6,830 research outputs found
Design analysis of ductile failure in dovetail connections
The static plastic collapse of ductile dovetail structures is investigated by three analysis methods: slip-line field (SLF) theory based on a sheet drawing model, finite element limit analysis, and linear elastic finite element analysis with adapted pressure vessel design stress linearization and categorization methods. A range of angles and heights are considered in the investigation. Three experimental test cases are also presented. The limit analysis results are found to give the best comparison with the limited experimental results, indicating similar collapse loads and modes of ductile collapse. The SLF solution is found to give conservative but useful failure loads for small dovetail angles but, at angles greater than 30°, the solution is not generally conservative. The pressure vessel design by the analysis stress categorization procedure was adapted for dovetail analysis and was found to give reasonably conservative collapse loads in most cases. However, the procedure requires the designer to consider a number of different stress classification lines to ensure that a conservative collapse load is identified. It is concluded that the finite element limit analysis approach provides the best and most direct route to calculating the allowable load for the joint and is the preferred method when appropriate finite element analysis facilities are available
S wave superconductivity in newly discovered superconductor BaTiSbO revealed by Sb-NMR/Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance measurements
We report the Sb-NMR/nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR)
measurements on the newly-discovered superconductor BaTiSbO with a
two-dimensional TiO square-net layer formed with Ti (3). NQR
measurements revealed that the in-plane four-fold symmetry is broken at the Sb
site below 40 K, without an internal field appearing at the Sb
site. These exclude a spin-density wave (SDW)/ charge density wave (CDW)
ordering with incommensurate correlations, but can be understood with the
commensurate CDW ordering at . The spin-lattice relaxation rate
, measured at the four-fold symmetry breaking site, decreases below
superconducting (SC) transition temperature , indicative of the
microscopic coexistence of superconductivity and the CDW/SDW phase below
. Furthermore, of Sb-NQR shows a coherence peak just
below and decreases exponentially at low temperatures. These
results are in sharp contrast with those in cuprate and iron-based
superconductors, and strongly suggest that its SC symmetry is classified to an
ordinary s-wave state.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Crossover from commensurate to incommensurate antiferromagnetism in stoichiometric NaFeAs revealed by single-crystal 23Na,75As-NMR experiments
We report results of 23Na and 75As nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
experiments on a self-flux grown high-quality single crystal of stoichiometric
NaFeAs. The NMR spectra revealed a tetragonal to twinned-orthorhombic
structural phase transition at T_O = 57 K and an antiferromagnetic (AF)
transition at T_AF = 45 K. The divergent behavior of nuclear relaxation rate
near T_AF shows significant anisotropy, indicating that the critical slowing
down of stripe-type AF fluctuations are strongly anisotropic in spin space. The
NMR spectra at low enough temperatures consist of sharp peaks showing a
commensurate stripe AF order with a small moment \sim 0.3 muB. However, the
spectra just below T_AF exhibits highly asymmetric broadening pointing to an
incommensurate modulation. The commensurate-incommensurate crossover in NaFeAs
shows a certain similarity to the behavior of SrFe2As2 under high pressure.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, revised version to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jp
Antiferromagnetic Order and Superconductivity in Sr4(Mg0.5-xTi0.5+x)2O6Fe2As2 with Electron Doping: 75As-NMR Study
We report an 75As-NMR study on iron (Fe)-based superconductors with thick
perovskitetype blocking layers Sr4(Mg0.5-xTi0.5+x)2O6Fe2As2 with x=0 and 0.2.
