Outcomes of critically Ill patients with confirmed 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) infection by ethnicity, n = 64 ^a.

<p>Outcomes of critically Ill patients with confirmed 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) infection by ethnicity, n = 64 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0184013#t004fn002" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

Clinical course of critically Ill patients with confirmed 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) infection by ethnicity, n = 647 ^a.

<p>Clinical course of critically Ill patients with confirmed 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) infection by ethnicity, n = 647 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0184013#t003fn002" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

Baseline characteristics of critically Ill patients with confirmed or probable 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) infection by ethnicity, n = 647 ^a.

<p>Baseline characteristics of critically Ill patients with confirmed or probable 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) infection by ethnicity, n = 647 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0184013#t002fn002" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

Demographic characteristics of critically Ill patients with confirmed or probable 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) infection, n = 647.

<p>Demographic characteristics of critically Ill patients with confirmed or probable 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) infection, n = 647.</p

Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis modeling mortality in critically Ill patients with confirmed 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) infection, n = 647 ^a.

<p>Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis modeling mortality in critically Ill patients with confirmed 2009/2010 influenza A(H1N1) infection, n = 647 <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0184013#t005fn002" target="_blank">^a</a>.</p

2009-2010 Influenza A(H1N1)-related critical illness among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians.

BACKGROUND: Preliminary studies suggested that Aboriginal Canadians had disproportionately higher rates of infection, hospitalization, and critical illness due to pandemic Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. METHODS: We used a prospective cohort study of critically ill patients with laboratory confirmed or probable H1N1 infection in Canada between April 16 2009 and April 12 2010. Baseline characteristics, medical interventions, clinical course and outcomes were compared between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal patients. The primary outcome was hospital mortality. RESULTS: Of 647 critically ill adult patients with known ethnicity, 81 (12.5%) were Aboriginal, 566 (87.5%) were non-Aboriginal. Aboriginal patients were younger (mean [SD] age 40.7[13.7] v. 49.0[14.9] years, p < 0.001) and more frequently female (64.2% v. 51.1%, p = 0.027). Rates of any co-morbid illnesses (Aboriginal v. non-Aboriginal, 92.6% v. 91.0%, p = 0.63), time from symptom onset to hospital admission (median [interquartile range] 4 [2-7] v. 4 [2-7] days, p = 0.84), time to ICU admission (5 [3-8] v.5 [3-8] days, p = 0.91), and severity of illness (mean APACHE II score (19.9 [9.6] v. 21.1 [9.9], p = 0.33) were similar. A similar proportion of Aboriginal patients received antiviral medication before ICU admission than non-Aboriginal patients (91.4% v. 93.8%, p = 0.40). Among Aboriginal versus non-Aboriginal patients, the need for mechanical ventilation (93.8% v. 88.6%, p = 0.15), ventilator-free days (14 [3-23] v. 17 [0-24], p = 0.62), durations of stay in ICU (13[7-19.5] v. 11 [5-8] days, p = 0.05), hospital (19 [12.5-33.5] v. 18 [11-35] days, p = 0.63), and hospital mortality were similar (19.8% v. 22.6%, p = 0.56). In multiple logistic regression analyses, higher APACHE II score (1.06; 1.04-1.09, p<0.001) was independently associated with an increased risk of death; antiviral treatment with a lower risk of death (0.34; 0.15 - 0.78, p = 0.01). Ethnicity was not associated with mortality. INTERPRETATION: During the 2009-2010 Influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians with H1N1-related critical illness had a similar risk of death, after adjusting for potential confounding factors

Additional file 1: of The influence of corticosteroid treatment on the outcome of influenza A(H1N1pdm09)-related critical illness

Appendix A (Table 5A. Unadjusted Clinical Outcomes among Critically Ill Patients with H1N1pdm09, Table 6A. Baseline Characteristics of Patients Matched by Propensity to Receive Corticosteroids among Critically Ill Patients with H1N1pdm09, Table 6B. Cointerventions Matched by Propensity to Receive Corticosteroids among Critically Ill Patients with H1N1pdm09, Table 6C. Outcome of Patients, Matched by Propensity to Receive Corticosteroids Among Critically Ill Patients with H1N1pdm09, Table 7A: Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality Using Adjustment for Baseline and Time-Dependent Between-Group Differences over the 4 Days of ICU Admission and Until Discharge From ICU Among Critically Ill Patients with H1N1pdm09) and Appendix B (Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality Among Critically Ill Patients with H1N1pdm09 Using Adjustment for Baseline and Time-Dependent Between-Group Differences) and Appendix C (Participating Hospitals) and Appendix D (Case Report Form). (ZIP 94 kb