Noninvasive Measurement of Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography

The severity of left-sided heart failure can be evaluated by pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) because PCWP reflects left ventricular (LV) filling pressure. Owing to developments in echocardiographic technology, speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) has allowed automatic construction of time-left atrial (LA) volume (LAV) curves. Thus, we developed a novel index based on a combination of LAV and LA function that would estimate PCWP using STE. The following regression equation described the relationship between PCWP that was obtained by right-heart catheterization and active LAEF/minimum LAV index (volume was indexed to body surface area: LAVI) in the patients with sinus rhythm: PCWP = 10.8–12.4 [log10 (active LAEF/minimum LAVI)] (r = −0.86, p <0.001) (measurements from the apical 4-chamber view). We defined this index [log10 (active LAEF/minimum LAVI)] as the kinetics-tracking index (KT index). The PCWP estimated by the KT index (ePCWP) had a strong correlation with PCWP obtained by right-heart catheterization (r = 0.92, p <0.001). The ePCWP measured by STE could be a useful parameter to improve clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure

The first and simple synthesis of indole alkaloid, bipolaramide

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生理活性物質科学金沢大学薬学部The first and simple total synthesis of bipolaramide was achieved in 31 % overall yield from (2S)-2,3-dihydroindole-2-carboxylic acid in three (or two) steps. Derivatives of bipolaramide having halogen, alkenyl, nitro, or azido substitueras were also prepared

Rhe first total syntheses of 9-methoxycarbazole-3-carboxaldehyde and methoxybrassinin1 (the chemistry of 1-methoxyindole)

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生理活性物質科学金沢大学薬学

A new and simple synthesis of 1-hydroxyindole derivatives

金沢大学大学院自然科学研究科生理活性物質科学金沢大学薬学