Cœuré S., Pierre Pascal. La Russie entre christianisme et communisme

Fin connaisseur de Dostoevskij, traducteur infatigable, grand professeur, Pierre Pascal (1890-1983) est une figure de proue de la slavistique française du XXe siècle. Depuis qu’il avait publié ses journaux intimes dans les années 1970, on savait aussi qu’il avait été un témoin privilégié de la révolution russe et que son importance ne se bornait pas à ses mérites scientifiques. Si Georges Nivat et François Furet lui avaient consacré quelques belles pages, l’homme conservait toutefois une part..

Ray M. Douglas, Les expulsés

La géographie humaine de l’Europe centrale et orientale subit de profondes transformations au cours des années qui suivirent la Seconde Guerre mondiale. La modification des frontières de nombreux États provoqua d’importants transferts de populations : Polonais des Confins, Ukrainiens de Petite Pologne, Italiens d’Istrie et surtout les millions d’Allemands ethniques établis depuis des siècles en dehors des frontières actuelles de la République fédérale d’Allemagne. De 1945 au début des années ..

Timothy Snyder, Le prince rouge. Les vies secrètes d’un archiduc de Habsbourg

L’Ukraine est depuis longtemps au centre des préoccupations de Timothy Snyder. En 2003, l’historien américain lui avait consacré plusieurs chapitres de sa Reconstruction of Nations. Deux ans plus tard, il récidivait avec Sketches from a Secret War. Cette région constitue enfin l’épicentre des Bloodlands: Europe between Hitler and Stalin qui ont inspiré à ce fin connaisseur de l’Europe centrale et orientale un ouvrage bouleversant. Elle est aussi l’un des leitmotivs du Prince rouge. Paru en an..

M.-M. de Cevins, E. Csukovits, O. Marin, M. Nejedlý, P. Wiszewski (éd.), Démystifier l’Europe centrale. Bohême, Hongrie et Pologne du VIIe au XVIe siècle, Passés/Composés, Paris 2021, pp. 993.

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Myriam Anissimov, Vassili Grossman. Un écrivain de combat

Vassili Grossman a longtemps été un communiste sincère et convaincu. Né en 1905 à Berdičev en Ukraine dans une famille de la bourgeoisie juive assimilée, l’écrivain a très tôt adhéré à la vision du monde soviétique. Ses premiers ouvrages de fiction, publiés dans les années 1930 et inspirés par son expérience d’ingénieur dans une mine du Donbass – Grossman avait étudié la chimie à l’université de Moscou – sont autant d’hymnes à l’industrialisation de l’Union soviétique et recueillent l’approba..

Cœuré S., Pierre Pascal. La Russie entre christianisme et communisme

Fin connaisseur de Dostoevskij, traducteur infatigable, grand professeur, Pierre Pascal (1890-1983) est une figure de proue de la slavistique française du XXe siècle. Depuis qu’il avait publié ses journaux intimes dans les années 1970, on savait aussi qu’il avait été un témoin privilégié de la révolution russe et que son importance ne se bornait pas à ses mérites scientifiques. Si Georges Nivat et François Furet lui avaient consacré quelques belles pages, l’homme conservait toutefois une part..

A conative educational model for an intervention program in obese youth

Background Obesity in children has increased in recent years throughout the world and is associated with adverse health consequences. Early interventions, including appropriate pedagogy strategies, are important for a successful intervention program. The aim of this study was to assess changes in body mass index, the ability to perform sport activities, behavior in the classroom and academic performance following one year of a health-wellness intervention program in obese youth. Methods The CEMHaVi program included 37 obese children (19 girls and 18 boys). Participants received an intervention program consisting of physical activity and health education. Assessment included body mass index, academic performance, classroom performance and ability to perform sport activities. Paired t tests were used to assess the effects of intervention, and chi square was used to assess inter-action between measures. Results Findings of the study suggest significant decrease in Z scores of Body Mass Index and an improvement of academic performance, classroom behavior and the ability to perform sport activities (p \u3c 0.05). Chi square testing showed significant positive inter-actions between body mass index, classroom behavior and academic performance. Conclusions Results following year one of CEMHaVi showed that a program of physical activity and health education had positive effects on obesity, behavior in the classroom and the ability to perform sport activities in obese adolescents. Significant inter-action in changes between variables was observed. Findings are important for designing intervention models to improve health in obese youth

Comparison of two ActiGraph accelerometer generations in the assessment of physical activity in free living conditions.

