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    Diagnostyka r贸偶nicowa: opis przypadku wola Riedla z cechami choroby Hashimoto

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    Riedel’s disease (RD) is a rare form of chronic thyroiditis, predominantly characterised by fibrosis which may involve neighbouring tissues and organs. Hashimoto’s disease (HD), on the other hand, is fairly common. Clinical differentiation between these diseases is often difficult, and the results of diagnostic imaging, laboratory tests and cytology studies are often similar. We report the case of a female patient with Riedel’s thyroiditis displaying clinical, laboratory and radiological traits of both diseases. A 44 year-old Caucasian female was diagnosed with hypothyroidism. A fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed; the findings were suggestive of an exacerbated chronic inflammatory process. However, a small lymphocyte-derived malignancy could not be ruled out with certainty, and so the patient was referred for elective thyroidectomy. The microscopic features of both specimens did not meet the criteria of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. The immunohistochemical studies revealed few scattered B lymphocytes (CD20 positive) and numerous scattered T lymphocytes (CD3 positive). Finally, Riedel’s thyroiditis with an intense inflammatory infiltrate composed of lymphocytes was diagnosed. Reaching a diagnosis was particularly difficult in this patient, since Riedel’s thyroiditis, the fibrosing form of Hashimoto’s disease and malignant tumours of the thyroid can show similar traits upon physical and histopathological examination. As the clinical data was indicative of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and there were partial histological criteria of two forms of thyroiditis, namely Hashimoto’s and Riedel’s, the very rare diagnosis of a combined disease was made. Dense B and T lymphocytes and some plasma cell infiltrates, as well as the destruction of thyroid follicles by fibrosis extending into surrounding tissues, were supportive of the eventual diagnosis. Differentiating between the histopathological and clinical presentation of both diseases in one patient is difficult, primarily due to the partial overlapping of their histopathological traits. In order to avoid a diagnostic error, close cooperation between the endocrinologist and pathologist is mandatory. It is our opinion that in our patient the two diseases existed separately, and their coexistence was most likely coincidental. (Pol J Endocrinol 2011; 62 (4): 351–356)Wole Riedla jest rzadk膮 postaci膮 przewlek艂ego zapalenia tarczycy, w kt贸rej dominuje w艂贸knienie mog膮ce obejmowa膰 s膮siednie tkanki. Choroba Hashimoto jest stosunkowo cz臋stym schorzeniem. R贸偶nicowanie tych schorze艅 bywa trudne, gdy偶 wyniki bada艅 laboratoryjnych, obrazowych i cytologicznych bywaj膮 podobne. Autorzy przedstawiaj膮 przypadek pacjentki z wolem Riedla prezentuj膮cym kliniczne, laboratoryjne i obrazowe cechy obu tych chor贸b. U 44-letniej kobiety rozpoznano niedoczynno艣膰 tarczycy. W preparatach z wykonanej biopsji aspiracyjnej cienkoig艂owej rozpoznano zaostrzony przewlek艂y proces zapalny, ale jednocze艣nie nie mo偶na by艂o wykluczy膰 ch艂oniaka. Pacjentk臋 poddano tyreoidektomii. W badaniu histopatologicznym nie potwierdzono jednoznacznie choroby Hashimoto. Badanie immunohistochemiczne wykaza艂o nieliczne limfocyty B (CD20) i liczne limfocyty T (CD3). Ostatecznie rozpoznano wole Riedla z naciekiem limfocytarnym. Diagnostyka u tej pacjentki by艂a utrudniona, gdy偶 wole Riedla, w艂贸kniej膮ca forma choroby Hashimoto oraz guz z艂o艣liwy maj膮 podobne cechy w badaniu fizykalnym i histopatologicznym. Je偶eli wyst臋puj膮 kliniczne cechy choroby Hashimoto oraz histologiczne cechy obu form zapalenia, mo偶na rozpozna膰 rzadk膮 kombinacj臋 choroby Hashimoto i wola Riedla. Naciek limfocyt贸w B i T oraz kom贸rek plazmatycznych, jak r贸wnie偶 niszczenie p臋cherzyk贸w tarczycy przez w艂贸knienie, kt贸re przechodzi na s膮siednie tkanki, mo偶e pom贸c w postawieniu ostatecznego rozpoznania. R贸偶nicowanie pomi臋dzy histopatologicznym i klinicznym obrazem obu chor贸b bywa trudne szczeg贸lnie z powodu nak艂adania si臋 cech histopatologicznych. Konieczna jest 艣cis艂a wsp贸艂praca patologa i klinicysty w celu unikni臋cia pomy艂ki diagnostycznej. Zdaniem autor贸w u badanej pacjentki wyst臋powa艂y obie te choroby, ale zwi膮zek pomi臋dzy nimi by艂 jedynie przypadkowy. (Endokrynol Pol 2011; 62 (4): 351–356
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