Forces to enhance their organizational performance. Specifically, this study seeks to investigate the causal path of organizational citizenship behavior and its factors, self-leadership, and trust in the supervisor. Data was collected from Special Forces based in the Seoul metropolitan area during a two-month period, from June to July 2013. A total of 650 questionnaires were distributed, of which 647 were returned. Using 638 questionnaires, excluding those that were unresponsive or filled out incompletely, frequency analysis, reliability and factor analysis, correlation analysis, and path analysis were performed using the SPSS 19.0 and AMOS 19.0 software packages. The results showed that Special Forces’ self-leadership had a significant effect on trust in the supervisor and organizational citizenship behavior, and trust in the supervisor had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between self-leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. Accordingly, this study posits that to enhance Special Forces’ organizational citizenship behavior, it is important to strengthen their self-leadership and trust in the supervisor

Real and Financial Integration in East Asia

We examine the real and financial integration of East Asian economies, comparing the degree of real versus financial integration, the degree of global versus regional integration, and the extent of integration before versus after the 1997/98 financial crisis in East Asian economies. We analyze price and quantity measures of integration such as the size of intra- and inter-regional trade, cross-border financial assets, correlation of stock returns, and interest rate differentials. In addition, we adopt a panel VAR approach of investigating cross-country output inter-dependence and consumption relation in order to infer the macroeconomic consequences of real and financial integration on East Asian economies. The empirical investigations suggest that (i) using the quantity measure there is a significant increase in real integration within East Asia; (ii) real-side integration based on output linkage increased substantially after the Asian crisis, both regionally and globally; (iii) although quantity and price measures showed some degree of increased financial integration after the crisis, the cross-country consumption relation did not change much; (iv) the degree of regional financial integration within Asia is far smaller than the degree of global financial integration, based on the consumption-based measure; and (v) financial integration lags real integration, especially for regional integration within Asia

Analysis of the issues that emerged in the revision of the national social studies curriculum in South Korea: Text mining and semantic network analysis of the comments at the public hearing on YouTube

In South Korea, curriculum is revised, made public and implemented under a system known as a nation led curriculum. The South Korean national curriculum was completely revised 10 times between 1946 and 2015. At present, a complete revision is underway to replace the current 2015 national curriculum which is called the 2022 revised national curriculum. This study aims to analyze stakeholders’ responses to the YouTube public hearing   on social studies curriculum according to the 2022 revised national curriculum in South Korea in order to understand the context and causes of the issues that emerged. Text mining, semantic network analysis and word cloud techniques were employed to identify issues. As a result, three issues were identified in the social studies curriculum: the balanced development of general elective subjects in high school; the separation of social sciences and geography and division of textbooks in middle school social studies and the separate listing of four subjects, specifically geography, social sciences, history and morals. The issues revealed in this study provide beneficial implications for future social studies curriculum development, revision as well as the development of future research