Dilution-induced enhancement of the blocking temperature in exchange-bias heterosystems

The temperature dependence of the exchange bias field is investigated by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry in Fe1-xZnxF2(110)/Fe14 nm/Ag35 nm, x=0.4. Its blocking temperature exhibits a significant enhancement with respect to the global ordering temperature TN=46.9 K, of the bulk antiferromagnet Fe0.6Zn0.4F2. The enhancement is attributed to fluctuations of the diamagnetic dilution which creates clusters on all length scales having a Zn dilution of 0\u3c~x\u3c~1. While the infinite clusters give rise to the well-known Griffiths phase, finite clusters also provoke a local enhancement of the exchange bias. The temperature dependence of the integral exchange bias effect is modeled by averaging all local contributions of the antiferromagnetic surface magnetization which exhibit a surface critical behavior

Two-stage processes of electrically induced-ferroelectric to relaxor transition in 0.94(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-0.06BaTiO(3)

The stability of electrically induced long-range ferroelectric order in a relaxor 0.94(Bi1/2Na1/2) TiO3-0.06BaTiO(3) ceramic material has been investigated by temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction and electrical property measurements. The depolarization and ferroelectric-to-relaxor transition are identified as separate and discrete processes. It is observed that the induced ferroelectric domains first lose their ferroelectric/ferroelastic texture coincident with a peak signal in the thermally induced depolarization current. With further increase in temperature, the detextured ferroelectric domains are dissociated into nanoscale entities. This fragmentation marks the ferroelectric-to-relaxor transition. It is suggested that the ferroelectric-to-relaxor transition has features of a second order phase transition.open302

Electric field and aging effects of uniaxial ferroelectrics Sr x Ba1-x Nb2O6 probed by Brillouin scattering

This study was supported in part by the Marubun Research Promotion Foundation and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP17K05030.Static and dynamic heterogeneity of disordered system is one of the current topics in materials science. In disordered ferroelectric materials with random fields, dynamic polar nanoregions (PNRs) appear at Burns temperature and freeze into nanodomain state below Curie temperature (T C). This state is very sensitive to external electric field and aging by which it gradually switches into macrodomain state. However, the role of PNRs in such states below T C is still a puzzling issue of materials science. Electric field and aging effects of uniaxial ferroelectric Sr x Ba1-x Nb2O6 (x = 0.40, SBN40) single crystals were studied using Brillouin scattering to clarify the critical nature of PNRs in domain states below T C. On field heating, a broad anomaly in longitudinal acoustic (LA) velocity at low temperature region was due to an incomplete alignment of nanodomains caused by the interaction between PNRs. A sharp anomaly near T C was attributed to the complete switching of nanodomain to macrodomain state owing to the lack of interaction among PNRs. After isothermal aging below T C, the noticeable increase of LA velocity was observed. It was unaffected by cyclic temperature measurements up to T C, and recovered to initial state outside of a narrow temperature range above and below aging temperature.Japan Society for the Promotion of Scienc

Magnetic phase diagram of the diluted metamagnet Fe\u3csub\u3e0.95\u3c/sub\u3eMg\u3csub\u3e0.05\u3c/sub\u3eBr\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e

The axial magnetic phase diagram of the antiferromagnet Fe0.95Mg0.05Br2 is studied by specific heat, superconducting quantum interference device, and Faraday rotation techniques. The diamagnetic impurities give rise to random-field criticality along the second-order phase line Hc(T) between TN=13.1 K and a multicritical point at Tm≈5 K, and to a spin-flop line between Tm and the critical end-point temperature Te≈3.5 K. The phase line H1(T)c(T) ending at Tm is probably due to symmetric nondiagonal exchange

Vibrational analysis of the v1+v3 band of the chlorine dioxide molecule in doublet electronic state

We report the spectrum of the v1+v3 band of chlorine dioxide centered in the infrared atmospheric window at 2038.934 cm-1 measured with essentially Doppler limited resolution at the instrumental line width of 0.003 cm-1 using the Bruker IFS 125 HR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The number of 2000 assigned transitions for the v1+v3 band with Nmax=59 and Ka max=15 provide a set of 22 accurate effective Hamiltonian parameters for the v1+v3 band

A boundary element scheme for three-dimensional acoustic radiation with flow

A boundary element approach is proposed for acoustical radiation in non-uniform, low Mach number flows. The formulation utilizes a transformation, valid at low Mach number for short wavelength disturbances, which converts this problem into an analogous no-flow problem for the same geometry. Two distinct boundary integral schemes are considered. An overdetermined combined surface-interior formulation and a combined surface-surface derivative formulation are both used to calculate the velocity potential due to the vibration of an arbitrary body in a uniform mean flow. Results are presented for the test cases of pulsating and juddering spheres in low Mach number flows. Good agreement is established between the results produced by the present boundary element formulations and those obtained from an analytic solution and an alternative numerical (finite element) scheme

A multiscale method for the double layer potential equation on a polyhedron

This paper is concerned with the numerical solution of the double layer potential equation on polyhedra. Specifically, we consider collocation schemes based on multiscale decompositions of piecewise linear finite element spaces defined on polyhedra. An essential difficulty is that the resulting linear systems are not sparse. However, for uniform grids and periodic problems one can show that the use of multiscale bases gives rise to matrices that can be well approximated by sparse matrices in such a way that the solutions to the perturbed equations exhibits still sufficient accuracy. Our objective is to explore to what extent the presence of corners and edges in the domain as well as the lack of uniform discretizations affects the performance of such schemes. Here we propose a concrete algorithm, describe its ingredients, discuss some consequences, future perspectives, and open questions, and present the results of numerical experiments for several test domains including non-convex domains

SrTiO3—Glimpses of an Inexhaustible Source of Novel Solid State Phenomena

The purpose of this selective review is primarily to demonstrate the large versatility of the insulating quantum paraelectric perovskite SrTiO3 explained in “Introduction” part, and “Routes of SrTiO3 toward ferroelectricity and other collective states” part. Apart from ferroelectricity under various boundary conditions, it exhibits regular electronic and superconductivity via doping or external fields and is capable of displaying diverse coupled states. “Magnetoelectric multiglass (Sr,Mn)TiO3” part, deals with mesoscopic physics of the solid solution SrTiO3:Mn2+. It is at the origin of both polar and spin cluster glass forming and is altogether a novel multiferroic system. Independent transitions at different glass temperatures, power law dynamic criticality, divergent third-order susceptibilities, and higher order magneto-electric interactions are convincing fingerprints