Reducing the determination errors of the international normalized ratio by using plasma cogulation calibrators

The objective was to use of a minimum number of ISI (International Sensitivity Index) to determine the International Normalized Ratio (INR). This specific calibration methods allowed to calculate ISI for all other thromboplastines comparative with the reference thromboplastine. Bigger values than 1 show a decrease sensitivity, as compared with the reference thromboplastine. The Prothrombin Time (PT) values are not the same in all laboratory because of differences in sensitivity of thromboplastins used. To standardize the same results in any laboratory, an INR (International Normalised Ratio) constant has been introduced. Estimation of thromboplastine sensitivity is useful in any laboratory involved in the medical control of therapy with AVK, being also helpull for the clinicians to find out a suitable curative dealing

PRACTICAL ISSUES INVOLVED IN SUBTOTAL EDENTATION REHABILITATION

The purpose of this study is accomplished by evaluating the possibilities and limitations in the treatment of partially stretched edentulous skeletal prosthesis, using special items of maintenance, support and stabilization, depending on each patient’s specific clinical picture.The study group is made of a total of 15 patients who received removable prostheses or restorations that presented, at least at the level of an arcade, a form of subtotal edentation.The dentist has the difficult task to postpone as much as possible the installing of total edentation. Dentist‘s natural question is not whether, but when you will need a total replacement? A factor of predictability in this respect is the status of periodontal and endodontic tooth arch position, structural integrity, the way of retention of the prostheses and costs. The right strategy to approach the case is closely related to the hygiene and overall disease status.The superiority of overdenture must be notified, the one that uses special retention elements but one must not neglect the specific aspects of pre and pro prosthetic therapies in the context of ensuring favorable premises for the completion of prosthetic therapy and the correlation of course options according to the overall health and oral hygiene factors

TYPES OF DENTAL WEAR AND THEIR ETHIOLOGY

Dental wear is a universal experience; it is accepted today that the phenomena of dental wear know a significant increase especially in young people. Although the causes are not well defined, it is supposed to act as a category of “predisposing factors” specific to age and civilization as well as a category of causal factors.Aim of the study :Our researches included two aspects: one clinical and one laboratory. The data were recorded in dental records and analyzed in order to identify the various etiological correlations. Material and methods:The odontal examination was performed only after the oral cavity was cleaned, the reduction of the gingival inflammation and the professional brushing. I recorded the cavities and cavities, the various abrasive grades and the dental areas interested in cervical erosions, using direct or projected light and the magnifying glass or microcameras .Results and discussions: Loss of hard dental substance of a non-causative etiology is a normal physiological process that takes place throughout life. Identifying the causes involved in this process is particularly important in order to predict the long-term behavior of both teeth and restorative treatments. It is difficult to determine the limit to which tissue loss is considered pathological because the notion of normal is still a source of controversy. With regard to the data as a whole we can say that in our study of the type of dental erosion, moderate erosion had a higher frequency: slight erosions – 26.24%, moderate erosions – 50%, severe erosions – 13.76% Conclusions:The dental wear term denotes the progressive loss of dental hard tissue due to three processes: abrasion (wear caused by tooth interaction with other materials), atrium (wear due to tooth contact on the tooth) and erosion (dissolution of dental hard tissue due to the acidic substances)

OVERVIEW REGARDING GENERAL AND TISSUE REACTIONS TO DIFFERENT METALLIC AND NONMETALLIC MATERIALS USED IN DENTISTRY

Dental restorations must not only restore the morphology and the affected functions of the teeth, but it is also important that they do not exert negative effects on the health of the surrounding tissues. There are several different descriptions for biocompatibility in the literature. However, it generally refers to the ability of a material to produce an appropriate host response when applied as intended. Obviously, biocompatibility can be defined as the compatibility of a material with a living tissue/system in that it is not toxic, harmful, physiologically reactive or including immunological rejection. In addition, based on biocompatibility (reaction of the tissue to the biomaterial used), the dental biomaterials used can be classified as biotolerant, bioinert and bioactive . The application in the oral cavity of different types of classic or modern restorations made by different techniques and technologies can induce more or less important reactions, at the level of the whole organism, or limited to the level of the tissues with which they come into contact

