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Not AvailableSeasonal incidence of sucking pest complex were studied on capsicum during 2014-2015 in Eastern Plateau and Hill region of India. The three major sucking pests viz., thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis; mites, Polyphagotarsonemus latus and whitefly, Bemisia tabaci population along with weather parameters were recorded. Incidence of pests started from second to third week of September and reach its peak in month of Octber. The correlation analysis between thrips population and weather parameters indicated negative correlation between the number of thrips and rainfall. Mites showed significant positive correlation with temperature and realtive humidity (p<0.01), but found a non significant negative correlation with rainfall. Similarly, whiteflies also showed positive with temerature and relative humidity and a negative correlation with rainfall. The linear regression analysis based on weather parameters as independent variable and thrips, mites and whiteflies population fluctuation as dependent variable, explained to 42, 65 and 47 percent population variability, respectively. So, environmental varables played significant role in distribution and abundance of mites population on capsicum.Not Availabl

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Not AvailablePopulation dynamics of thrips, Megaleurothrips distalis (Karny) and mites, Tetranychus spp. were studied on summer season cowpea crop during 2013-2014 in Eastern Plateau and Hill region of India. Temperature, rainfall and host-plants were analyzed with respect to population fluctuation of pests. The population of thrips and mites were observed from low to high throughout the entire season and the incidence were more or less in the same pattern of the population fluctuation. Infestation of both thrips and mite initiated from 2nd week of March and continued up to the last week of June. The correlation analysis between thrips population and weather parameters indicated a strong significant positive correlation between the number of thrips and maximum temperature (p<0.01) and significant with the mean temperature (p<0.05). A significant negative correlation was observed between thrips population and rainfall, but a negative correlation with RH was found to be non-significant. Similarly, temperature showed positive and rainfall a negative correlation on mite population fluctuation. The linear regression model based on weather conditions as independent variable and thrips and mites population fluctuation as dependent variable, explained to 72 percent for thrips and 62 percent for mite population variability. Environmental factors played significant role in distribution and abundance of thrips and mites population.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableMango shoot gall psylla, Apsylla cistellata Buckton (Psyllidae: Homoptera) is one of the region specific serious pest of mango in India. The pest forms hard conical shaped green shoot galls in place of axillary and apical buds which hampers the initiation of inflorescences and retard the growth. A total of 100 mango genotypes were screened and evaluated against A. cistellata infestation during years 2011-12 to 2014-15. Genotype, Himayuddin, Lal Sinduria, Mulgoa Hill and Hybrid- 11/4 were found resistant against A. cistellata in field conditions. These genotypes can further be utilized for shoot gall psylla resistant breeding programmes.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableBacterial-insects associations are very common, can be parasitic to mutualistic and reside in the gut, hemocoel and body cells of insects, which play an important role in their nutrition, digestion and development. The aim of present study was to morphological and biochemical characterization of the bacteria isolated from the different developmental stages of the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata. The total 35 bacterial colonies on the basis of colony morphology were screened belongs to various genera different family, including rods of both gram-positive as well as gram-negative and only few gram positive coccus and rod-coccus. Out of total bacterial isolates, thirteen different bacterial species belonging to eleven genera (seven families) were identified from the developmental stage (first Instar larvae, third Instar larvae, pupa, male and female adults) of Bactrocera zonata. The bacteria species viz., Klebsiella pneumonia, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter sp., Providencia sp., Pantoea sp., Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas sp., Enterococcus sp., Ochrobactrum sp., Bacillus sp., Microbacterium sp., and Rhodococcus sp. were identified to be associated with different life stages. Genera Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas of family, Enterobacteriaceae were found in all the development stages. Therefore, the present study significantly supplements to the available information on the cultivable bacterial diversity associated with the developmental stages of B. zonata.