478 research outputs found
Magnons and electromagnons in a spin-lattice-coupled frustrated magnet CuFeO2 as seen via inelastic neutron scattering
We have investigated spin-wave excitations in a four-sublattice (4SL)
magnetic ground state of a frustrated magnet CuFeO2, in which `electromagnon'
(electric-field-active magnon) excitation has been discovered by recent
terahertz time-domain spectroscopy [Seki et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 097207
(2010)]. In previous study, we have identified two spin-wave branches in the
4SL phase by means of inelastic neutron scattering measurements under applied
uniaxial pressure. [T. Nakajima et al. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 80 014714 (2011) ] In
the present study, we have performed high-energy-resolution inelastic neutron
scattering measurements in the 4SL phase, resolving fine structures of the
lower-energy spin-wave branch near the zone center. Taking account of the
spin-driven lattice distortions in the 4SL phase, we have developed a model
Hamiltonian to describe the spin-wave excitations. The determined Hamiltonian
parameters have successfully reproduced the spin-wave dispersion relations and
intensity maps obtained in the inelastic neutron scattering measurements. The
results of the spin-wave analysis have also revealed physical pictures of the
magnon and electromagnon modes in the 4SL phase, suggesting that collinear and
noncollinear characters of the two spin-wave modes are the keys to understand
the dynamical coupling between the spins and electric dipole moments in this
system.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
Chemical properties of surface waters in the limestone regions of western Japan: Evaluation of chemical conditions for the deposition of tufas
In order to understand the chemical conditions for the depositionof tufas, chemical properties of were investigated for the 201 surface waters collected from the limestone regions including newly discovered localities of tufas. The collected waters were categorized, according to the association with tufas, mainly into; category N (waters without tufa deposition), category T (waters depositing tufas), and category S (spring waters of tufa-depositing streams). These three categories clearly differ in Ca contents, equilibrium CO 2 partial pressure (PCO2), and saturation index for calcite (SIC); all of which are the most important chemical properties for the deposition of tufas. The waters of the category N are characterized by small Ca contents (mainly 15~35 ppm) and low PCO2(350~1,000 µatm) which indicate that they are basically flowing on a limestone substrate without an efficient CO2 uptake from soils. Their SIC never exceeds +0.5. The waters depositing tufas (category T) normally exhibitCa contents more than 45 ppm and PCO2 ranging 500~2,000 µatm. The waters of category S show comparable or slightly larger Ca contents than category T, however their PCO2 is considerably higher (than 2,000 µatm). Their raised values of Ca contents and PCO2 are ascribed to efficient CO2 uptake in a soil layer and subsequent dissolution of CaCO3. Furthermore, their SIC around 0.0 indicates that the waters dissolve CaCO3 until they reach the saturation in underground water systems. The large difference in PCO2 between categories T and S results from degassing of CO2 during flowing on the streams. The degassing increases pH and SIC of the waters. The SIC of category T mostly exceeds +0.5, that is probably the most important chemical condition for an efficient deposition of tufas. This study indicates that tufas are not very rare, but also that their distribution tends to be concentrated in a certain area, such as northwestern Okayama Prefecture. Local geological and hydrological conditions can be also important controls for deposition of tufas
Infammatory bowel disease-associated ubiquitin ligase RNF183 promotes lysosomal degradation of DR5 and TRAIL-induced caspase activation
Magnetic Phase Diagrams with Possible Field-induced Antiferroquadrupolar Order in TbBC
Magnetic phase diagrams of a tetragonal antiferromagnet TbBC were
clarified by temperature and field dependence of magnetization. It is
noticeable that the N{\'e}el temperature in TbBC is anomalously
enhanced with magnetic fields, in particular the enhancement reaches 13.5 K for
the direction at 10 T. The magnetization processes as well as the
phase diagrams are well interpreted assuming that there appear field-induced
antiferroquadrupolar ordered phases in TbBC. The phase diagrams of the
AFQ compounds in RBC are systematically understood in terms of the
competition with AFQ and AFM interactions.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX
Regulation of dynamic structure of cyclophanes by their complexation with the porphyrin
Dithia[3.3]metacyclophanes which consist of the pyridine unit connecting to the different positions of the parent cyclophane skeleton have been prepared. Conformational change has been observed for the cyclophane having a 4-substituted pyridine unit by binding to the porphyrin. In contrast the porphyrin binding has no influence on conformational behavior of the cyclophane having a 3-substituted pyridine unit
Replica symmetry breaking in an adiabatic spin-glass model of adaptive evolution
We study evolutionary canalization using a spin-glass model with replica
theory, where spins and their interactions are dynamic variables whose
configurations correspond to phenotypes and genotypes, respectively. The spins
are updated under temperature T_S, and the genotypes evolve under temperature
T_J, according to the evolutionary fitness. It is found that adaptation occurs
at T_S < T_S^{RS}, and a replica symmetric phase emerges at T_S^{RSB} < T_S <
T_S^{RS}. The replica symmetric phase implies canalization, and replica
symmetry breaking at lower temperatures indicates loss of robustness.Comment: 5pages, 2 figure
Regulation of dynamic structure of cyclophanes by their complexation with the porphyrin
Dithia[3.3]metacyclophanes which consist of the pyridine unit connecting to the different positions of the parent cyclophane skeleton have been prepared. Conformational change has been observed for the cyclophane having a 4-substituted pyridine unit by binding to the porphyrin. In contrast the porphyrin binding has no influence on conformational behavior of the cyclophane having a 3-substituted pyridine unit
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