Analysis of the Impact of Decreasing the Width of Direct Stairs in Apartments on RSET for All Occupants in Korea

This study analyzed the RSETs for 11-story or less apartments where the building-related laws were not retroactively applied, with consideration of the decrease of direct stairs width due to obstacles piled up on the direct stairs. The RSET was shown to be 631.8 seconds when the width of the direct stairs was 1,260mm. The evacuation time exceeded 5 minutes even when there were no obstacles due to the delayed evacuation start time. The risk increased when the width of the direct stairs was decreased to 960mm, 760mm, and 560mm because of obstacles, and the RSETs were 768.8 seconds, 803.3 seconds, and 834.4 seconds respectively. There are various ways to eliminate the occurrence of obstacles on direct stairs which increase RSET : First, it is necessary to remove the exception that permits the placement of obstacles on the stairs. Second, penalties for the placement of obstacles on the direct stairs should be enforced as written. Third, the fire safety managers need the authority to act on behalf of the fire officials. Lastly, it is necessary to encourage residents to report instances of obstacle accumulation. Henceforth, more research is needed on the spread speed of smoke and toxic gases depending on whether fire doors are installed through fire simulation

The Effect of Negative Buyer Feedback on Prices in Internet Auction Markets

The success of the Internet economy depends largely on how parties establish trust in their transactions. Building on the premise that the major role of Internet intermediaries is to ensure efficient and safe transactions between buyers and sellers, this study tested how buyer’s feedback scores on sellers accumulated from previous transactions affect the final bidding prices in the electronic auction market

Analysis of the Impact of Decreasing the Width of Direct Stairs in Apartments on RSET for All Occupants in Korea

This study analyzed the RSETs for 11-story or less apartments where the building-related laws were not retroactively applied, with consideration of the decrease of direct stairs width due to obstacles piled up on the direct stairs. The RSET was shown to be 631.8 seconds when the width of the direct stairs was 1,260mm. The evacuation time exceeded 5 minutes even when there were no obstacles due to the delayed evacuation start time. The risk increased when the width of the direct stairs was decreased to 960mm, 760mm, and 560mm because of obstacles, and the RSETs were 768.8 seconds, 803.3 seconds, and 834.4 seconds respectively. There are various ways to eliminate the occurrence of obstacles on direct stairs which increase RSET : First, it is necessary to remove the exception that permits the placement of obstacles on the stairs. Second, penalties for the placement of obstacles on the direct stairs should be enforced as written. Third, the fire safety managers need the authority to act on behalf of the fire officials. Lastly, it is necessary to encourage residents to report instances of obstacle accumulation. Henceforth, more research is needed on the spread speed of smoke and toxic gases depending on whether fire doors are installed through fire simulation

Early Events in Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection: Viral Entry

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne zoonotic flavivirus, is an enveloped positive-strand RNA virus that can cause a spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild febrile illness to severe neuroinvasive disease. Today, several killed and live vaccines are available in different parts of the globe for use in humans to prevent JEV-induced diseases, yet no antivirals are available to treat JEV-associated diseases. Despite the progress made in vaccine research and development, JEV is still a major public health problem in southern, eastern, and southeastern Asia, as well as northern Oceania, with the potential to become an emerging global pathogen. In viral replication, the entry of JEV into the cell is the first step in a cascade of complex interactions between the virus and target cells that is required for the initiation, dissemination, and maintenance of infection. Because this step determines cell/tissue tropism and pathogenesis, it is a promising target for antiviral therapy. JEV entry is mediated by the viral glycoprotein E, which binds virions to the cell surface (attachment), delivers them to endosomes (endocytosis), and catalyzes the fusion between the viral and endosomal membranes (membrane fusion), followed by the release of the viral genome into the cytoplasm (uncoating). In this multistep process, a collection of host factors are involved. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the viral and cellular components involved in JEV entry into host cells, with an emphasis on the initial virus-host cell interactions on the cell surface

Field Methods 2011-09-26

Field Session w Brianna and Sang-Imecorder: Marantz Professional PMD 660, microphone: Audio-Technica ATM 75Recorded at Department of Linguistics, New York University, 10 Washington Place, New York, NY 1000

Field Session 2011-11-14

reduplicationecorder: Marantz Professional PMD 660, microphone: Audio-Technica ATM 75Recorded at Department of Linguistics, New York University, 10 Washington Place, New York, NY 1000

Field sessions 2011-09-19

We aimed to look at some voicing contrast in Kazakh. We also elicit words to decide the vowel inventory.ecorder: Marantz Professional PMD 660, microphone: Audio-Technica ATM 75Recorded at Department of Linguistics, New York University, 10 Washington Place, New York, NY 1000

Field Session 2011-11-07

We elicited the embedded question sentenced and reduplication of the numerals.ecorder: Marantz Professional PMD 660, microphone: Audio-Technica ATM 75Recorded at Department of Linguistics, New York University, 10 Washington Place, New York, NY 1000

Field Session 2011-11-07

We elicited the embedded question sentenced and reduplication of the numerals.ecorder: Marantz Professional PMD 660, microphone: Audio-Technica ATM 75Recorded at Department of Linguistics, New York University, 10 Washington Place, New York, NY 1000

Field Methods 2011-09-26

Field Session w Brianna and Sang-Imecorder: Marantz Professional PMD 660, microphone: Audio-Technica ATM 75Recorded at Department of Linguistics, New York University, 10 Washington Place, New York, NY 1000