The portrait of Malin 2: a case study of a giant low surface brightness galaxy

The low surface brightness disc galaxy Malin2 challenges the standard theory of galaxy evolution by its enormous total mass ~2 10^12 Ms which must have been formed without recent major merger events. The aim of our work is to create a coherent picture of this exotic object by using the new optical multicolor photometric and spectroscopic observations at Apache Point Observatory as well as archival datasets from Gemini and wide-field surveys. We performed the Malin2 mass modelling, estimated the contribution of the host dark halo and found that it had acquired its low central density and the huge isothermal sphere core radius before the disc subsystem was formed. Our spectroscopic data analysis reveals complex kinematics of stars and gas in the very inner region. We measured the oxygen abundance in several clumps and concluded that the gas metallicity decreases from the solar value in the centre to a half of that at 20-30 kpc. We found a small satellite and measured its mass (1/500 of the host galaxy) and gas metallicity. One of the unique properties of Malin2 turned to be the apparent imbalance of ISM: the molecular gas is in excess with respect to the atomic gas for given values of the gas equilibrium turbulent pressure. We explain this imbalance by the presence of a significant portion of the dark gas not observable in CO and the Hi 21 cm lines. We also show that the depletion time of the observed molecular gas traced by CO is nearly the same as in normal galaxies. Our modelling of the UV-to-optical spectral energy distribution favours the exponentially declined SFH over a single-burst scenario. We argue that the massive and rarefied dark halo which had formed before the disc component well describes all the observed properties of Malin2 and there is no need to assume additional catastrophic scenarios proposed previously to explain the origin of giant LSB galaxies. [Abbreviated]Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

KrioBlastTM as a new technology of hyper-fast cryopreservation of cells and tissues. Part 2. Kinetic vitrification of human pluripotent stem cells and spermatozoa

Pilot experiments on kinetic vitrification of human pluripotent stem cells and spermatozoa using a KrioBlastTM-2 without penetrating cryoprotectants have shown high survival of cells (75-85% in both cases

KrioBlastTM as a new technology of hyper-fast cryopreservation of cells and tissues. Part 1. Thermodynamic aspects and potential applications in reproductive and regenerative medicine

Kinetic (dynamic) vitrification is a promising trend in cryopreservation of biological materials because it allows avoiding the formation of lethal intracellular ice and minimizes harmful effects of highly toxic penetrating cryoprotectants. A uniform cooling protocol and the same instruments can be used for practically all types of cell

A complex stellar line-of-sight velocity distribution in the lenticular galaxy NGC 524

We present the detailed study of the stellar and gaseous kinematics of the luminous early-type galaxy NGC 524 derived from the long-slit spectroscopic observations obtained with the Russian 6-m telescope and the IFU data from the SAURON survey. The stellar line-of-sight velocity distribution (LOSVD) of NGC 524 exhibits strong asymmetry. We performed the comprehensive analysis of the LOSVD using two complementary approaches implemented on top of the nbursts full spectral fitting technique, (a) a nonparametric LOSVD recovery and (b) a parametric recovery of two Gaussian kinematical components having different stellar populations. We discuss the origin of the complex stellar LOSVD of NGC 524.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of 8th SCSLSA, to appear in Baltic Astronom