PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN DIABETES MELLITUS: THE ROLE OF ASPIRIN

The review presents modern national and international evidence on aspirin therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus. The results of multi-centre studies which investigated aspirin effects on cardiovascular complication risk among diabetic patients are analysed. The modern guidelines on aspirin therapy in diabetes mellitus are discussed

Systemic ATTR-amyloidosis, a Rare Form of Internal Organ Damage

The article presents the case report of a rare hereditary form of systemic ATTR-amyloidosis in Russian patient with a discussion of approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this form, also based on the own experience in the management of such patients. Modern ideas about the pathogenesis of the disease as well as detailed information about the clinical manifestations of amyloid cardiopathy and of other organs are presented. The nature of structural and hemodynamic changes in the heart is discussed on the basis of experience, including own, ultrasound examination of the heart in patients with amyloidosis, especially the article focuses the reader's attention on the true infiltrative nature of transtiretin amyloid cardiopathy in contrast to AL-amyloidosis, in which there is a significant inflammatory component that determines a more unfavorable natural course of AL-amyloidosis of the heart. The article discusses the differential diagnosis of different types of amyloidosis, the diagnostic difficulties associated with weak congophilia of transtiretin amyloidosis and at the same time substantiates the need for morphological verification of the diagnosis. Modern methods of treatment of ATTR-amyloidosis are discussed

Poultry salmonella sensitivity to antibiotics

The objects of study were microorganisms, isolated from pathological material of chicken breeds "RoSS 208" and "Luong Phuong"; ducklings breeds "C. V. super M" and a "Khaki Campbell"; quails breed "Coturnix". In 499 samples of the birds material we discovered 153 microorganisms cultures of the genus Salmonella, which were 30.66 % of the total number of selected microorganisms cultures, including S. typhimurium - 60 (39.22 %) strains; S. albany - 32 (of 20.92 %); S. enteritidis - 20 (13.07 %); S. hadar - 9 (5.88%); S. agona and S. thompson - 5 (3.27 %); S. indiana - 4 (2.61 %); S. heidelberg, S. mbandaka and S. shalkwijk - 3 (1.96 %); S. give - 2 (1.31 %); S. derby and S. havana - 1 (0.65 %); other serovar - 5 (3.27 %). It was found that 70.0 % of the studied strains were sensitive to drugs of the fluoroquinolone group (nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin), 66.67 % - cephalosporins (ceftazidim). 83.33 % of strains were resistant to tetracycline drugs (tetracycline); 63.33 % - β-lactams (ampicillin); 56.67 % - aminoglycosides (gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin); 46.67 % - sulfonamides (trimethoprim). The minimum inhibitory concentration ("MIC") were established at the intersection of the growth suppression zone and the test strip "E-test": ampicillin-512 μg/ml; tetracycline - 64 μg/ml; gentamicin - 2 μg/ml; ciprofloxacin - 1 μg/ml; norfloxacin - 0.38 μg/ml and ceftazidim - 0.19 μg/ml. The amplitude values ranged from 0.019 μg/ml to 512 μg/ml. © Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved

Evaluation of the short-term efficacy and safety of biological agents in different rheumatic diseases: a multidisciplinary therapeutic hospital"s experience

There has been a substantial expansion in the possibilities of current therapy for rheumatic diseases (RD) primarily due to the use of genetically engineered biological agents (GEBA). Objective: to evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of GEBA in patients with different RD. Subjects and methods. The trial included all RD patients receiving GEBA: rituximab (RTM), infliximab (INF), adalimumab, etanercept, tocilizumab, abatacept in 2009-2012. Therapeutic efficiency and safety were evaluated 6 months later. The effect of GEBA was determined as “remission”, “improvement”, and “no response”, by using the parameters peculiar to specific diseases (such as BVAS, DAS28, BASDAI). Results. The trial enrolled 107 patients (49 men and 58 women; mean age 41.5 years) with rheumatoid arthritis (n=34), ANCA-associated vasculitis (n = 34), systemic lupus erythematosus (n=16), cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (n=11), ankylosing spondyloarthritis (n = 8), systemic vasculitis with large artery involvement (n=6), and other RD. All the cases showed severe systemic autoimmune disease refractory to standard immunosuppressive therapy. RTM (n=66) and INF (n = 31) were most frequently used. The high rate of RTM prescription was due to the fact that this drug was given to all patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and cryoglobulinemic vasculitis who totaled more than half of the patients included into the trial. The vast majority of them received GEBA for the first time. After the treatment, there was remission in 62 (57.9%) and improvement in 42 (39.3%) cases. Mild or moderate adverse reactions were observed in 22 (20.6%) patients and severe ones were seen in 6 (5.6%). Conclusion. GEBA therapy ensures a significant improvement in a substantial proportion of patients with different RD refractory to standard immunosuppressive therapy