9 research outputs found

    La régulation de l’ingestion volontaire chez le porc : rôle du métabolisme

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    La dynamique d’ingestion chez le porc est régulée par différents mécanismes physiologiques (hormones,métabolismes, transit digestif, microbiote) (Nyachoti, et al., 2004). Les interrelations entre ces différents volets de régulations sont encore mal connues. Les régulations hormonales interagissent fortement avec lesconcentrations sanguines des nutriments et les variations du statut énergétique. Ce statut énergétique est étudié à travers la production de chaleur, le quotient respiratoire et le taux d’oxydation des nutriments. L’introduction de fibres dans l’aliment peut modifier les dynamiques d’ingestion et le métabolisme énergétique.Cette étude a eu pour objectif de comparer le comportement alimentaire et le métabolisme énergétique deporcs nourris ad libitum avec deux régimes différant par leur teneur en fibres évaluée par l’analyse du NDF (13 vs 18%). L’expérimentation a été réalisée avec 14 porcs d’un poids vif moyen de 38 kg qui ont été placésindividuellement dans une chambre respiratoire afin de mesurer leur production de chaleur et ses composantes dues au métabolisme basal, à l’activité physique et à l’effet thermique du repas. Le quotient respiratoire, le comportement alimentaire et l’évolution post-prandiale de la concentration sanguine de différents métabolites ont aussi été mesurés. Les porcs ont reçu une injection par voie intraveineuse de U-13C-glucose au moment d’un repas volontaire et la récupération du 13C dans le CO2 expiré pendant 24 heures a été mesuré, afin d’estimer la dynamique d’oxydation des glucides alimentaires.L’apport de fibres dans le régime n’a pas modifié significativement la consommation journalière des porcs (1720 g). Le comportement alimentaire n’est pas modifié significativement par le régime à haute teneur en fibres : le nombre de repas moyen par jour est de 10, l’ingéré par repas est de 192 g en moyenne et la durée moyenne d’un repas est de 9 minutes. Les régimes modifient les cinétiques des métabolites. Pour exemple, l’aire sous la courbe pour le glucose diminue de 6% avec le régime à haute teneur en fibres. Ce régime n’impacte pas la production de chaleur (1391 kJ/kg PV0.60/jour) mais semble modifier la répartition de celle-ci entre les différentes composantes. Des corrélations entre production de chaleur, concentrations sanguines de métabolites et oxydation de nutriments seront faites, en lien avec le comportement alimentaire et la composition de l’aliment

    Join dynamics of voluntary feed intake, glycaemia and insulinaemia in ad libitum fed pigs

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    Short term regulation of voluntary feed intake depends on energy status of the animal. The latter can be assessed by plasma metabolite concentrations but lipogenesis and nutrient oxidation can also modify the respiratory quotient. This study aims to link the within-day dynamics of voluntary feed intake and those of blood metabolites in pigs fed ad libitum. Thirty-six pigs (mean BW 35 kg) were fed 6 diets with 2 levels of dietary fibre (13 or 18% NDF for LF and HF by addition of wheat bran, soybean hulls and sugar beet pulp) and 3 levels of aleurone (0, 0.2, or 0.4% for A0, A2 or A4, respectively). After a 2-week adaptation period, they were individually housed during 1 week in respiration chamber to measure feeding behaviour and gas exchanges. On the last day, the dynamics of blood metabolites was followed between 2 voluntary meals. Total feed intake was not modified by HF diet (1,452 g DM) but decreased with aleurone supplementation (-270 g/d for A4 vs A0; P<0.01). Daily heat production (1.37 MJ/kg BW0.60/day) and respiratory quotient (1.13) were not modified by diets. The HF diet resulted in less but heavier meals compared with LF diet (8.2 meals per d of 178 g DM vs 9.4 meals of 150 g, P<0.01). Aleurone supplementation decreased daily number of meals (-1.5 for A4 vs A0, P<0.01). Pre-meal plasmatic glucose concentration tended to decrease with HF diet (-7%) and pre-meal insulin concentration tended to increase with aleurone (3.8 vs 6.9 ÎĽU/ ml for A0 vs A2). During the first hour after the meal, glucose concentration was lower with HF compared with LF (P<0.01). Inter-individual variability of glucose profiles was important and glycaemia peaks ranged from 100 to 150% of the pre-meal level. Insulin and glucose profiles agreed and insulin profiles linked with the size of the first meal (P<0.01). To conclude, dynamics of voluntary feed intake cannot be explained only by profiles of glucose and insulin in ad libitum fed pigs

    Join dynamics of voluntary feed intake, glycaemia and insulinaemia in ad libitum fed pigs

    No full text
    Short term regulation of voluntary feed intake depends on energy status of the animal. The latter can be assessed by plasma metabolite concentrations but lipogenesis and nutrient oxidation can also modify the respiratory quotient. This study aims to link the within-day dynamics of voluntary feed intake and those of blood metabolites in pigs fed ad libitum. Thirty-six pigs (mean BW 35 kg) were fed 6 diets with 2 levels of dietary fibre (13 or 18% NDF for LF and HF by addition of wheat bran, soybean hulls and sugar beet pulp) and 3 levels of aleurone (0, 0.2, or 0.4% for A0, A2 or A4, respectively). After a 2-week adaptation period, they were individually housed during 1 week in respiration chamber to measure feeding behaviour and gas exchanges. On the last day, the dynamics of blood metabolites was followed between 2 voluntary meals. Total feed intake was not modified by HF diet (1,452 g DM) but decreased with aleurone supplementation (-270 g/d for A4 vs A0; P<0.01). Daily heat production (1.37 MJ/kg BW0.60/day) and respiratory quotient (1.13) were not modified by diets. The HF diet resulted in less but heavier meals compared with LF diet (8.2 meals per d of 178 g DM vs 9.4 meals of 150 g, P<0.01). Aleurone supplementation decreased daily number of meals (-1.5 for A4 vs A0, P<0.01). Pre-meal plasmatic glucose concentration tended to decrease with HF diet (-7%) and pre-meal insulin concentration tended to increase with aleurone (3.8 vs 6.9 ÎĽU/ ml for A0 vs A2). During the first hour after the meal, glucose concentration was lower with HF compared with LF (P<0.01). Inter-individual variability of glucose profiles was important and glycaemia peaks ranged from 100 to 150% of the pre-meal level. Insulin and glucose profiles agreed and insulin profiles linked with the size of the first meal (P<0.01). To conclude, dynamics of voluntary feed intake cannot be explained only by profiles of glucose and insulin in ad libitum fed pigs
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