Common, low-frequency, rare, and ultra-rare coding variants contribute to COVID-19 severity

The combined impact of common and rare exonic variants in COVID-19 host genetics is currently insufficiently understood. Here, common and rare variants from whole-exome sequencing data of about 4000 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals were used to define an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting COVID-19 severity. First, variants were converted into separate sets of Boolean features, depending on the absence or the presence of variants in each gene. An ensemble of LASSO logistic regression models was used to identify the most informative Boolean features with respect to the genetic bases of severity. The Boolean features selected by these logistic models were combined into an Integrated PolyGenic Score that offers a synthetic and interpretable index for describing the contribution of host genetics in COVID-19 severity, as demonstrated through testing in several independent cohorts. Selected features belong to ultra-rare, rare, low-frequency, and common variants, including those in linkage disequilibrium with known GWAS loci. Noteworthily, around one quarter of the selected genes are sex-specific. Pathway analysis of the selected genes associated with COVID-19 severity reflected the multi-organ nature of the disease. The proposed model might provide useful information for developing diagnostics and therapeutics, while also being able to guide bedside disease management. © 2021, The Author(s)

Czerwinski, Ignatz 1050 10th Ave

Duplex at 1050 10th Avenue; 2438 S 15th StreetGrayscal

Waz., Mr A A

Branta-Rechlicz Furniture Co. at 581-585 Lincoln Avenue and M J Zalewski and Co Realtors, Great Lakes Building and Loan Association at 587 Lincoln Avenue.Grayscal

M Zawikowski

Stanley F Zawikowski grocery store at 1092 7th Avenue (now 2500 S 12th Street).Grayscal

St. Helen's Catholic School

St. Helen's Catholic School.Grayscal

Lukaszewicz; 909 Superior St

Stephen Lukaszewicz house at 909 Superior Street in Bay View (now 3111 S Superior Street).Grayscal

Strzempkoski Men's Outfitter

Strzempkoski's clothing store located at 543 Mitchell Street (now 1003 W Mitchell Street).Grayscal

Jablonski "Store Window"

Window display of the grocery store at 841 26th Avenue (now 2079 S 31st Street). Store owned by Anton Derdzinski.Grayscal

Mrs Tessner in center fourth from right. Building later became Sally's (Jocz) Millinery Store. Her husband in Company K-Martin Jocz-a founder of 2159

Tessner's Millinery and Beauty Shoppe at 995 8th Avenue (now 2335 S 13th Street).Grayscal

St. John Kanty's built at about 1910, S. 9th Place and Dakota

St. John Kanty's Church exterior.Grayscal