Trilingual Education: An Effective Way of Providing Inclusion

The aim of this article is to study the problem of multilingual communication and the equal access to information which is relevant especially today due to the integration processes taking place in the world. Our society, just like other parts of the world, is interested in learning English. This is traceable to the fact that most people are now seeking to master the language. They have the highest communication value which is reflected in public documents such as SDPES (State Development Programme for Education and Science) for 2016-2019. These include the main trends of the development of trilingual education and the adopted Roadmap of trilingual education from years 2015-2020. Their aim is to ensure the gradual introduction of the trilingual education at all levels of education in Kazakhstan. In this regard, the MES developed a common strategy for training trilingual teachers. For example, from the perspectives of pedagogical university (Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University), authors present the stages of implementation of the process based on the following priority areas: improving the legal and methodological framework; update of educational programs; the creation of a unified system of training; and professional development of teaching and administration staff

NOWY MODEL ODBICIA ŚWIATŁA OD POWIERZCHNI WYKORZYSTUJĄCY KOMBINACJĘ DWÓCH FUNKCJI SZEŚCIENNYCH

In the article the model of light reflection based on the combination of two cubic bidirectional reflectance distribution functions is developed. The main components of color and the main requirements for reproducing the object`s glares are analyzed. The usage characteristics of Cook-Torrance, Bagher, Oren-Nayar, coupled Shirley reflection models are described. The advantages and disadvantages of the highly productive Blinn-Phong model are considered. The necessity of approximating the Blinn-Phong model by a function of low degree is justified. The characteristics of the cubic polynomial approximation of the Blinn-Phong model are determined. It was established that the main drawback of this approximation is a significant deviation of the function from the reference function in the glare’s attenuation zone. The combined function that combines two cubic functions is proposed. The first cubic function reproduces the glare’s epicenter, and the second replaces the specified function in the attenuation zone. A system of equations for calculating the coefficients of the second function was created. The formula for the connection point of two cubic functions is obtained. A graph of the developed combined model based on cubic functions is obtained. For the combined and original cubic functions a comparison of the maximum relative errors in the glare’s epicenter zone, the maximum absolute errors, and the relative errors at the inflection point was made. A three-dimensional plot of the absolute error of the combined cubic model from the Blinn-Phong model depending on the shininess and the angle value is built. Visualization results based on the combined and the original cubic functions are compared. It is confirmed that the proposed reflection model increases the realism of glare formation in the attenuation zone. The resulting combined reflection model provides a highly accurate approximation of the Blinn-Phong model and is highly efficient because the third power function is used.W artykule opracowano model odbicia światła oparty na kombinacji dwóch sześciennych dwukierunkowych funkcji rozkładu odbicia. Przeanalizowano główne składniki koloru i główne wymagania dotyczące odtwarzania odblasków obiektu. Opisano charakterystykę użytkowania modeli odbicia Cooka-Torrance'a, Baghera, Orena-Nayara i Shirleya. Rozważono zalety i wady wysoce wydajnego modelu Blinn-Phong. Uzasadniono konieczność aproksymacji modelu Blinna-Phonga funkcją niskiego stopnia. Określono charakterystykę wielomianu sześciennego aproksymującego model Blinna-Phonga. Ustalono, że główną wadą tej aproksymacji jest znaczne odchylenie funkcji od funkcji odniesienia w strefie tłumienia olśnienia. Zaproponowano funkcję kombinowaną, która łączy dwie funkcje sześcienne. Pierwsza funkcja sześcienna odtwarza epicentrum olśnienia, a druga zastępuje określoną funkcję w strefie tłumienia. Stworzono układ równań do obliczania współczynników drugiej funkcji. Uzyskano wzór na punkt połączenia dwóch funkcji sześciennych. Uzyskano wykres opracowanego połączonego modelu opartego na funkcjach sześciennych. Dla połączonych i oryginalnych funkcji sześciennych dokonano porównania maksymalnych błędów względnych w strefie epicentrum olśnienia, maksymalnych błędów bezwzględnych i błędów względnych w punkcie przegięcia. Zbudowano trójwymiarowy wykres błędu bezwzględnego połączonego modelu sześciennego z modelu Blinna-Phonga w zależności od połysku i wartości kąta. Porównano wyniki wizualizacji oparte na połączonych i oryginalnych funkcjach sześciennych. Potwierdzono, że proponowany model odbicia zwiększa realizm powstawania odblasków w strefie tłumienia. Wynikowy połączony model odbicia zapewnia bardzo dokładne przybliżenie modelu Blinna-Phonga i jest bardzo wydajny, ponieważ używana jest funkcja trzeciej potęgi

Synthesis and Myelostimulatory Activity of 1-(2-Ethoxyethyl) Piperidine Derivatives

