66 research outputs found
THE REMOTE ISOLATE OF THE CROATIAN LITTORAL ā50 YEARS OF RESEARCH ON THE ISLAND OF SUSAK WITH NEW INSIGHTS INTO ITS GENETIC DIVERSITY
This paper presents a review of the 50-year long anthropological and epidemiological research of the Susak population. Island of Susak is an example of extreme genetic isolate, with a very low level of heterozygosity and a significantly high level of inbreeding, due to the practice of endogamy. Its specific features have put the island in the focus of diverse research during the last five decades and in this study we additionally present new insights into the islandās maternal genetic heritage. For this purpose, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup diversity was defined based on SNPs of the control and coding region on the sample of 64 autochthonous individuals from the island. Only three main haplogroups were detected - H, T and one W sample, with a limited number of haplotypes, and certain typical European haplogroups (U, K, J, V, X,) were completely absent. Haplotype analysis revealed five possible founder lineages of altogether 16 different haplotypes. Island of Susak also has the second lowest reported GDV (gene diversity index) among Croatian isolates, which is in line with its reduced mtDNA diversity. Since such island communities are most likely to disappear in the near future, we see these results as a valuable contribution for further population genetics and epidemiological studies
THE REMOTE ISOLATE OF THE CROATIAN LITTORAL ā50 YEARS OF RESEARCH ON THE ISLAND OF SUSAK WITH NEW INSIGHTS INTO ITS GENETIC DIVERSITY
This paper presents a review of the 50-year long anthropological and epidemiological research of the Susak population. Island of Susak is an example of extreme genetic isolate, with a very low level of heterozygosity and a significantly high level of inbreeding, due to the practice of endogamy. Its specific features have put the island in the focus of diverse research during the last five decades and in this study we additionally present new insights into the islandās maternal genetic heritage. For this purpose, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup diversity was defined based on SNPs of the control and coding region on the sample of 64 autochthonous individuals from the island. Only three main haplogroups were detected - H, T and one W sample, with a limited number of haplotypes, and certain typical European haplogroups (U, K, J, V, X,) were completely absent. Haplotype analysis revealed five possible founder lineages of altogether 16 different haplotypes. Island of Susak also has the second lowest reported GDV (gene diversity index) among Croatian isolates, which is in line with its reduced mtDNA diversity. Since such island communities are most likely to disappear in the near future, we see these results as a valuable contribution for further population genetics and epidemiological studies
Athletic Engagement and Athletic Identity in Top Croatian Sprint Runners
The aim of the research was to determine construct validity and reliability for two questionnaires (Athlete Engagement Questionnaire - AEQ and Athletic Identity Measurement Scale - AIMS), applied on elite Croatian athletes-sprinters, as well as the correlations among the dimensions in these measuring instruments. Then, we have determined the differences in the dimensions of sport engagement and sport identity, according to gender, education level and winning medals on international competitions. A total of 71 elite athletes-sprinters (former and still active) are examined, from which 27 (38%) females and 44 (62%) males. The results of factor analyses revealed the existence of dimensions very similar as in the original instruments, which showed moderate to high reliabilities. A small number of statistically significant correlations have been found between the dimensions of sport engagement and sport identity, mainly in male sprinter runners. Small number of statistically significant differences in the dimensions of sport engagement and sport identity have been found according to the gender, education level and winning medals on the international competitions. The most reasonable explanation of these differences could be given in terms of very similar characteristics of elite athletes on the same level of sport excellence
Athletic Engagement and Athletic Identity in Top Croatian Sprint Runners
The aim of the research was to determine construct validity and reliability for two questionnaires (Athlete Engagement Questionnaire - AEQ and Athletic Identity Measurement Scale - AIMS), applied on elite Croatian athletes-sprinters, as well as the correlations among the dimensions in these measuring instruments. Then, we have determined the differences in the dimensions of sport engagement and sport identity, according to gender, education level and winning medals on international competitions. A total of 71 elite athletes-sprinters (former and still active) are examined, from which 27 (38%) females and 44 (62%) males. The results of factor analyses revealed the existence of dimensions very similar as in the original instruments, which showed moderate to high reliabilities. A small number of statistically significant correlations have been found between the dimensions of sport engagement and sport identity, mainly in male sprinter runners. Small number of statistically significant differences in the dimensions of sport engagement and sport identity have been found according to the gender, education level and winning medals on the international competitions. The most reasonable explanation of these differences could be given in terms of very similar characteristics of elite athletes on the same level of sport excellence
