Heterarchical SFCS??? ?????? ICPL ????????? ?????? ??????

This paper deals with the design and development of a real-time integrated communication architecture for heterarchical SFCS(Shop Floor Control System). In autonomous agent-based heterarchical SFCS, each functional unit of parts and resources is equipped with an intelligent controller (agent) that acts as the representative of the entity. The controllers communicate and negotiate with other controllers on a real-time basis through message passing and bidding protocol to achieve mutual agreements for task sharing. ICPL(Integrated Communication Protocol and Language) is proposed for this purpose. ICPL is a language and a protocol for supporting communication among intelligent controllers. Based on the speech act theory, this paper proposes a semantic description for ICPL that associates the description of the cognitive states of controllers with the use of language primitives (message_type). Semantics for the basic set of ICPL messages is described. Eventually, an ICPL-based communication architecture can provide the implementation of the distributed and heterarchical SFCS, and makes the intelligent controller transparent to the negotiation problem.clos

A Therapeutic Nanovaccine that Generates Anti-Amyloid Antibodies and Amyloid-specific Regulatory T Cells for Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is a complex condition characterized by multiple pathophysiological mechanisms including amyloid-beta (A beta) plaque accumulation and neuroinflammation in the brain. The current immunotherapy approaches, such as anti-A beta monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy, A beta vaccines, and adoptive regulatory T (Treg) cell transfer, target a single pathophysiological mechanism, which may lead to unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, A beta vaccines often induce T helper 1 (Th1) cell-mediated inflammatory responses. Here, a nanovaccine composed of lipid nanoparticles loaded with A beta peptides and rapamycin is developed, which targets multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, exhibits the combined effects of anti-A beta antibody therapy and adoptive A beta-specific Treg cell transfer, and can overcome the limitations of current immunotherapy approaches for AD. The Nanovaccine effectively delivers rapamycin and A beta peptides to dendritic cells, produces both anti-A beta antibodies and A beta-specific Treg cells, removes A beta plaques in the brain, alleviates neuroinflammation, prevents Th1 cell-mediated excessive immune responses, and inhibits cognitive impairment in mice. The nanovaccine shows higher efficacy in cognitive recovery than an A beta vaccine. Unlike anti-A beta mAb therapy and adoptive Treg cell transfer, both of which require complicated and costly manufacturing processes, the nanovaccine is easy-to-prepare and cost-effective. The nanovaccines can represent a novel treatment option for AD.N