AbstractThis study concerns the synthesis of 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-4-oktynyl-4-hydroxypiperidine derivatives. The condensation of 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-4-oxopiperidine with 1-oktyne by modified Favorskii reaction gave 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-4-oktynyl-4-hydroxypiperidine. The structure of 4-alkynylpiperid-4-ol is in a good agreement with the results of elemental analysis and IR and 13C NMR spectral data. Acylation of hydroxyl group of obtained alcohol led to corresponding esters. To carry out the preliminary pharmacological study and to obtain the solid forms of new potentially biologically active piperidine derivatives their β-cyclodextrin complexes with β-cyclodextrin have been synthesized. The pharmacological activities of new compounds were predicted by PASS computer program. It has been found that 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-4-oktynyl-4-acyloxypiperidines can exhibit anesthetic, anesthetic local, spasmolytic and immunosuppressory effects. The preliminary study of 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-4-(oktyn-1-yl)-4-propionyloxypiperidine (BIV-71) and 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-4-(oktyn-1-yl)-4-benzoyloxypiperidine (BIV-81) activities were carried out. It was shown that esters complexes possess a higher myelostimulatory activities compared with levamisole as standard. The acute toxicity of the β-cyclodextrin complexes is smaller than levamisole ones

Similarities and differences in discourses on practitioner-parent partnerships in early childhood provision in England, Hungary and Kazakhstan

This paper reports on a study concerned with the question ‘What do academics and the literature reveal about the similarities and differences concerning practitioner-parent partnerships in early childhood provision in Kazakhstan, Hungary and England?’ In an international context where policy and investment have increasingly become focused on early childhood provision, the rationale for early childhood provision lacks consensus and within this diverse landscape, parents are positioned variably, for example, sometimes they are seen as less powerful than early childhood practitioners in their children’s lives, yet at other times as more powerful, sometimes as empowered consumers and busy employees, yet at other times as potential supporters of their children’s premature schoolification. Against this eclectic backdrop, inconsistencies are apparent in the nature of relationships between parents and early childhood providers, both within countries and between countries. The present study results from academic scholarships between universities in Kazakhstan, Hungary and England and draws on initial perceptions of disjuncture and connections that were scientifically established during a critical review of the three countries’ policy, literature and research regarding practitioner-parent partnerships in early childhood provision. The volume and quality of literature across the three countries was found to be variable but five key themes emerged from the literature. These five themes are then used to inform the second phase of the study: the capture of authentic narratives from Kazakh, Hungarian and English early childhood academics concerning parent-practitioner partnership in their home countries. The study is located in the interpretive paradigm and adopts narrative research in spoken and written forms. Adopted methods include critical review of the literature and semi-structured focus group interviews with experienced academics in the field of early childhood who have also worked as practitioners (n=18). Thematic analysis was utilised for both methods as it offered a valuable inductive model that fit the qualitative research design, allowing participants’ authentic voices to emerge. Due consideration was given to ethics, appropriate to each country’s protocols. In addition to the emergence of an overarching theme - ‘Parent partnership in early childhood provision in Hungary, Kazakhstan and England’ - other themes include, inter alia, parental choice in early childhood provision and power imbalances in parent-practitioner partnership in early childhood provision. The study process has allowed for new cross-cultural understandings between Hungary, Kazakhstan and England regarding parent-practitioner partnerships in the field of early childhood provision. It is expected that its final outcomes will enrich that understanding further in relation to extant themes and potentially new themes

EKSPERCKIE SYSTEMY ROZMYTE DO OCENY INTENSYWNOŚCI REAKTYWNEGO OBRZĘKU TKANEK MIĘKKICH U PACJENTÓW Z CUKRZYCĄ

The paper analyzes the main areas of application of mathematical methods in medical diagnostics, formulates principles of diagnostics based on fuzzy logic; developed mathematical models and algorithms that formalize the process of making diagnostic decisions based on fuzzy logic with quantitative and qualitative parameters of the patient's condition; developed mathematical models of membership function. Mathematical models and algorithms have been developed that formalize the process of making diagnostic decisions based on fuzzy logic with quantitative and qualitative parameters of the patient's condition; developed mathematical models of membership functions, formalizing the representation of quantitative and qualitative parameters of the patient's condition in the form of fuzzy sets, used in models and algorithms for diagnosis and finding a diagnosis of assessing the intensity of reactive postoperative edema in patients of all study groups. An expert system was implemented for solving the problems of medical diagnosis based on fuzzy logic when assessing the intensity of reactive swelling of soft tissues, which develops in the postoperative period in patients of all study groups against the background of diabetes. The paper analyzes the main areas of application of mathematical methods in medical diagnostics, formulates the principles of diagnostics based on fuzzy logic.W pracy analizowane są główne kierunki zastosowania metod matematycznych w diagnostyce medycznej, formułowane są zasady diagnostyki opartej na logice rozmytej; opracowywane są modele matematyczne i algorytmy formalizujące proces podejmowania decyzji diagnostycznych w oparciu o logikę rozmytą z ilościowymi i jakościowymi parametrami stanu pacjenta; opracowywane są modele matematyczne funkcji przynależności. Opracowano modele matematyczne i algorytmy formalizujące proces podejmowania decyzji diagnostycznych w oparciu o logikę rozmytą z ilościowymi i jakościowymi parametrami stanu pacjenta; opracowano modele matematyczne funkcji przynależności formalizujące reprezentację ilościowych i jakościowych parametrów stanu pacjenta w postaci zbiorów rozmytych wykorzystywanych w modelach i algorytmach diagnozowania i znajdowania rozpoznania nasilenia reaktywnego obrzęku pooperacyjnego u pacjentów wszystkich grup badawczych. Wdrożono system ekspercki do rozwiązywania problemów diagnostyki medycznej oparty na logice rozmytej w ocenie nasilenia reaktywnego obrzęku tkanek miękkich, który rozwija się w okresie pooperacyjnym u pacjentów wszystkich grup badawczych z cukrzycą. W artykule przeanalizowano cechy zastosowania metod matematycznych w diagnostyce medycznej, sformułowano zasady diagnostyki opartej na logice rozmytej