Beta indeks žilne krutosti pomoÄu trodimenzijskog ultrazvuka
Beta stiffness index is the most common marker for assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to explore the new technique of three-dimensional ultrasound for carotid stiffness evaluation. This pilot investigation was conducted in ten healthy volunteers. Measurements were performed in common carotid artery (CCA) on an Aloka 5500-SSD Prosound ultrasound platform in B and M modes. Data were collected freehandedly over 10 seconds and post processing analysis was performed using TomTec Imaging software. Beta indexes were mathematically computed and statistically evaluated by use of nonparametric statistics for two related samples. There were nine women and one man aged 39.3Ā±9.23 years. There was one borderline hypertensive subject and four subjects were active smokers. The mean body mass index was 23.85Ā±5.83 kg/m2, and mean intima-media thickness on CCA bilaterally 0.42Ā±0.063 mm. Statistically, comparison between conventional and three-dimensional ultrasound corroborated consistency in the left CCA (p>0.05). This investigation proved that three-dimensional ultrasound could be used as a complementary method for evaluation of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, with a greater sensitivity in the left CCA.Beta indeks krutosti jedan je od najÄeÅ”Äe upotrebljavanih za opisivanje pretkliniÄke ateroskleroze. Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je utvrditi je li moguÄe upotrijebiti novu metodu trodimenzijskog ultrazvuka karotidnih arterija za ispitivanje žilne krutosti. Ovo probno istraživanje provedeno je u 10 zdravih dobrovoljaca na ultrazvuÄnom ureÄaju Aloka 5500-SSD Prosound uporabom B i M prikaza na zajedniÄkoj karotidnoj arteriji (ACC). Za trodimenzijsku analizu rabila se je metoda "slobodne ruke" tijekom 10 sekunda uz pomoÄ programske potpore TomTec Imaging. Beta indeksi žilne krutosti izraÄunati su matematiÄkim putem, za analizu se je rabila neparametrijska statistika s dva povezana uzorka. U ispitivanje je bilo ukljuÄeno 9 žena i 1 muÅ”karac prosjeÄene dobi 9, Ā±9,2 godine. Jedan ispitanik je imao graniÄno poviÅ”ene vrijednosti krvnoga tlaka, a 4 ispitanika su bili aktivni puÅ”aÄi. Srednji indeks tjelesne težine bio je 2 ,85Ā±5,8 kg/m2, a srednja vrijednost intimalnog dijela stjenke ACC obostrano 0,42Ā±0,06 mm. StatistiÄkom usporedbom vrijednosti beta indeksa krutosti dobiveni su podudarajuÄi rezultati u lijevoj ACC (p>0,05). Istraživanje je potvrdilo da se trodimenzijski ultrazvuk može rabiti kao komplementarna metoda za ispitivanje pretkliniÄke karotidne ateroskleroze s veÄom osjetljivosti na lijevoj ACC
PERCIPIRANA ORGANIZACIJSKA PRAVEDNOST KAO DETERMINANTA ORGANIZACIJSKE ODANOSTI
Svrha ovoga rada bila je istražiti konstrukte organizacijske odanosti i
organizacijske pravednosti te njihovu meÄusobnu povezanost. U radu se istraživalo koja je od komponenti organizacijske pravednosti; distributivna, proceduralna ili interakcijska kljuÄna u predviÄanju svake od komponenti organizacijske odanosti; afektivne, instrumentalne i normativne. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 101 ispitanika, zaposlenih u razliÄitim organizacijama.
Prikupljeni podaci dobiveni su preko standardiziranih skala organizacijske pravednosti i organizacijske odanosti. Postavljene hipoteze testirane su modelom multiple regresijske analize. Rezultati indiciraju da je jedino distributivna pravednost statistiÄki znaÄajan prediktor afektivne i normativne odanosti. Može se zakljuÄiti kako zaposlenici koji percipiraju pravednost u distribuciji nagrada postižu i veÄe rezultate na dvije komponente organizacijske odanosti, afektivnoj i normativnoj
PERCIPIRANA ORGANIZACIJSKA PRAVEDNOST KAO DETERMINANTA ORGANIZACIJSKE ODANOSTI
Svrha ovoga rada bila je istražiti konstrukte organizacijske odanosti i
organizacijske pravednosti te njihovu meÄusobnu povezanost. U radu se istraživalo koja je od komponenti organizacijske pravednosti; distributivna, proceduralna ili interakcijska kljuÄna u predviÄanju svake od komponenti organizacijske odanosti; afektivne, instrumentalne i normativne. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 101 ispitanika, zaposlenih u razliÄitim organizacijama.
Prikupljeni podaci dobiveni su preko standardiziranih skala organizacijske pravednosti i organizacijske odanosti. Postavljene hipoteze testirane su modelom multiple regresijske analize. Rezultati indiciraju da je jedino distributivna pravednost statistiÄki znaÄajan prediktor afektivne i normativne odanosti. Može se zakljuÄiti kako zaposlenici koji percipiraju pravednost u distribuciji nagrada postižu i veÄe rezultate na dvije komponente organizacijske odanosti, afektivnoj i normativnoj
Spolne i dobne razlike u zdravstvenom statusu sportaÅ”a u pojedinaÄnim i momÄadskim sportovima
Main goal of this study was to determine the differences
between the athletes who are actively engaged in team
vs. individual sports, stratified by age groups and sex, in
BMI (Body Mass Index) and other chosen biochemical
health indicators. Second goal is directed on forecasting
the criterium BMI, on the base of predictors (i.e. chosen
morphological and biochemical health indicators, except
body height and body mass), for the athletes from team
and individual sports, separately for males and females and
separately for different age groups.
