7,398 research outputs found
Witten's Invariants of Rational Homology Spheres at Prime Values of and Trivial Connection Contribution
We establish a relation between the coefficients of asymptotic expansion of
trivial connection contribution to Witten's invariant of rational homology
spheres and the invariants that T.~Ohtsuki extracted from Witten's invariant at
prime values of . We also rederive the properties of prime invariants
discovered by H.~Murakami and T.~Ohtsuki. We do this by using the bounds on
Taylor series expansion of the Jones polynomial of algebraically split links,
studied in our previous paper. These bounds are enough to prove that Ohtsuki's
invariants are of finite type. The relation between Ohtsuki's invariants and
trivial connection contribution is verified explicitly for lens spaces and
Seifert manifolds.Comment: 32 pages, no figures, LaTe
Dispersion of Magnetic Fields in Molecular Clouds. II.
We expand our study on the dispersion of polarization angles in molecular clouds. We show how the effect of signal integration through the thickness of the cloud as well as across the area subtended by the telescope beam inherent to dust continuum measurements can be incorporated in our analysis to correctly account for its effect on the measured angular dispersion and inferred turbulent to large-scale magnetic field strength ratio. We further show how to evaluate the turbulent magnetic field correlation scale from polarization data of sufficient spatial resolution and high enough spatial sampling rate. We apply our results to the molecular cloud OMC-1, where we find a turbulent correlation length of δ â 16 mpc, a turbulent to large-scale magnetic field strength ratio of approximately 0.5, and a plane-of-the-sky large-scale magnetic field strength of approximately 760 ÎźG
Simultaneous necrotizing soft tissue infection and colonic necrosis caused by clostridium septicum
"It doesn't existâŚ": negotiating palliative care from a culturally and linguistically diverse patient and caregiver perspective.
BACKGROUND: The end of life represents a therapeutic context that acutely raises cultural and linguistic specificities, yet there is very little evidence illustrating the importance of such dynamics in shaping choices, trajectories and care practices. Culture and language interplay to offer considerable potential challenges to both patient and provider, with further work needed to explore patient and caregiver perspectives across cultures and linguistic groups, and provider perspectives. The objective of this study was to develop a critical, evidence-based understanding of the experiences of people from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) backgrounds, and their caregivers, in a palliative care setting. METHODS: A qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews to explore key experiences and perspectives of CALD patients and caregivers currently undergoing treatment under oncology or palliative care specialists in two Australian hospitals. Interviews were digitally audio recorded and transcribed in full. A thematic analysis was conducted utilising the framework approach. RESULTS: Sixteen patients and fourteen caregivers from a range of CALD backgrounds participated in semi-structured interviews. The research identified four prevalent themes among participants: (1) Terminology in the transition to palliative care; (2) Communication, culture and pain management; (3) (Not) Talking about death and dying; and, (4) Religious faith as a coping strategy: challenging the terminal diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: CALD patients and caregivers' experiences are multifaceted, particularly in negotiating linguistic difficulties, beliefs about treatment, and issues related to death and dying. Greater attention is needed to develop effective communication skills, recognise CALD patients' particular cultural, linguistic and spiritual values and needs, and acknowledge the unique nature of each doctor-patient interaction
Design and Initial Performance of SHARP, a Polarimeter for the SHARC-II Camera at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory
We have developed a fore-optics module that converts the SHARC-II camera at
the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory into a sensitive imaging polarimeter at
wavelengths of 350 and 450 microns. We refer to this module as "SHARP". SHARP
splits the incident radiation into two orthogonally polarized beams that are
then re-imaged onto opposite ends of the 32 x 12 pixel detector array in
SHARC-II. A rotating half-wave plate is used just upstream from the
polarization-splitting optics. The effect of SHARP is to convert SHARC-II into
a dual-beam 12 x 12 pixel polarimeter. A novel feature of SHARP's design is the
use of a crossed grid in a submillimeter polarimeter. Here we describe the
detailed optical design of SHARP and present results of tests carried out
during our first few observing runs. At 350 microns, the beam size (9
arcseconds), throughput (75%), and instrumental polarization (< 1%) are all
very close to our design goals.Comment: submitted to Applied Optic
