222 research outputs found
Unsuspected axillary lymph node metastasis of nasopharyngeal and cervical cancer on 18FDG PET/CT: a case report
Axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) from cancer except breast cancer is rare. Whole body 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) that simultaneously offers anatomic and metabolic information is widely used and has become an effective modality in many clinical fields, especially oncology, and also may detect an unexpected metastasis. We report two cases of ALMN of nasopharyngeal and cervical cancer that was detected on whole body PET/CT
Towards Objective-Tailored Genetic Improvement Through Large Language Models
While Genetic Improvement (GI) is a useful paradigm to improve functional and
nonfunctional aspects of software, existing techniques tended to use the same
set of mutation operators for differing objectives, due to the difficulty of
writing custom mutation operators. In this work, we suggest that Large Language
Models (LLMs) can be used to generate objective-tailored mutants, expanding the
possibilities of software optimizations that GI can perform. We further argue
that LLMs and the GI process can benefit from the strengths of one another, and
present a simple example demonstrating that LLMs can both improve the
effectiveness of the GI optimization process, while also benefiting from the
evaluation steps of GI. As a result, we believe that the combination of LLMs
and GI has the capability to significantly aid developers in optimizing their
software.Comment: Accepted to the 12th International Workshop on Genetic Improvemen
Search Based Repair of Deep Neural Networks
Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are being adopted in various domains, including
safety critical ones. The wide-spread adoption also calls for ways to guide the
testing of their accuracy and robustness, for which various test adequacy
criteria and input generation methods have been recently introduced. In this
paper, we explore the natural subsequent step: given an input that reveals
unexpected behaviour in a trained DNN, we propose to repair the DNN using
input-output pairs as a specification. This paper introduces Arachne, a novel
program repair technique for DNNs. Arachne first performs sensitivity based
fault localisation to limit the number of neural weights it has to modify.
Subsequently, Arachne uses Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) to directly
optimise the localised neural weights until the behaviour is corrected. An
empirical study using three different benchmark datasets shows that Arachne can
reduce the instances of the most frequent misclassification type committed by a
pre-trained CIFAR-10 classifier by 27.5%, without any need for additional
training data. Patches generated by Arachne tend to be more focused on the
targeted misbehaviour than DNN retraining, which is more disruptive to
non-targeted behaviour. The overall results suggest the feasibility of patching
DNNs using Arachne until they can be retrained properly
Influence Of Choice Context On Consumer Decision Making In Global Electronic Commerce
The objective of this paper is to understand how choice context will influence the decision making process of consumers when shopping at electronic shopping malls. This paper provides a framework for exploring context effects on consumer judgment and choice processes in the special case of electronic commerce. First an outline of the judgment process is presented which is used to identify the stages where the context effects may occur. Theliterature in experimental and social psychology, behavioral decision theory and consumer research are selectively reviewed for evidence regarding context effects on judgment. The approach adopted in this paper borrows directly from at least two converging sources : the cross-functional research in judgment and decision making in consumer behavior and cognitive psychology and the research in marketing issues in electronic commerce. The managerial implications of this research are answers to questions such as how best can the firm exploit this new form of transacting business to maximize its leverage in the market place and increase its market share. The academic contribution of this research on context effects is that it helps to reconcile two diverging research streams on judgment and choice (the economic perspective and the behavioral perspective)
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Concurrent recording of co-localised electroencephalography and local field potential in rodent
Although electroencephalography (EEG) is widely used as a non-invasive technique for recording neural activities of the brain, our understanding of the neurogenesis of EEG is still very limited. Local field potentials (LFPs) recorded via a multi-laminar micro-electrode can provide a more detailed account of simultaneous neural activity across different cortical layers in the neocortex, but the technique is invasive. Combining EEG and LFP measurements in a pre-clinical model can greatly enhance our understanding of the neural mechanisms involved in the generation of EEG signals, and facilitate the derivation of a more realistic and biologically accurate mathematical model of EEG. Here we present a simple procedure for acquiring concurrent and co-localised EEG and multi-laminar LFP signals in the anaesthetised rodent. We also investigated whether EEG signals were significantly affected by a burr hole drilled in the skull for the insertion of a micro-electrode. Our results suggest that the burr hole has a negligible impact on EEG recordings
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