The data were collected during routine medical
examinations performed by physicians from the Polyclinic
for Occupational Health and Sport in Zagreb. The database
comprised medical data obtained in 2011 and 2012 from
8482 athletes in the City of Zagreb. Collected data included
height, body mass , BMI, blood pressure (diastolic and
systolic), heart rate, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes,
thrombocytes, and sedimentation rate.
Inspecting the results, it could be concluded that more
statistically significant differences in the variables in
research, related to the sport type (team/individual), have
been detected in male athletes (as compared with female
ones). These differences are more emphasized in team
than in the individual sports. More statistically significant
predictors are found in males (than in females) and more
in team sports.
The results could be mainly discussed in terms of the
differences among requests in different sports, different
levels of professional sport training in certain sports, as
well as in terms of sex differences in growth.Glavni cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi razlike izmeÄu
sportaÅ”a koji aktivno sudjeluju u momÄadskim i pojedinaÄnim
sportovima, stratificiran po dobnim skupinama i spolu, za
BMI (indeks tjelesne mase) i druge izabrane biokemijske
pokazatelje zdravlja. Drugi cilj je usmjeren na predviÄanje
kriterija BMI, na temelju prediktora (tj. izabranih
morfoloŔkih i biokemijskih pokazatelja zdravlja, osim visine
i težine tijela), za sportaÅ”e iz momÄadskih i pojeidnaÄnih
sportova, odvojeno za muÅ”karce i žene, posebno za razliÄite
dobne grupe.
Podaci su prikupljeni tijekom rutinskih medicinskih
pregleda koje obavljaju lijeÄnici iz Poliklinike za medicinu
rada i sporta u Zagrebu. Baza podataka obuhvaÄa zdravstvene
podatke dobivene u 2011. i 2012. godini od 8482 sportaŔa u
Gradu Zagrebu. Prikupljeni podaci ukljuÄuju visinu, masu,
BMI, krvni tlak (dijastoliÄki i sistoliÄki), puls, hemoglobin,
hematokrit, leukocite, trombocite i sedimentaciju.
Provjerom rezultata, može se zakljuÄiti da je viÅ”e
statistiÄki znaÄajnih razlika u varijablama istraživanja,
koje se odnose na vrstu sporta (momÄadski/ pojedinaÄni),
otkriveno kod sportaŔa (u usporedbi sa sportaŔicama).
Razlike naglaÅ”enije u momÄadskim nego u pojedinaÄnim
sportovima. ViÅ”e statistiÄki znaÄajnih prediktora pronaÄeno
je kod sportaÅ”a nego kod sportaÅ”ica, i ÄeÅ”Äe u momÄadskim
sportovima.
Rezultati se uglavnom mogu raspravljati u terminima
razlika u zahtjevima u razliÄitim sportovima, razliÄitih
razina profesionalnosti sportskog treninga u pojedinim
sportovima, kao i u pogledu spolnih razlika u rastu
Anthropometric measurements of Hvar islanders and changes in secular trend of height ā evidence from the village of Gdinj
The aim of this study was to compare the data on height of Hvar islanders collected from two transversal studies (1978/1979 and during the 1994). The first field research covered a total of 935 inhabitants of the island (484 males and 451 females) aged between 20 and 72 years, from five villages of the western part (Dol, Vrbanj, SvirÄe, Vrisnik, Pitve) and four villages of the eastern part of the island of Hvar (Poljica, ZastražiÅ”Äe, Gdinj, Bogomolje). The second field research was carried out in 1994 that enrolled total of 189 participants (82 males and 107 females) from the villages Dol, Vrbanj, SvirÄe, ZastražiÅ”Äe, Gdinj and Bogomolje. Comparison of data on Hvar adults since these two periods demonstrated a secular increase in average height for females and males in all investigated villages except in the village of Gdinj. Negative secular trend in village of Gdinj was observed for both female and male inhabitants. Possible explanation for this trend could be the specific migratory patterns and traditional practice of endogamy
Anthropometric measurements of Hvar islanders and changes in secular trend of height ā evidence from the village of Gdinj
The aim of this study was to compare the data on height of Hvar islanders collected from two transversal studies (1978/1979 and during the 1994). The first field research covered a total of 935 inhabitants of the island (484 males and 451 females) aged between 20 and 72 years, from five villages of the western part (Dol, Vrbanj, SvirÄe, Vrisnik, Pitve) and four villages of the eastern part of the island of Hvar (Poljica, ZastražiÅ”Äe, Gdinj, Bogomolje). The second field research was carried out in 1994 that enrolled total of 189 participants (82 males and 107 females) from the villages Dol, Vrbanj, SvirÄe, ZastražiÅ”Äe, Gdinj and Bogomolje. Comparison of data on Hvar adults since these two periods demonstrated a secular increase in average height for females and males in all investigated villages except in the village of Gdinj. Negative secular trend in village of Gdinj was observed for both female and male inhabitants. Possible explanation for this trend could be the specific migratory patterns and traditional practice of endogamy
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