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableAntifeedant activity of Gymnema sylvestre leaf extracts with different solvents viz., hexane, methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and acetone precipitated were evaluated against third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura through choice as well as no choice methods. Antifeedant activity of various extracts was compared based on their AI50 values. It was observed that saponins mixtures showed lowest AI50 value (0.047%) followed by azadirachtin (0.086%) through no-choice test method observed after 24 hours. When it was tested with choice method, saponins mixture also showed lowest AI50 as 0.036% after 24 hours of treatment. After 48 hours of observation through no-choice and choice method precipitated saponin mixtures of G. sylvestre showed antifeedancy within the fiducial limit of azadirachtin. In the present study precipitated mixture of saponins extracted from G. sylvestre showed very good antifeedant activity, which could be used for the ecofriendly management of lepidopteran insect pests.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableLitchi stink bug, LSB (Tessaratoma javanica) is a major insect pest of litchi in India and insecticidal control of this pest is non effective. Therefore, in present study, exploration of natural enemies of litchi stink bug and their effect on pest population was investigated for two years during 2012 and 2013. The LSB females were found to start laying eggs from February and peak activity was recorded in the month of March to April during both years. Three egg parasitoids of litchi stink bug were recorded, two were from the family Eupelmidae and one was from the family Encyrtidae of order Hymenoptera. Among parasitoids recorded, only two were identified up to species level namely Anastatus bangalorensis and Anastatus acherontiae. We are reporting these two parasitoids as new record from litchi stink bug (T. javanica). Maximum parasitized eggs were found in the month of March with 42.54% and 46.12%, respectively in insecticides free litchi orchard during 2012 and 2013 with major parasitization by A. bangalorensis. The egg parasitoids of litchi stink bug would be beneficial in the integrated management of the pest if mass reared and released in the litchi orchards.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableKeeping in view of damage potentiality of litchi stink bug, dose mortality response of seventeen numbers of insecticides was evaluated to find out efficacious alternative for management of litchi stink bug menace. Among the evaluated insecticides viz., Dichlorvos 76 EC showed maximum mortality (100%) followed by 86.67 per cent mortality to 1st instar nymphs by Acephate 75 SP, quinalphos 25 EC and thiodicarb 75 WP within 24 hours at field dosage of insecticides. The data on relative toxicity against 1st instar nymphs revealed that chlorantraniliprole, thiacloprid, thiodicarb and spinosad were 36.83, 27.62, 22.10 and 10.04 times more toxic with reference to novaluron, respectively. The order of toxicity based on LC50 values, chlorantraniliprole, thiacloprid, thiodicarb and acephate were found efficacious. Therefore, it is suggesting that field mortality of younger stages of stink bug nymphs could be enhanced by increasing concentration of chlorantraniliprole, thiacloprid, thiodicarb and spinosad which can be incorporate into management modules of stink bugs.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe study examined the genetic diversity and demographic history of Bactrocera dorsalis, a destructive and polyphagous insect pest of fruit crops in diverse geographic regions of India. 19 widely dispersed populations of the fly from India and other Asian countries were analysed using partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase 1 (nad1) genes to investigate genetic diversity, genetic structure, and demographic history in the region. Genetic diversity indices [number of haplotypes (H), haloptype diversity (Hd), nucleotide diversity (p) and average number of nucleotide difference (k)] of populations revealed that B. dorsalis maintains fairly high level of genetic diversity without isolation by distance among the geographic regions. Demographic analysis showed significant (negative) Tajimas’ D and Fu’s FS with non significant sum of squared deviations (SSD) values, which indicate the possibility of recent sudden expansion of species and is further supported through distinctively star-like distribution structure of haplotypes among populations. Thus, the results indicate that both ongoing and historical factors have played important role in determining the genetic structure and diversity of the species in India. Consequently, sterile insect technique (SIT) could be a possible management strategy of species in the regions.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableTessaratoma javanica (Thunberg) (Hemiptera: Tessaratomidae) an important sucking pest of litchi is studied for supplementing information on its biology, morphometrics of life stages and mtCOI (DNA barcodes). More details generated on the study add to the description of stages namely egg, 1st to 5th nymphal instars and adults. The evaluation of morphometrics of the life stages reveal that the progression of growth is more during 2nd to 3rd nymphal stages, and these are critical as far as the growth and development is concerned. The life cycle takes about 141.7±4.25 days; eggs last for 12.81±1.4 days with 97.14±2.86% hatchability; and duration of 1st , 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th nymphal instars were 11.69±0.58, 7.23±0.2, 8.63±0.55, 13.04±0.55 and 26.31±0.97 days, respectively. In addition mtCOI analyses have been done employing standard 658 bp barcode fragments facilitating molecular diagnostics of the adults and other life stages and the phylogenetic tree with available sequence in the GenBank.Not Availabl