We have found that antiferromagnetic (AFM) order takes place when x=0, and
superconductivity (SC) emerges below Tc=36 K when x=0.2. These results reveal
that the Fe-pnictides with thick perovskitetype blocks also undergo an
evolution from the AFM order to the SC by doping electron carriers into FeAs
planes through the chemical substitution of Ti+4 ions for Mg+2 ions, analogous
to the F-substitution in LaFeAsO compound. The reason why the Tc=36 K when
x=0.2 being higher than the optimally electron-doped LaFeAsO with Tc=27 K
relates to the fact that the local tetrahedron structure of FeAs4 is optimized
for the onset of SC.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Community engagement in preparing for natural water disasters of different time and magnitude scales – A comparative study between Japan and England
This exploratory research funded by the Daiwa Anglo-Japanese Foundation considers two chal-lenges recognised in the DRR community in recent years. One is the necessity of ‘all of society engagement’ emphasised in the Sendai Framework for DRR 2015-2030, which has led to the rein-forcement of community-based DRR. The other is, as the Red Cross World Disasters Report 2014 criticises, experts ‘persist’ in prioritising high-impact/low-frequency hazards. Inquiries into communi-ties’ DRR against hazards of different return periods and magnitudes have been scarce. The re-search focuses on natural water disasters, such as floods and typhoons generated due to atmos-pheric forcing factors, which have been intensified by climate change, as well as tsunamis. Both Japan and England have had a series of impacts of them in recent years. Applying a comparative approach, the research discusses four cases of under-researched water disaster-prone communities in Oita and Wakayama Prefectures, and the Essex and Devon Counties. The two research questions probed are: 1) to what extent the perceptions between DRR experts and community members differ in relation to disasters with different return periods and magnitudes; 2) what are the implications of the perception gap on the actualisation of ‘community-based’ and ‘participatory’ DRR. The interdis-ciplinary research team combines the observation of major structural mitigation solutions (e.g. barrier walls, embankments and evacuation shelters etc.) against water disasters of different scales in the four cases, and the analysis of non-structural measures through stakeholder interviews – policy-makers, academics, activists, community members – undertaken in the four communities. One of the key findings of the research is that both DRR experts and community members approach high-im-pact/low-frequency hazards with ‘prevention’ and ‘reduction’ measures, while for low-impact/high-frequency hazards, the countermeasures become ‘adaptation’. This has led us to consider develop-ing a new framework in categorising water disasters, applying a new index – the number of people ‘affected’ – in addition to scale and magnitudes. The novelty of the framework is to include community perspective so as to enable a community-based bottom-up approach in decision-making of DRR measures
Observation of Jonscher Law in AC Hopping Conduction of Electron-Doped Nanoporous Crystal 12CaO7Al2O3 in THz Frequency Range
We have performed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of carrier-doped
nanoporous crystal 12CaO7Al2O3 showing the Mott variable range hopping at room
temperature. The real part of the dielectric constant clearly demonstrates the
nature of localized carriers. The frequency dependence of both the real and
imaginary parts of the dielectric constant can be simply explained by assuming
two contributions: a dielectric response by the parent compound with no
carriers and an AC hopping conduction with the Jonscher law generally reported
up to GHz range. The possible obedience to the Jonscher law in the THz range
suggests a relaxation time of the hopping carriers much faster than 1ps in the
carrier-doped 12CaO7Al2O3.Comment: 4pages 3figures. to be published in Phys. Rev.
Orbital Properties of Sr3Ru2O7 and Related Ruthenates Probed by 17O-NMR
We report a site-separated O-NMR study of the layered perovskite
ruthenate SrRuO, which exhibits nearly two-dimensional transport
properties and itinerant metamagnetism at low temperatures. The local hole
occupancies and the spin densities in the oxygen orbitals are obtained by
means of tight-binding analyses of electric field gradients and anisotropic
Knight shifts. These quantities are compared with two other layered perovskite
ruthenates: the two-dimensional paramagnet SrRuO and the
three-dimensional ferromagnet SrRuO. The hole occupancies at the oxygen
sites are very large, about one hole per ruthenium atom. This is due to the
strong covalent character of the Ru-O bonding in this compound. The magnitude
of the hole occupancy might be related to the rotation or tilt of the RuO
octahedra. The spin densities at the oxygen sites are also large, 20-40% of the
bulk susceptibilities, but in contrast to the hole occupancies, the spin
densities strongly depend on the dimensionality. This result suggests that the
density-of-states at the oxygen sites plays an essential role for the
understanding of the complex magnetism found in the layered perovskite
ruthenates.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
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