Transport has been called the maker and breaker of cities. A maker of cities because of its vital role in the bringing together of people, goods and services. A breaker of cities because of its e®ects on the quality of the living environment. In balancing both aspects, a detailed cost-bene¯t analysis of transport policy is imperative. However, compared to the analysis of (external) costs, the analysis of (external) bene¯ts is hampered by the low availability of travel diary data