Sdn-based network slicing mechanism for a scalable 4g/5g core network

Funding Information: Acknowledgments: This work was supported in part by the Business Finland under the project 5G Finnish Open Research Collaboration Ecosystem (5G-FORCE) and Academy of Finland under Project No. 319003. This work has been performed in the framework of the H2020 project 5G-SMART, co-funded by the EU. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of their colleagues. This information reflects the consortium’s view, but the consortium is not liable for any use that may be made of any of the information contained therein. Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the Business Finland under the project 5G Finnish Open Re-search Collaboration Ecosystem (5G-FORCE) and Academy of Finland under Project No. 319003. This work has been performed in the framework of the H2020 project 5G-SMART, co-funded by the EU. Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported in part by the Business Finland under the project 5G Finnish Open Re-search Collaboration Ecosystem (5G-FORCE) and Academy of Finland under Project No. 319003. This work has been performed in the framework of the H2020 project 5G-SMART, co-funded by the EU. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Managing the large volumes of IoT and M2M traffic requires the evaluation of the scala-bility and reliability for all the components in the end-to-end system. This includes connectivity, mobile network functions, and application or services receiving and processing the data from end devices. Firstly, this paper discusses the design of a containerized IoT and M2M application and the mechanisms for delivering automated scalability and high availability when deploying it in: (1) the edge using balenaCloud; (2) the Amazon Web Services cloud with EC2 instances; and (3) the dedi-cated Amazon Web Services IoT service. The experiments showed that there are no significant differences between edge and cloud deployments regarding resource consumption. Secondly, the solutions for scaling the 4G/5G network functions and mobile backhaul that provide the connectivity between devices and IoT/M2M applications are analyzed. In this case, the scalability and high availability of the 4G/5G components are provided by Kubernetes. The experiments showed that our proposed scaling algorithm for network slicing managed with SDN guarantees the necessary radio and network resources for end-to-end high availability.Peer reviewe

On the Impact of Indirect WAN Routing on Geo-Replicated Storage

International audience—Micro-clouds infrastructures allow supporting applications on local and energy-efficient resources. Communication between micro-clouds takes place on shared and non-dedicated Internet links. Network control and optimization can only happen at the edge. For availability and persistence, the storage of application data must be geo-replicated. Maintaining strong data consistency under concurrent accesses requires delay-sensitive coherence protocols, linking the performance of the storage to that of the network linking micro-clouds. We evaluate if the use of network control at the edge of a European-wide multi-site testbed, together with appropriate network monitoring , can allow improving the performance of ZooKeeper, a strongly-consistent replicated store. Our approach leverages the indirect routing of coherence protocol traffic in the presence of network triangle equality violations. We analyze the impact on storage of variations in WAN performance, and show how the use of traffic redirection can help reducing it

Security optimization of IoT platforms based on named data networking

When it comes to developing a smart system involving sensors and actuators, there are two main problems to be addressed: what platform to be used as infrastructure and how to develop the security layer? In this paper, Orion Context Broker (OCB) is chosen for data management, while security layer is composed by Named Data Networking (NDN) and FIWARE modules (IdM KeyRock and Wilma PEP Proxy). The work was focused on data confidentiality and integrity because this is an important aspect of an IoT system. Store capabilities of OCB were extended from one value for an attribute to long term store archive. This approach is benefic for obtaining data necessary for statistics and predictions, where historical data must be used.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

OpenStack-based clouds as holons: A functional perspective

The generalization of distributed systems-of-systems lead to increasing management and operation complexity. A sound approach to deal with this complexity is to leverage overlay networks and the higher level of abstraction they allow for distributed operations. In particular, the virtualization of underlying network resources allows providing a range of reusable network services and compose them with existing systems. Recently, the notion of holons as compositional systems entities was proposed as a general framework for the programming and deployment of complex systems of systems. We investigate if this abstract model can be applied to the complex process of real-time composition of OpenStack-based IaaS clouds. In this context, we also address issues related to the energy-performance tradeoff using techniques similar to those involving dynamic service consolidations. Our solution aims at simplifying the life of infrastructure and service providers, allowing them to face the dynamicity of new demands in Future Internet

On the impact of indirect WAN routing on geo-replicated storage

Micro-clouds infrastructures allow supporting applications on local and energy-efficient resources. Communication between micro-clouds takes place on shared and non-dedicated Internet links. Network control and optimization can only happen at the edge. For availability and persistence, the storage of application data must be geo-replicated. Maintaining strong data consistency under concurrent accesses requires delay-sensitive coherence protocols, linking the performance of the storage to that of the network between micro-clouds. We evaluate if the use of network control at the edge of a European-wide multi-site testbed, together with appropriate network monitoring, can allow improving the performance of ZooKeeper, a strongly-consistent replicated store. Our approach leverages the indirect routing of coherence protocol traffic in the presence of network triangle equality violations. We analyze the impact on storage of variations in WAN performance, and show how the use of traffic redirection can help reducing it