Fin Field Effect Transistors Performance in Analog and RF for High-k Dielectrics

The high-k is needed to replace SiO2 as the gate dielectric to reduce the gate leakage current. The impact of a high-k gate dielectric on the device short channel performance and scalability of nanoscale double gate Fin Field Effect Transistors (FinFET) CMOS is examined by 2-D device simulations. DG FinFETs are designed with high-k at the high performance node of the 2008 Semiconductor Industry Association International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). DG FinFET CMOS can be optimally designed to yield outstanding performance with good trade-offs between speed and power consumption as the gate length is scaled to < 10 nm. Using technology computer aided design (TCAD) tools a 2-D FinFET device is created and the simulations are performed on it. The optimum value of threshold voltage is identified as VT=0.653V with e=23(ZrO2) for the 2-D device structure. For the 2-D device structure, the leakage current has been reduced to 9.47´10-14 A. High-k improves the Ion/Ioff ratio of transistors for future high-speed logic applications and also improves the storage capability.Defence Science Journal, 2011, 61(3), pp.235-240, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.61.69

Simulation Results of Double Forward Converter

This work aims to find a better forward converter for DC to DC conversion.Simulation of double forward converter in SMPS system is discussed in this paper. Aforward converter with RCD snubber to synchronous rectifier and/or to current doubleris also discussed. The evolution of the forward converter is first reviewed in a tutorialfashion. Performance parameters are discussed including operating principle, voltageconversion ratio, efficiency, device stress, small-signal dynamics, noise and EMI. Itscircuit operation and its performance characteristics of the forward converter with RCDsnubber and double forward converter are described and the simulation results arepresented

Evaluation of Modal Damping of Graphite/ Epoxy Laminated Composites

The damping of an engineering structure is important in many aspects of noise and vibration control, fatigue endurance and so on, since it controls the amplitude of resonant vibration esponse. Damping in fiber-reinforced composite aterials is highly tailorable with respect to constituent roperties, fiber volume fractions and ply orientation angles.To this end an experimental analysis of the damping of unidirectional graphite reinforced epoxy composites was carried out. Damping characteristics of laminates are analysed experimentally using impulse technique. Composite laminate were made using the traditional hand-lay -up process. Experimental dynamic tests were carried out using specimens with different fiber orientations and three different boundary conditions and different thickness

Cognitive Radio Relay Network Performance Analysis by using Game Theory

Cognitive radio plays a vital role in wireless communication system. The cognitive radio consists of a transceiver which is used to check the availability of channel for communication and avoids busy channels by shifting into a unused channel. The scope for spectrum availability and area of coverage is increased by using cognitive radio. In cooperative cognitive relay network the primary traffic the primary users (PUs) will nominate some of the secondary users (SUs) as a relay. To make the secondary users co-operate with the primary user, primary user have to allocate some channel to the secondary user for data transmission. This significantly reduces the performance of the primary users and secondary users. Therefore, performance can be significantly increased by using MIMO in co-operative cognitive radio. By using beam forming technique in spatial domain over the multiple inputs multiple output antenna permits multiple data streams and suppression of interference. Using Nash Equilibrium (NE) to control the power among SUs, the PUs utilities and SUs utilities are obtained in MIMO-CCRN. By using MIMO technique the secondary users can co-operatively relay the data for the primary users while concurrently accessing the same channel to transmit its data. Time domain and spatial domains are examined to improve the efficiency of the spectrum for arranging the MIMO co-operative cognitive radio networks. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.16043

Web Proxy Cache Replacement Policies Using Decision Tree (DT) Machine Learning Technique for Enhanced Performance of Web Proxy

Web cache is a mechanism for the temporary storage (caching) of web documents, such as HTML pages and images, to reduce bandwidth usage, server load, and perceived lag. A web cache stores the copies of documents passing through it and any subsequent requests may be satisfied from the cache if certain conditions are met. In this paper, Decision Tree (DT ) a machine learning technique has been used to increase the performance of traditional Web proxy caching policies such as SIZE, and Hybrid. Decision Tree (DT) is used and integrated with traditional Web proxy caching techniques to form better caching approaches known as DT - SIZE and DT - Hybrid. The proposed approaches are evaluated by trace - driven simulation and compared with traditional Web proxy caching techniques. Experimental results have revealed that the proposed DT - SIZE and DT - Hybrid significantly increased Pure Hit - Ratio, Byte Hit - Ratio and reduced the latency when compared with SIZE and Hybrid

Detection of variations in precipitation at different time scales of twentieth century at three locations of Italy

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Synthesis of some 3-(2-substituted sulfanyl-imidazo [2,1-b][1,3,4] thiadiazol-6-yl)-chromen-2-one and its derivatives

454-458A series of 3-(2-substituted sulfanyl-imidazo [2,1-b][1,3,4] thiadiazol-6-yl)-chromen-2-ones (3) have been synthesized from 3-(2-bromo acetyl) chromen-2-ones 1 and 2-amino-5-thio substituted[1,3,4]thiadiazole 2 in anhydrous ethanol. The 7,8-benzo analogs of 3-(2-substituted sulfanyl-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4] thiadiazol-6-yl)-chromen-2-ones 5 have been synthesized under similar conditions. All the synthesized compounds have been characteriszed by analytical and spectral data

ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LUNG CANCER IN NON-SMOKERS: AN OVERVIEW

Lung cancer is the most frequent malignant tumour with the highest mortality rate around the world, leading to greater than a million deaths annually. The number of deaths due to lung cancer is expected to increase to ten million deaths per year in 2030. The major risk factor for the development of lung cancer is cigarette smoking but relatively high rates of lung cancer occur among non-smoking women and 10-25% of lung cancer observed in never smokers. The lung cancer deaths occur in never smokers have been estimated to be the 7th leading cause of cancer mortality. This article mainly discusses the important etiological factors of lung cancer in never smokers such as the environmental factors, occupational exposure, history of lung disease, family history and genetic factors, unbalanced diet and high consumption of saturated fat, radiation exposure, socioeconomic status, and infections. Gender, obesity and metabolic syndrome, race and ethnicity and interstitial lung diseases also have effects on the development of lung cancer in never smokers