Absorption spectrum in the wings of the potassium second resonance doublet broadened by helium
We have measured the reduced absorption coefficients occurring in the wings
of the potassium 4S-5P doublet lines at 404.414 nm and at 404.720 nm broadened
by helium gas at pressures of several hundred Torr. At the experimental
temperature of 900 K, we have detected a shoulder-like broadening feature on
the blue wing of the doublet which is relatively flat between 401.8 nm and
402.8 nm and which drops off rapidly for shorter wavelengths, corresponding to
absorption from the X doublet Sigma+ state to the C doublet Sigma+ state of the
K-He quasimolecule. The accurate measurements of the line profiles in the
present work will sharply constrain future calculations of potential energy
surfaces and transition dipole moments correlating to the asymptotes He-K(5p),
He-K(5s), and He-K(3d).Comment: 2 figure
Prevalence of sexual harassment among Norwegian female elite athletes in relation to sport type
Although it is often assumed that the prevalence of sexual harassment is different in different sports, this assumption has not been empirically tested. This study considers whether the experience of sexual harassment varies by sport. The female elite athletes (N = 553) in the study participated in 56 different sport disciplines. These were grouped as follows :1) team or individual sports; 2) extent to which clothing required for competition is revealing ; 3) gender structure (male-or female dominated membership statistics); and 4) gender culture (masculine, gender-neutral, or feminine). The data show that sexual harassment occurs in every sport group. Female elite athletes who participated in âmasculineâ sports appear to experience more harassment than women in the other groups. We conclude that, when it comes to female athletesâ experiences of sexual harassment, sport type matters far less than sport participation per se
Criteria for flatness and injectivity
Let be a commutative Noetherian ring. We give criteria for flatness of
-modules in terms of associated primes and torsion-freeness of certain
tensor products. This allows us to develop a criterion for regularity if
has characteristic , or more generally if it has a locally contracting
endomorphism. Dualizing, we give criteria for injectivity of -modules in
terms of coassociated primes and (h-)divisibility of certain \Hom-modules.
Along the way, we develop tools to achieve such a dual result. These include a
careful analysis of the notions of divisibility and h-divisibility (including a
localization result), a theorem on coassociated primes across a \Hom-module
base change, and a local criterion for injectivity.Comment: 19 page
Voluntary versus ABC breath-hold in the context of VMAT for breast and locoregional lymph node radiotherapy including the internal mammary chain
Background: Deep-inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) reduces radiation dose to the heart in patients undergoing locoregional breast radiotherapy. In the context of tangential irradiation of the breast/ chest wall, a
voluntary breath hold (vDIBH) technique has been shown to be as reproducible as a machine-assisted
breath hold technique using the active breathing co-ordinator (ABCTM, Elekta, Crawley, UK, ABC_DIBH).
This study compares set-up reproducibility for vDIBH versus ABC_DIBH in patients undergoing
volumetric-modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) for breast cancer, both with and without wax bolus.
Method: Patients with breast cancer requiring pan regional lymph node VMAT +/ďż˝ wax bolus in breathhold were CT scanned in vDIBH and ABC_DIBH. Patients were randomised to receive one technique for
fractions 1â7 and the other for fractions 8â15. Daily cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed and registered to planning-CT using bony anatomy. Within-patient comparisons of mean daily
chest wall position were made using a paired t-test. Population, systematic (P) and random errors (a)
were estimated. Intrafraction reproducibility was assessed by comparing chest wall position and diaphragm movement between consecutive breath holds on CBCT.
Results: 16 patients were recruited. All completed treatment with both techniques (9 patients with wax
bolus, 7 patients without). CBCT derived P were 2.1â6.4 mm (ABC_DIBH) and 2.1â4.9 mm (vDIBH), a
were 1.7â2.6 mm (ABC_DIBH) and 2.2â2.7 mm (vDIBH) and mean daily chest wall displacements (MD)
were 0.0â1.5 mm (ABC_DIBH) and -
0.1â1.6 vDIBH (all p non-significant). Chest wall and diaphragm position was equivalent between consecutive breath holds in ABC and vDIBH (median difference 1.0 mm and
0.8 mm respectively, non p significant) demonstrating equivalent intrafraction reproducibility.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that a simple voluntary breath hold technique is feasible in combination with VMAT (+/ďż˝ bolus) and is as reproducible as ABC_DIBH with VMAT for the irradiation of the
breast and axillary and IMC lymph nodes in breast cancer patients
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