Simulation of the PIR detector active function

The work deals with the behaviour of the PIR detector in an environment with great influence of a thermal background. It was necessary to perform simulations of the thermal behaviour of the sensor by COMSOL Multiphysics in different modes of heating the room to be able to prove that the PIR detector can function as an active detector with improved detection possibilities of intruders who would be invisible to a detector under normal circumstances. This confirms the detector's ability to work on the principle of active detector, i.e. as transmitter and receiver of thermal radiation and evaluation of heat flux changes depending on the type of the heater and the shrouding.Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic within the National Sustainability Programme [LO1303 (MSMT-7778/2014)]; European Regional Development Fund under the project CEBIA-Tech [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0089]ERDF, European Regional Development Fund; MOE, Ministry of Educatio

Design of active feedback for rehabilitation device

Sensor systems are an essential part of automated equipment. They are even more important in machines that come in contact with people, because they have a significant impact on safety. This paper describes the design of active feedback for rehabilitation device driven by pneumatic artificial muscles. Here are presented three methods for measuring the load of the robot. The first is a system composed of Force Sensitive Resistors (FSR) placed in the handle of the device. Two other methods are intended to measure the load of the actuator composed of artificial muscles. The principle of one method is to measure the difference in filling pressures of the muscles, second is based on strain measurement in the drive cables. The paper describes advantages and disadvantages of using each of these methods in a rehabilitation deviceEU; Operational Programme Research and Development; Measure 2.2 Transfer of knowledge and technology from research and development into practice; Research and development of intelligent nonconventional actuators based on artificial muscles", ITMS [26220220103]; Slovak Grant Agency VEGA [1/0911/14]; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic within the National Sustainability Programme [L01303 (MSMT7778/2014)]; European Regional Development Fund under the project CEBIA-Tech [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0089

Hydration and barrier properties of emulsions with the addition of keratin hydrolysate

Although keratin hydrolysates (KH) are added to skin care agents, detailed studies on the moisturising effects of KH are lacking. The aim of this study is to test whether adding KH into an ointment base (OB) heighten hydration of the skin and diminish transepidermal loss of water (TEWL). Formulations containing 2%, 4%, and 6% of KH (based on OB weight) were prepared. Hydration, TEWL and skin pH were measured; intervals of measurements were as follows: 1, 2, 3, 4, 24 and 48 h. Testing was carried out on 10 men. In terms of hydration, supplementing the OB with 2% KH is optimal, as an 11-19% increase occurs in hydration of stratum corneum (SC). All the formulations with added KH as tested caused TEWL to decline after application. Keratin hydrolysate makes for an excellent occlusive; adding it to OB results in a 30-50% reduction in TEWL after application. KH functions as a humectant as well, as it helps to bind water from the lower layers of the epidermis to the SC. Formulations with additions of 2-6% of KH were stable in structure and did not cause phase separation even after 6 months storage. © 2018 by the authors

Comparison of spraying nozzles operational parameters of different design

A general methodology for assessing the spraying nozzles in the aspect of dust control efficiency is presented. The testing process, as well as test results analysis, is described on the example of two designs of spraying nozzles (the author solution and the commercial one). Both nozzle designs are discussed with regard to their structure and principle of operation. Parameters describing the absorption surface area in relation to time and working media flowrate are used for analyses of test results.European Regional Development Fund under the project CEBIA-Tech [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0089

Positioner and the procedure for measuring spatial characteristics

The present work focuses on the solution of management of measuring spatial characteristics of security detectors using a positioner, a precision manipulator. It deals with program management software in LabView. Graphical programming with subroutines, which are described as virtual instruments, is used. There are published results of measurements of the spatial characteristics of the PIR detector, where it is preferably used as the measuring station.Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of the Czech Republic [LO1303 (MSMT-7778/2014)]; European Regional Development Fund under the project CEBIA-Tech [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0089]; Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava; Grant agency APVV [APVV-15-0164]; agency KEGA [KEGA 039STU-4/2017

Fever status detection using artificial neuron network

This research paper proposes a monitoring system and a prototype that has been developed for detecting if a when fever is present in senior citizens or any other specific groups of people requiring continuous care. With various issues affecting the health of senior citizens, it is imperative to continuously monitor their health status. The monitoring system is beneficial as it will make it feasible to enable the real time detection of fever and thus allowing for the early treatment. Delaying treatment can lead to the underlining health issue going beyond the remediable condition. Thus, quick detection is vital. There are various issues that might causes illness in people. Some of the issues include virus outbreak, seasonal infections, disease, and old age. In this paper our focus is mainly on old age. This group of people is much more at risk of getting ill or frequently need more attention. In this project, the presence of fever or illness has been detected by using artificial intelligence (AI). The AI technique that is utilized in this project is artificial neural networks. The computation is done by first training the system and then secondly validating the trained system. After the training, the system is supplied with a new set of data, with a known state, to validate that the training was successful. To validate the system, it is provided with sample data to test its efficiency. If the system is well trained the validation data would label that data correctly. That label is known before the validation test, as the sample data had known labels. These known labels were not given to training but not validation system. The system is function properly if its label matched the sample data label. The conducted experiment demonstrated a successful detection with an efficiency rate of 82 percent.Faculty of Applied Informatics, Tomas Bata University in Zlin [IGA/CebiaTech/2021/001

Software sensors for biomass concentration estimation in filamentous microorganism cultivation process

