Contribution of NO synthases to neutrophil infiltration in the gastric mucosal lesions in rats with water immersion restraint stress

AbstractA decrease in constitutive NO synthase (cNOS) activity and an increase in inducible NO synthase (iNOS) activity occurred with an increase in myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, an index of neutrophil infiltration, in the gastric mucosa of rats with water immersion restraint (WIR) stress. This increase in gastric mucosal MPO activity was enhanced by pretreatment with NG-monomethyl l-arginine, a non-selective NOS inhibitor, but was prevented with maintenance of gastric mucosal cNOS activity by pretreatment with aminoguanidine, a selective iNOS inhibitor. The MPO activity was negatively correlated with the cNOS activity in all WIR-stressed rats used (r=−0.723). These results suggest that a decrease in cNOS activity could contribute to an increase in neutrophil infiltration in the gastric mucosa of WIR-stressed rats

Cholesterol uptake of isolated rat hepatocytes is accelerated by several kinds of phosphatidylcholine

AbstractUptake of cholesterol by isolated rat hepatocytes in a serum-free medium was remarkably enchanced by dispersion with several kinds of phosphatidylcholine. Of the various phosphatidylcholines tested, dilinoylphosphatidylcholine had the strongest accelerating effect, while dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine was the weakest. The abilities to accelerate cholesterol uptake were in proportion to the content of unsaturated fatty acid in the phosphatidylcholine used. It was confirmed by electron microscopy that there is no relation between the size of the cholesterol-phosphatidylcholine complex and uptake. These data suggest that recognition of unsaturated fatty acids in phosphatidylcholine by isolated cells enhances uptake of cholesterol.Cholesterol uptake(Isolated rat hepatocyte)PhosphatidylcholineUnsaturated fatty acidDioleoylphosphatidylcholineDipalmitoylphosphatidylcholin

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Various tissues of normal rat have been clarified it have high specificity in enzymatic activities which can hydrolyze FAD and FMN. When the rats were poisoned with CCl_4,the hydrolyzing activity, B_2 contents and alkaline phosphatase activity were altered particulary in the kidney and small intestine. The rabbits which were poisoned with HgCl_2,in the kidney the activity which can hydrolyze FMN was decreased remarkabl, and in the poisoned rabbit, FMN was excreted in large quantity in the urine after the venous injection of FAD and FMN

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As the quantitative methods of sugar in urine and blood. Hagedorn-Jensen\u27s, Benedict\u27s, Fujita-Iwatake\u27s, Somogyi-Nelson\u27s methods are used. Because of the existence of impediment, reductive substances except sugar in urine, Somogyi-Nelson\u27s method dose not be used for determination of sugar in urine. We investigated to clear the impediment, inhibitive mechanism of it on the Somogyi-Nelson\u27s method, and to remove it from urine. Ion exchange resins Dowex-50,Amberlite IRA-400 were useful to remove impedimeut NH_3,and reductive substances except sugar from rabbit rine

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蜂蜜の栄養効果について実験的に検討を行ない, 幼若ラットの生育試験, 血糖値の変動, 肝グリコーゲン生成および細胞取り込み量の実験的観察から次の結果を得た.1.蜂蜜添加食を投与した幼若ラットの生育は, 標準食投与群にくらべ良好で25日間で約20gの差が認められた.2.蜂蜜の静注投与時の家兎血糖値には著しい過血糖が認められず, グルコース投与時とは異なった血糖曲線となりフルクトース投与時の血糖曲線に類似した傾向となった.3.蜂蜜の経口投与時における家兎血糖曲線は静注投与時とは異なり, 投与50分後に一過性の過血糖がみられた.4.蜂蜜投与例では静注, 経口いずれの投与方法においても速やかなグリコーゲン生成がみられた.5.蜂蜜の腸管および細胞への取込みには特異性がみられ, 肝細胞が最も良好であった.The effect of honey on sugar metabolism of rats and rabbits was investigated observing blood sugar levels, formation of liver glycogen, sugar uptake of liver cell and diaphragm and inteatinal absorption of honey. The following results were obtained. 1) Body weight of young rats fed on honey was 20 g higher than that fed on sucrose after feeding for 25 days. 2) Blood sugar levels of rabbits administrated honey intravenously are not so high as those of administrated glucose. Oral administration of honey caused a slight increase of blood sugar levels. 3) Liver glycogen of rat by administration of honey increased quickly. 4) Higher sugar utilization of liver cell in vitro was observed when honey rather than glucose was added as substrate

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ラット肝ミトコンドリアの呼吸におよぼすRJの影響について実験を行ないRJの賦活効果およびその作用因子について次の結果を得た.1.RJの添加例におけるラット肝ミトコンドリアの呼吸は, 対照例に比べ32%の促進がみられた.2.RJ中の呼吸賦活化作用因子の一つとしてCa^が明らかとなった.Ca^はラット肝ミトコンドリア内に蓄積される傾向であった.しかし, この賦活作用はRJ中のCa^のみに依存するのではなく他の成分もこれに関与している.The effect of Royal Jelly on respiration of rat liver mitochondria is observed and the following results were obtained. 1) Royal Jelly promoted respiration of rat liver mitochondria 32% high in comparison with control. 2) Ca^ was one of the promoting factors of respiration and this ion was accmulated in mitochondri

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The general nutrient component , distribution of fructose and glucose , pH, acidity and rotatory in commercial honey of 25 kinds were investigated and compared with the values in the natural honey. The general components (water, sugar, fat, protein and ash) were determined by quantitative method . Contents of fat , protein and ash were less , but sugar was obtained most content as a majority component in honey , though the values lower than natural honey were also found in several cases . The ratio of fructose and glucose were found to be 0.95 to 1.18. It seemed that fructose content was a little higher than glucose, maltose and sorbitol as abnormal components were identified from a few material by paper chromatography. Experiments not only general components but also pH, acidity and rotatory were effective that the honey is natural or not