NEW SURFACE REFLECTANCE MODEL WITH THE COMBINATION OF TWO CUBIC FUNCTIONS USAGE

In the article the model of light reflection based on the combination of two cubic bidirectional reflectance distribution functions is developed. The main components of color and the main requirements for reproducing the object`s glares are analyzed. The usage characteristics of Cook-Torrance, Bagher, Oren-Nayar, coupled Shirley reflection models are described. The advantages and disadvantages of the highly productive Blinn-Phong model are considered. The necessity of approximating the Blinn-Phong model by a function of low degree is justified. The characteristics of the cubic polynomial approximation of the Blinn-Phong model are determined. It was established that the main drawback of this approximation is a significant deviation of the function from the reference function in the glare’s attenuation zone. The combined function that combines two cubic functions is proposed. The first cubic function reproduces the glare’s epicenter, and the second replaces the specified function in the attenuation zone. A system of equations for calculating the coefficients of the second function was created. The formula for the connection point of two cubic functions is obtained. A graph of the developed combined model based on cubic functions is obtained. For the combined and original cubic functions a comparison of the maximum relative errors in the glare’s epicenter zone, the maximum absolute errors, and the relative errors at the inflection point was made. A three-dimensional plot of the absolute error of the combined cubic model from the Blinn-Phong model depending on the shininess and the angle value is built. Visualization results based on the combined and the original cubic functions are compared. It is confirmed that the proposed reflection model increases the realism of glare formation in the attenuation zone. The resulting combined reflection model provides a highly accurate approximation of the Blinn-Phong model and is highly efficient because the third power function is used

The Probabilistic Model of Distortions of Agrosmart Data

The monitoring of distortions that were obtained on using of modern digital applications, e.g. AgroSmart application, are basic concept of the work. In the furtherance of the solution of this problem this work is presented the new model of distribution of probabilities of data distortion. The research of this model is formed throw full cycle adopted in statistics, namely, the model was constructed and researched, methods to find of estimations of the parameters was proposed, among which are determined unbiased estimates with good asymptotic properties and a practical application of the model is shown. The proposed model is new and it wasn't described in research earlier

Experience in developing professional competences of social pedagogues in higher educational institutions of Kazakhstan

In the era of integration, the key resource of the country is the training of professionals in the social sphere. Global trends require the development of competences among University students. The scientific novelty and theoretical significance of the study, which consists in studying the experience of training social pedagogues at higher education institutions in Kazakhstan, taking into account the modern competency-oriented paradigm of education, is justified. The authors revealed that the competency-based approach at Kazakhstani universities is implemented in accordance with the principles of the Bologna Declaration. The relationship between educational programs and professional standards in Kazakhstan is consistent with modern international documents, primarily the European qualification framework, expressed in the Dublin descriptors. The researchers describe educational programs for training social pedagogues, the typology of competences implemented in the system of professional training of future specialists is presented. It is proved that an important element of educational programs is their modular structure and calculation of the volume of academic load in ECTS credits. The authors, based on the identification of the nature and trends in the training of social pedagogues at Kazakhstani universities as well as the analysis of regulatory documents, identified the general and special in the process of developing the competences of social pedagogues and made a forecast about the need to focus on professional competences accepted by the world community

The problem of research and prevention of bullying in the school environment: analytical and practical aspects

The article considers the problem of studying and preventing, and also presents the results of the authors' practical experience - an express study to identify bullying in schools in Almaty. An analysis of the experience of foreign countries in preventing bullying shows that many of their programs are aimed at attracting all members of the teaching staff. The authors substantiate the fact that most programs do not take into account the potential "internal" resources of potential victims of bullying. The purpose of this study is an analytical study and practical justification of the problem of bullying in the school environment based on rapid research in teenage high schools. Some general characteristics typical of children at risk of bullying were noted on the basis of the results of Diagnostic methods: high level of anxiety, emotional lability, emotional volitional instability, timidity, low self-esteem, inadequate level of claims, low concentration of attention, avoidance - as the main strategy to overcome conflict situations. A “risk group” was identified based on the results of diagnostics and emotional development programs “World of Emotions” and trainings to develop skills to combat bullying, and “potential victims of bullying” were conducted with this risk group. The results showed positive dynamics, which confirmed the assumption that students need to develop skills to combat bullying - skills to combat bullying, such as: emotional stability, stability, poise, willpower, mental strength and so on