In this study, the potential of two software sensors for on-line estimation of biomass concentration during cultivation of filamentous microorganisms is examined. The first sensor is based on common bioreactor off-gas analyses, and uses the assumption of the biomass concentration linear dependence on the square root of cumulative O-2, consumption. Parameters of the semi-empirical data-driven software sensor based on off-gas analysis were calculated from experimental cultivation data using linear regression. The second sensor is based on biocalorimetry, i.e., the on-line calculation of metabolic heat flux from general enthalpy balance of the bioreactor. The software sensor based on biocalorimetry thus essentially represents a model-driven approach, making use of a fundamental process model based on the enthalpy balance around the bioreactor. This approach has been combined with the experimental identification of the specific biomass heat production, which represents the main process-specific parameter of the software sensor based on biocalorimetry. For this sensor, the accuracy requirements on the process variable on-line measurements were also analysed. The experimental data from the pilot-scale antibiotics Nystatin production by a bacterium Streptomyces noursei were used to calculate the specific bioprocess heat production value using linear regression. The achieved results enabled us to propose a new on-line indicator calculated as the ratio of the outputs of both sensors, which can serve as a timely warning of the risk of undesired nutritional conditions of a culture characterized as underfeeding.Technology Agency of the Czech Republic [TA03010165

Regeneration of a fibrous sorbent based on a centrifugal process for environmental geology of oil and groundwater degradation

Data were obtained in the experimental study of the process of regeneration of the fibrous sorbent centrifugally. This data characterised the dependence of the sorption rate of fibre loss in the regeneration of fibrous sorbent quality. We found that the increase of sorbent samples regeneration cycles based on polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) fibre of 1 to 50 leads to sorption reduction ratio of 20… 60 % and a weight loss of sorbent is 25-47 %. If the shelf life is increased up to three years, the sorbent does not reduce the rate of sorption and leads to increased sorbent losses due to its mechanical destruction during regeneration in a custom installation centrifugal experimental stand. It was established experimentally that the rate of oil sorption and oil, defined as the ratio of the mass of oil sorbed to the weight of the sorbent used, depends on the mean diameter of the fibres, the sorbent structure and viscosity petroleum products and varies between 5-20. It is also believed that all of the capillaries are filled uniformly and completely with a liquid. Another result of this research is the increase in the process productivity by increasing the average diameter of fibres, reducing the transverse dimension of the fibrous sorbent and increasing the radius and angular speed of the centrifuge perforated drum. A new experimental stand for centrifugal plant separating oil products from fibrous sorbent material has been proposed, which could be used to fight the oil pollution. This is the method used in environmental geology in the degradation of oil. Such a method can be extended to lower the groundwater or geological drilling. © 2016, Technical University of Kosice. All rights reserved

Valorization of a by-product from the production of mechanically deboned chicken meat for preparation of gelatins

In recent decades, food waste management has become a key priority of industrial and food companies, state authorities and consumers as well. The paper describes the biotechnological processing of mechanically deboned chicken meat (MDCM) by-product, rich in collagen, into gelatins. A factorial design at two levels was used to study three selected process conditions (enzyme conditioning time, gelatin extraction temperature and gelatin extraction time). The efficiency of the technological process of valorization of MDCM by-product into gelatins was evaluated by % conversion of the by-product into gelatins and some qualitative parameters of gelatins (gel strength, viscosity and ash content). Under optimal processing conditions (48-72 h of enzyme conditioning time, 73-78 °C gelatin extraction temperature and 100-150 min gelatin extraction time), MDCM by-product can be processed with 30-32% efficiency into gelatins with a gel strength of 140 Bloom, a viscosity of 2.5 mPa.s and an ash content of 5.0% (which can be reduced by deionization using ion-exchange resins). MDCM is a promising food by-product for valorization into gelatins, which have potential applications in food-, pharmaceutical- and cosmetic fields. The presented technology contributes not only to food sustainability but also to the model of a circular economy.European Regional Development Fund under the project CEBIA-Tech [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0089]European Regional Development Fund, ERDF: CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.008

Cyprinus carpio skeleton byproduct as a source of collagen for gelatin preparation

Byproducts obtained from fish processing account for up to 70% of their live weight and represent a large amount of unused raw materials rich in proteins, fats, minerals, and vitamins. Recently, the management of the use of predominantly cold-water fish byproducts has become a priority for many processing companies. This paper describes the biotechnological processing of byproducts of warm-water Cyprinus carpio skeletons into gelatins. A Taguchi experimental design with two process factors (HCl concentration during demineralization of the starting material and the amount of enzyme during enzyme conditioning of the collagen) examined at three levels (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 wt%; 0.0, 0.1 and 0.2 wt% respectively) was used to optimize the processing of fish tissue into gelatin. Depending on the preparation conditions, four gelatin fractions were prepared by multi-stage extraction from the starting material with a total yield of 18.7-55.7%. Extensive characterization of the gel-forming and surface properties of the prepared gelatins was performed. Gelatins belong to the group of zero-low-medium Bloom value (0-170 Bloom) and low-medium viscosity (1.1-4.9 mPa center dot s) gelatins and are suitable for some food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications. During processing, the pigment can be isolated; the remaining solid product can then be used in agriculture, and H3PO4Ca can be precipitated from the liquid byproduct after demineralization. The carp byproduct processing technology is environmentally friendly and meets the requirements of zero-waste technology.QK1920190; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF: CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0089European Regional Development Fund under the project CEBIA-Tech [CZ.1.05/2.1.00/03.0089]; National Agency for Agriculture Research of the Czech Republic [QK1920190