Griess Test Affection (A and B) by Transmission of Contaminants Inside the Barrel of the Shotgun Brand Benelli Super Nova Model

The present investigation arises from the need to investigate and to experiment scientifically if the contaminants established as controlled variable and not contralada can affect performing the procedure described in clause 4 1 of guide 2DC-GU-0024 on performing ballistic testing on weapons firearms pneumatic gas black powder detonating electrical etc and entering ballistic identification systems It can be reasonably inferred that by performing the forty-two tests manipulating solutions A and B of the Griess reagent it is evident that the pollutants transferred to the Interior of the Cannon 4-stroke oil diesel and gasoline do not affect the results for the identification of nitrites Product of combustion during the Shooting phenomenon Case contrary It happens with rainwater since it is observed that the same it affects the elaboration of the test taking into account that without coming into contact with the gunpowder results in a faint pink coloration indicating in a preliminary way that it is Positive for presence of nitrite

Influencia de los contaminantes dentro del cañón de un arma de fuego tipo escopeta en los resultados de la prueba de GRIESS (a y b) para la detección de residuos de disparo

Abstract This study's general objective was to determine the degree of impact a GRIESS test (a and b) may have on the inside of a Benelli Supernova shotgun barrel by transmitting contaminants, such as oil, rain water, diesel and gasoline. The need arose to research whether or not the established contaminants can affect performing the procedure described in clause 4.1 of guide 2DC-GU-0024 on "performing ballistic testing on weapons (firearms, pneumatic, gas, black powder, detonating, electrical, etc.) and entering ballistic identification systems." The methodology was experimental. A high number of tests were carried out, manipulating components A and B of the GRIESS reagent. As a result, it was observed that contaminating agents transferred within a barrel (4-stroke engine oil, diesel and gasoline) do not affect the results of identifying nitrates resulting from combustion during firearm discharge. The opposite occurs with rain water, since it was observed that is affects preparing evidence, taking into account that it yields a light pink coloration as a result without coming into contact with combusted gunpowder, which preliminarily indicates that it tested positive for the presence of nitrites.Resumo O objetivo geral do presente estudo foi determinar o grau de afetação que o teste de GRIESS (a e b) apresenta, dentro do cano da arma de fogo tipo espingarda, marca Benelli, modelo Super Nova, com a transmissão dos contaminantes: óleo, água da chuva, diesel e gasolina. Surge a necessidade de investigar se os contaminantes estabelecidos podem afetar o desempenho do procedimento descrito no numeral 4.1 do guia 2DC-GU-0024 "realizar procedimentos balísticos em armas (armas de fogo, pneumáticas, gás, fisto, detonantes, elétricos, entre outros) e acesso a sistemas de identificação balística". A metodologia utilizada foi experimental, nesse sentido, foi realizado um número significativo de testes, e as soluções A e B do reagente de GRIESS foram manipuladas. Como resultado, ficou evidente que os agentes contaminantes transferidos para o interior do cano (óleo 4 tempos, diesel e gasolina) não afetam os resultados para a identificação de nitritos produto da combustão durante o fenômeno de queima. O contrário ocorre com a água da chuva, pois observa-se que isso afeta o preparo do teste, visto que, sem entrar em contato com a pólvora deflagrada, produz uma leve coloração rosa, o que preliminarmente indica que é positivo para a presença de nitritos.Resumen El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo general determinar el grado de afectación que presenta la prueba Griess (a y b), al interior del cañón del arma de fuego tipo escopeta, marca Benelli, modelo Súper Nova, con la trasmisión de los contaminantes aceite, agua lluvia, diésel y gasolina. Surge la necesidad de indagar si los contaminantes establecidos pueden afectar la realización del procedimiento descrito en el numeral 4.1 de la guía 2DC-GU-0024 "realizar procedimientos balísticos a las armas (de fuego, neumáticas, de gas, fisto, detonadoras, eléctricas, entre otras) e ingreso a los sistemas de identificación balística". La metodología utilizada fue de tipo experimental, para ello se realizó una cantidad importante de ensayos, se manipularon las soluciones A y B del reactivo de GRIESS. Como resultado se evidenció que los agentes contaminantes transferidos al interior del cañón (aceite 4 tiempos, diésel y gasolina) no afectan los resultados para la identificación de nitritos producto de la combustión durante el fenómeno del disparo, caso contrario ocurre con el agua lluvia, ya que se observa que esta afecta la elaboración de la prueba, teniendo en cuenta que sin entrar en contacto con la pólvora deflagrada, arroja como resultado una coloración rosada tenue, que indica de forma preliminar que es positiva para la presencia de nitritos

Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation and History of Acute Coronary Syndromes: Insights from GARFIELD-AF

BACKGROUND: Many patients with atrial fibrillation have concomitant coronary artery disease with or without acute coronary syndromes and are in need of additional antithrombotic therapy. There are few data on the long-term clinical outcome of atrial fibrillation patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome. This is a 2-year study of atrial fibrillation patients with or without a history of acute coronary syndromes