Physical properties and effect of loading orientation on the mechanical properties of black chickpea

This research was conducted on black chickpea seed.  Physical and mechanical properties of black chickpea are needed for equipment which is used in activities such as transportation, storage, grading, packaging milling, etc.  Properties which were measured including dimensions, thousand grain weight, projected area, geometric mean diameter, sphericity and surface area.  Experiments were carried out at moisture content of 8.15% (w.b.). Results showed that average value of length, width and thickness were 7.996, 5.248 and 5.004 mm, accordingly.  The mean projected area perpendicular to length, width, and thickness obtained 25.283, 28.803 and 30.456 mm2, respectively. Sphericity was 74.529%.  Also, some mechanical properties of black chickpea in quasi static loading have been determined such as elasticity modulus, rupture force and energy were used to rupture. Keywords: black chickpea, physical properties, mechanical properties

Noise evaluation of MF285 tractor while pulling a trailer in an asphalt road

Tractors have been used for transportation on roads by many farmers in addition to use in the field operations. MF285 tractor is the popular kind of tractor in Iran (about 30% of all tractors) and almost this tractor has been used without cabin.  Despite the problems caused by noise from the tractors and all its adverse effects on users and observers, no comprehensive research has been done on them.  The result of this research indicate that the noise level of MF285 tractor, in 2250 r/min engine speed, will be 90 dB(A) which in comparison with the standard value, 85 dB(A), is dangerous for operator’s ears.  The test site was prepared according to the international standards.  The noise emitted by tractor in three gears (2, 3 and 4) and three speeds (1,500, 1,950 and 2,250 r/min) were measured and then analyzed statistically.  Analysis of variance and Duncan’s mean comparison test showed that the Sound Pressure Level (SPL) at the position of the driver in comparison to the observer position was statistically significant (

Physical and mechanical properties of Oak (Quercus Persica) fruits

This research was conducted over one Iranian variety of Oak (Quercus Persica) with 70 observations. Physical and mechanical properties of oak are necessary for equipment used in activities such as transportation, storage, grading, packing etc. Properties which were measured include fruit dimensions, mass, volume, projected area, fruit density, geometric mean diameter, sphericity and surface area. Bulk density, porosity and also packing coefficient were measured. Experiments were carried out at Results showed that average mass and volume were 12.95 g and 10.27 mL, respectively. Dimensions increased from 41.85 to 61.09 mm in length, 14.45 to 25.02 mm in width and 14.42 to 24.38 mm in thickness. The mean projected area perpendicular to length, width and thickness obtained 433.91, 1085.48 and 1115.46 mm2, respectively. The geometric mean diameter and surface area were calculated as 27.638 mm and 2423.82 mm2, respectively, while sphericity was measured 51.78%. Elasticity modulus (E), maximum force which fruit can support (Fmax) and work which performed to this force have been determined