30 research outputs found
The Development of a New Setup for Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery
In order to accomplish video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) in a much easier and safer
way, especially for assistant operators, we have developed a new display system for VATS.
The original thoracoscope has been designed for this new system. The monitor is fixed at
approximately 10 cm away from the surface of the chest wall just above the operative field.
In using this procedure, the operator and assistants can see the patient and the monitor at
the same time. According to this new idea, the previous problem in the area of handâeye
coordination and the three-dimensional understanding of this procedure can be improved
compared to the image of the conventional thoracoscopy, because it is not necessary for the
operator and assistants to look up at the monitors. When the thoracoscopy was placed in an
adequate position to resect the target pathology, this new system led to good and easy handling
of instruments, as it was with the standard thoracotomy
Effectiveness of Photodynamic Therapy and Nd-YAG Laser Treatment for Obstructed Tracheobronchial Malignancies
Since 1980, advanced lung carcinomas were treated with palliative laser therapy for the
purpose of opening the endobronchial stenosis and obstruction by either photodynamic
therapy (PDT) or Nd-YAG laser treatment at Tokyo Medical University. A total of 258
lesions were treated, 81 by PDT and 177 by Nd-YAG laser treatment. PDT achieved effective
results in 61 (75%) of 81 lesions. In the Nd-YAG laser group, 143 (81%) of 177 lesions showed
effective results. When the tumor was located in the trachea or main bronchi, effective results
were obtained in 73% (19 of 26) of cases treated by PDT and in 93% of cases (64 of 69) treated
by Nd-YAG laser. However, in cases in which the tumor was located in lobar or segmental
bronchi, the tumor response was effective in 76% (42 of 55) of PDT-treated patients and 73%
(79 of 108) of Nd-YAG laser-treated patients. With a mortality rate of 0%, the greatest
advantage of PDT over Nd-YAG treatment was safety. Considering complications, PDT
seems to be useful for obstruction of lobar and segmental bronchus. Nevertheless, when
deciding among alternative therapies, physicians treating patients with advanced lung
carcinoma should give careful consideration to the benefit and complications of both laser
therapies and decide the most suitable modality
A tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma incidentally detected by chest radiography and pulmonary function test
Tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinomas are rare tumors that progress slowly.ăDiagnosis by chest plain radiography is difficult, and suspecting the existence of a disease that causes stenosis in the airways is an important key for diagnosis. A 51-year-old woman referred to our hospital because of dyspnea on exertion. Chest plain radiograph showed a slight widening of the mediastinum. The flowâvolume curve of respiratory function test revealed flat portions of the curve suggesting the central airway obstruction pattern. Chest CT confirmed the existence of tracheobronchial tumor, which was pathologically diagnosed as adenoid cystic carcinoma. Chest physicians and thoracic surgeons should be careful not to miss these trivial findings in the first inspections
Early Detection of Bronchial Lesions Using System of Autofluorescence Endoscopy (SAFE) 1000
Recently several endoscopic fluorescence detection systems have been developed. In some of
them, laser light was used for the excitation of autofluorescence, and sophisticated techniques were also necessary to amplify the fluorescence signal as well
Lung Cancers Treated With Photodynamic Therapy and Surgery
Laser endoscopic surgery, especially the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using
Photofrin as a photosensitizer, has now achieved a status as effective treatment modality for
lung cancer. Twenty-six lung cancer patients received the preoperative PDT for the purpose of
either reducing the extent of resection or increasing operability. Bronchoscopical PDT is
performed with topical anesthesia approximately 48 h after the intravenous injection of
2.0 mg/kg body weight of Photofrin. Operation was performed 2â9 weeks after initial PDT. The initial purpose of PDT, i.e. either to reduce the extent of resection or convert inoperable
disease to operable status, was achieved in 22 out of 26 patients treated. The survival rate of T3
(main bronchus invasion) cases treated by surgery alone increased significantly from 50.9% to
60.0% with the application of preoperative PDT. This remarkable result may imply that this
new option of PDT as preoperative laser irradiation may contribute to the management of
advanced lung malignancy
Ajax for Networks and Ontologies
Databases contribute to the management of huge biological data, and the associated tools with their sophisticated algorithms contribute to the analysis of the huge data. Databases and tools have been publicly released as web services for biologists to accelerate biological studies. Although these web services have become essential for biological studies, their usability is often inadequate because they are just implemented by web1.0 technique
A Tracheobronchial Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Incidentally Detected by Chest Radiography and Pulmonary Function Test
Tracheobronchial adenoid cystic carcinomas are rare tumors that progress slowly.ăDiagnosis by chest plain radiography is difficult, and suspecting the existence of a disease that causes stenosis in the airways is an important key for diagnosis. A 51-year-old woman referred to our hospital because of dyspnea on exertion. Chest plain radiograph showed a slight widening of the mediastinum. The flowâvolume curve of respiratory function test revealed flat portions of the curve suggesting the central airway obstruction pattern. Chest CT confirmed the existence of tracheobronchial tumor, which was pathologically diagnosed as adenoid cystic carcinoma. Chest physicians and thoracic surgeons should be careful not to miss these trivial findings in the first inspections
Anesthetic management of airway stent placement by rigid bronchoscopy with superior laryngeal nerve block while preserving spontaneous breathing: A case report
Key Clinical Message The combination of superior laryngeal nerve block can reduce the respiratory depression that occurs during management under total intravenous anesthesia. Abstract Anesthetic management of endobronchial stent placement by rigid bronchoscopy requires the maintenance of spontaneous breathing while suppressing upper airway reflexes. The combination of superior laryngeal nerve block (SLNB) can reduce the respiratory depression that occurs during management under total intravenous anesthesia. The patient was diagnosed as having lung cancer with invasion into the right middle bronchus and stenosis of the right main bronchus on chest computed tomography, and emergency airway stent placement was performed. Sedation was initiated with propofol and dexmedetomidine, and ultrasoundâguided SLNB was performed after local anesthetic spraying into the oral cavity and trachea. Bucking was minimally controlled during insertion of the rigid bronchoscope. The patient's intraoperative hemodynamics remained stable, and there were no hypoxic events. SLNB can provide the suppression of the upper airway reflex while minimizing effects on spontaneous breathing, and may be useful for achieving balanced anesthesia during rigid bronchoscopy