Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma-an unusual presentation

Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) is a neoplasm that occurs frequently in the mucosa of the soft and hard palates, in the buccal mucosa and in the upper lip and is very rare within the nasopharynx. We present a case of PLGA, which presented as a nasal polyp

A Case of Multiple Sclerosis Presenting as Eight and Half Syndrome.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination, gliosis (scarring), and neuronal loss; the course can be relapsing-remitting or progressive. Manifestations of MS vary from a benign illness to a rapidly evolving and incapacitating disease requiring profound lifestyle adjustments. We report a 24 year old female who presented with right internuclear ophthalmoplegia with right lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy which is called eight and half syndrome. The etiology in our patient was multiple sclerosis which was confirmed by radio-imaging studies. Patient improved on pulse therapy of methyl prednisolone and tapering dose of steroids

The Linearly Independent Non Orthogonal yet Energy Preserving (LINOEP) vectors

It is well known that, in any inner product space, a set of linearly independent (LI) vectors can be transformed to a set of orthogonal vectors, spanning the same space, by the Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization Method (GSOM). In this paper, we propose a transformation from a set of LI vectors to a set of LI non orthogonal yet energy (square of the norm) preserving (LINOEP) vectors in an inner product space and we refer it as LINOEP method. We also show that there are various solutions to preserve the square of the norm.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Superfluid and Fermi liquid phases of Bose-Fermi mixtures in optical lattices

We describe interacting mixtures of ultracold bosonic and fermionic atoms in harmonically confined optical lattices. For a suitable choice of parameters we study the emergence of superfluid and Fermi liquid (non-insulating) regions out of Bose-Mott and Fermi-band insulators, due to finite Boson and Fermion hopping. We obtain the shell structure for the system and show that angular momentum can be transferred to the non-insulating regions from Laguerre-Gaussian beams, which combined with Bragg spectroscopy can reveal all superfluid and Fermi liquid shells.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Iron Deficiency Anemia- Does it affect the Glycosylated Hemoglobin levels in Non- diabetic Patients?

Background: Glycosylated hemo­globin (HbA1c) is used in diabetic patients as an index of glycemic control. Reports on the effects of iron deficien­cy anemia (IDA) on HbA1c levels have shown inconsistent results. This study investigated the effects of IDA on HbA1c levels in non- diabetic patients. Methods: Fifty non- diabetic patients diagnosed as having IDA, and an equal number of age- and sex- matched healthy controls, were included in this study. Hematological and biochemical parameters, including HbA1c levels were measured, and compared between cases and controls.Results: Mean baseline HbA1c (%) level in anemic patients (6.1 ± 0.2) was significantly higher than in control group (4.1 ± 0.3) (p < 0.0001, 95% CI 1.89 to 2.1). A significant positive correlation of HbA1c was observed with total iron binding capacity (TIBC) (r = 0.36, p = 0.009, 95 % CI 0.09 to 0.58), but not with hemoglobin (r = −0.015, p = 0.915, 95% CI −0.29 to 0.26), MCV (r = −0.082, p = 0.571, 95 % CI −0.35 to 0.20), MCH (r = −0.11, p = 0.453, 95% CI −0.38 to 0.18), hematocrit (r = −0.0032, p = 0.982, 95% CI −0.28 to 0.28) and ferritin (r = −0.052 p = 0.721, 95% CI −0.33 to 0.23).Conclusions: HbA1c levels were higher in patients with IDA than in controls and had a significant positive correlation with TIBC. This may have a practical application in diabetic individuals with IDA where HbA1c alone may give a false picture of poor glycemic control

The role of echo-cardiography in the management of patients with congestive heart failure: “Tanzanian experience"

A CAJM clinical study on heart- failure management in a Tanzania hospital using an Echocardiography .Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a major public health problem that is associated with markedly diminished survival.1,2 The reported proportion of CHF patients with normal left ventricular systolic function has ranged from 13% to 75% and the reported annual mortality rate has varied from 1.3% to 17.5%.3 This implies that abnormal left ventricular diastolic function is the mechanism responsible for producing congestive symptoms in these patients.3 The approach to treatment may differ depending on whether systolic or diastolic dysfunction is predominant. Because clinical findings fail to distinguish patients with systolic or diastolic dysfunction/ several institutions recommend echocardiography in all patients with suspected congestive heart failure.5 Unfortunately, no data are available on use and outcome of patients studied with echocardiography, in the management of congestive heart failure in our region. Therefore, we prospectively assessed the relative proportions of normal versus impaired left ventricular systolic function among persons with CHF in a hospital based study sample and assessed the risks of mortality and heart failure re-admissions during follow up