International audienceUNLABELLED: ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare physical activity measured using GT1M ActiGraph and GT3X ActiGraph accelerometers in free living conditions. FINDINGS: Twenty-five adults wore GT1M and GT3X Actigraph accelerometers simultaneously during a typical weekday of activity. Data were uploaded from the monitor to a computer at the end of test (one day). Previously established thresholds were used for defining time spent at each level of physical activity, physical activity was assessed at varying intensities comparing data from the two accelerometers by ANOVA and Bland and Altman statistical analysis. The concordance correlation coefficient between accelerometers at each intensity level was 0.99. There were no significant differences between accelerometers at any of the activity levels. Differences between data obtained in minutes with the GT1M accelerometer and the GT3X monitor were to 0.56, 0.36, 0.52 and 0.44% for sedentary, light, moderate and vigorous, respectively. The Bland and Altman method showed good agreement between data obtained for the two accelerometers. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that the two accelerometers provided similar results and therefore the GT3X may be used in clinical and epidemiological studies without additional calibration or validation studies

Validation of the Vivago Wrist-Worn accelerometer in the assessment of physical activity

BACKGROUND: Most accelerometers are worn around the waist (hip or lower back) to assess habitual physical activity. Wrist-worn accelerometers may be an alternative to the waist-worn monitors and may improve compliance in studies with prolonged wear. The aim of this study was to validate the Vivago® Wrist-Worn Accelerometer at various intensities of physical activity (PA) in adults. METHODS: Twenty-one healthy adults aged 20–34 years were recruited for the study. Accelerometer data and oxygen uptake (VO(2)) were measured at sedentary, light, moderate and vigorous levels of PA. RESULTS: Activity categories and accelerometer counts were: sedentary, 0–15 counts·min(−1); light, 16–40 counts·min(−1); moderate, 41–85 counts·min(−1); and vigorous activity, >; 85 counts·min(−1). ANOVA repeated measures was used to determine the relationship between accelerometry data output and oxygen consumption (r = .89; p <; .001). The Bland and Altman method showed good agreement in the assessment of energy expenditure between the indirect calorimetry and the data obtained by the accelerometer. CONCLUSIONS: Results of the study suggest that the Vivago® wrist-worn accelerometer is a valid measure of PA at varying levels of intensity. The study has also defined threshold values at 4 intensities and hence te Vivago® accelerometer may be used to quantify PA in free living conditions among adults. This device has possible application in treating a variety of important health concerns

Changes in physical activity patterns from adolescence to young adulthood: the BELINDA study

Physical activity (PA) is recognized as a marker of health. The aim was to investigate PA differences from adolescence to young adulthood. European adolescents included in the HELENA study were invited to participate in a follow-up study, 10 years later. The present study included 141 adults (25.0 ± 1.4 years) for whom valid accelerometer data were available in adolescence and adulthood. Changes in PA by sex, weight and maternal education level were explored with interactions. Time spent in sedentary activity, light PA (LPA) and moderate PA (MPA) increased by 39.1, 59.6 and 6.6 min/day, respectively, whereas the time spent in vigorous PA (VPA) decreased by 11.3 min/day compared with adolescent VPA (p < 0.05). Increases in MPA were greater on weekends compared with weekdays, but we found a greater decrease in VPA on weekdays compared with weekends. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) decreased significantly on weekdays (–9.6 min/day; 95%CI, –15.9 to –3.4), while it increased on weekends (8.4 min/day; 95%CI, 1.9 to 14.8). Significant heterogeneity was found across sexes for VPA and MVPA, with a stronger decrease in VPA in males compared with females and a significant decrease in MVPA (–12.5 min/day; 95%CI, –20.4 to –4.5) in males but not in females (1.9 min/day; 95%CI, –5.5 to 9.2). No significant heterogeneity was found to be linked to maternal education level or weight, irrespective of PA level. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the transition from adolescence to young adulthood is a critical period for lifestyle PA habits. A decline in VPA and an increasingly sedentary time were observed. The observed changes are worrying and may increase the risk of developing adverse health consequences later in life