PERIODONTAL CONSIDERATIONS IN FIXED PROSTHESES

Restorative dentistry is by far the most important factor for plaque accumulation. Purpose The study aimed at assessing the periodontal condition relating to the existence of iatrogenic fixed prosthetic therapy. Material and methods. The studied sample consisted of 47 patients, including 23 men and 24 women aged between 18 and 65 years. We assessed the existence of periodontal damage related to local restorative iatrogenic factors. Results and discussion. In the examined patients were noted numerous discrepancies both in terms of margins placement relative to the gingival sulcus related to abutment teeth preparation. Vertical and horizontal discrepancies, occurring in marginal adaptation of restorations may be the reasons for periodontal irritation. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the apical extension of the margins by unnecessary sinking of the margins of the preparation, which will lead to alteration of the epithelial insertion of at the level of the cemento-enamel junction Important in this respect is the thickness of the crowns margins. Conclusions. The restorative treatment objective is long-term maintenance of the masticatory system in good health condition. Dental restorations and periodontal health are closely linked-periodontal health is necessary for proper operation of all restorations, while functional stimulation provided by dental restorations is essential in periodontal health

CHEMICAL AGENTS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE DENTAL ARCH SYMMETRY IN THE OCLUZAL BALANCE

Orthodontics is a scientific art aiming to achieve the individual aesthetic optimum and functional development and dento-maxilo-facial, with the help of an assembly of biological and mechanical means (Chateau, 1975). Symmetry is indisputably of numerical order and it is essential in relation to a central axis in the transverse direction, but in our opinion we are more interested in the fact that there is also an aesthetic function, whose importance is crucial, where the lack of symmetry has the most unpleasant consequences. In this regard, the orthodontist has an important role to play. For the beauty of the symmetry of a form, if the form is in motion, we will plead for symmetry. Material and method: Our study included 36 patients aged between 11 and 25 with dento-maxillary abnormalities without previous orthodontic treatments who presented themselves in the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic between 2016 and 2018.Results and discussion: Clinical asymmetry is difficult to appreciate, having a very wide variation, from hardly visible forms to the most severe forms, and when investigating asymmetries, all degrees of changes must be investigated. Conclusions: Asymmetry is the result of the discrepancy between the malposition of bone structures or teeth, along with the implantation of soft tissue imbalances, the imbalance in this relationship leads to the instability of neuromuscular activity disorders

Metal Ceramic, Namely Metal Composite Prosthesis, Viable Esthetic Alternatives to Contemporary Dentistry?

Aim This study aims at an analysis of the clinical and technological aspects that decisively influence the clinical esthetic finality, as reflected in a representative number of clinical cases diagnosed with partially reduced edentation, the therapeutic choices being represented by metal ceramic, namely metal composite restorations. Material and Method: The factual material was represented by a number of 25 clinical cases diagnosed with partially reduced edentation, the therapeutic solutions being represented by metal ceramic, namely metal composite bridges, the analysis of the multiple factors that influence the technological algorithm of certain representative practical cases leading to pertinent conclusions regarding the individualization of the clinical technological algorithm. Results and Discussions :Out of the extremely large and diverse range of esthetic restorative materials, ceramic remains the “uncrowned queen of restorative materials”, ensuring that sense of naturalness so much sought after by its translucent similarity to dental enamel. Conclusions:The particular conditions of the prosthetic field influence the clinical technological details of the treatment algorithm, its clinical finality being that of masking deficits or excesses, in full agreement with the corrective proprosthetic intervention

PROSTHETIC REQUIREMENTS IN PERIODONTAL PROPHYLAXIS

The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the shortcomings of achieving gnatho prosthetic devices and their detrimental effect on periodontal health, and the periodontal protection methods employed in the technological algorithm applied for fixed gnatho prosthetic devices. Material and methods To achieve periodontal prophylaxis, we analyzed the compliance in clinical and technological process of a series of technical requirements for rebuilding morpho- functional integrity of the dental arch by bridges. Results To achieve periodontal prophylaxis should be pursued during clinical and technological procedures the following: respect of coronary morphology, restoring the contour and position of contact areas, inter proximal embrasures restoration, restoration of the physiological contours of the buccal and lingual surfaces, the correct reproduction of natural cemento-enamel junction on mesial and distal faces, respect of gingival sulcus area, achieving perfect adaptation of the margins of restorations, periodontal protection in sub-sulcular area, achieving the profile of emergence. Conclusions By respecting these the principles, are ensured both restoration longevity and periodontal health