A new approach to balance dental fear and anxiety by using BachTM Flower Therapy

Treatments in dentistry currently consist of an interdisciplinary approach, including (but not necessarily limited to) the holistic perspective. The different fields of allopathic and complementary medicine are used together to ensure not only a high-quality restorative treatment, but also to provide patients with psychological and emotional support. This perspective also applies to dental anxiety, which consists of complex (emotional, vegetative and psychomotor) manifestations. One of the most well-known complementary therapies for reducing dental fear and anxiety is BachTM Flower Therapy. Even if the mechanism of action of this therapy is not yet scientifically documented, notable results have been and continue to be reported in the literature in several clinical studies on patients with dental diseases. It is indicated for both adults and children, in the latter when they go through major biological changes, such as primary and permanent dentition. As a conclusion, BachTM flower therapy is effective and complementary to dental treatments applied to patients, by reducing stress, anxiety, as well as creating a climate of peace, trust and confidence, both for the patient and the doctor. In addition, it is a relatively accessible and cheap form of care, with no significant adverse effects noted so far

The causes of adhesive direct dental restorations failures

The modern dental caries adhesive direct restoration requires a working protocol that includes stages and techniques that must be strictly followed to ensure the correct morphological and functional reconstruction, as well as an increased longevity of the restoration and implicitly of the respective tooth in the oral cavity. Failures in achieving these goals are represented by the occurrence of recurrent caries, secondary or residual caries, coronary fractures, leading to pulpal and periodontal complications. They can be due to both incorrect therapeutic maneuvers and other causes, for which the dentist is not responsible, such as manufacturing defects of dental materials that are not visible during inspection or the patient's attitude towards oral hygiene

SEM and EDS comparative studies about the homogeneity of some cements used for luting of posts

Objectives. The aim of the study was to evaluate comparatively by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrophotometry (EDS) the physical and chemical homogeneity of some luting materials used for cementation of three types of posts. Materials and method. We selected 12 irretrievable monoradicular teeth extracted in our dental offices. After extraction, all teeth were prepared for cementation with 4 different cements (NANOCORE DUAL, CEMBEST, PANAVIA SA and CEMENT-ONE) of three types of posts: prefabricated titanium post, FibreKleer 4x fiberglass post (Pentron) and post cast from NiCrMo alloy. Afterwards, the samples were embedded in resin and prepared metallographically for examination with the Phenom ProX scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrophotometer with X Rays. Results. SEM studies provide valuable ultrastructural information regarding the degree of filling with luting materials. The four studied cements do not present an inhomogeneous composition in the EDS analysis, not having significantly increased values between the 2 analyzed points for each of the 12 samples taken in the study. Conclusions. Among the four luting materials studied comparatively, PANAVIA SA seems to best fill the existing spaces between posts and the limits of dental preparations, being closely followed by CEMENT-One and CEMBEST. In last place is NANOCORE DUAL, which presents discontinuities in the mass of material and at the border with the preparations

CORRELATION BETWEEN THE RESTORATION METHOD AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF FRACTURES IN ENDODONTICALLY TREATED TEETH – A STUDY ON PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHIES

The aim of this study is to identify the restoration methods used by dentists in Romania and to relate them to the development of coronal or mixed fractures. Matherials and methods. 400 panoramic radiographies made between 2012 and 2017 were analized by an endodontics specialist. Teeth with endodontic treatment were identified and analized, their restoration method was noted and the fractures were detected. Results and discussions. The restoration methods prefered by the dentist in Romania are: dental bridges (35.72%), individual crowns (33.25%), fillings (28.64%) and a low percentage of onlays and other types of restorations. Fractures occur in less than 20% of the teeth, most of them from the lateral region. The main reasons for the appearance of fractures are: massive coronal direct restorations, bulky direct metallic posts that reduced the resistance of the roots, abutments and loosening of crowns. Conclusions. Endodontic treatments are more necessary in lateral teeth, direct fillings being the restoration method that led to the development of most of the fractures. Individual crowns have the lowest failure rates, while teeth without posts fractured twice as much as teeth that have them

Burning mouth syndrome. A case report from diagnosis to cure

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic disease of the oral mucosa characterized by persistent oral pain and no clinical lesions or abnormal biological investigations. This paper reports one case of BMS and discusses the main features of this disease's clinical and therapeutical management. A 60 years old female patient had burning sensation on the left lateral border of the tongue for 2.5 years. Local and systemic investigations found no abnormalities. The therapy included local and general medication and the symptoms were remitted. This case report highlights the heterogeneity of BMS, the associated comorbidities, and the evolution of symptoms from diagnosis to cure

THE IMPORTANCE OF INTRODUCING MEDICAL LEGISLATION IN THE UNIVERSITY TRAINING PROGRAM FOR STUDENTS

The place of medical legislation in the university curriculum remains somehow uncertain and should be identified more clearly. A more robust knowledge base on the law is needed to enable medical students to develop sufficient legal competence to manage the challenges of future practice. Further research is needed to identify the most effective methods of teaching, learning and assessing legal knowledge and skills, during and after the completion of initial medical education. An in-depth analysis of resources shows that there is no robust evidence base that evaluates the impact in different curricular structures of the efficient methods in developing the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors needed in medical practice of student. Moreover, only a limited number of studies refer to the results and effectiveness of teaching and learning the elements of medical legislation

CURRENT CONCEPTS ON ROTARY ROOT CANAL SHAPING

Root canal preparation is an important process in endodontic therapy. Root canals can be shaped in continuous motion by rotary instruments using a crown-down technique and a single lenght technique (simultaneous technique) as well. Most rotary systems require a crown-down approach to minimize torsional loads and to reduce the risk of instrument fracture. The most known of these are ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Gold (Dentsply Sirona). On the other hand, there are also on the market rotary systems that shape the canal in a single lenght technique. These are ProTaper Next (Dentsply Sirona) and Mtwo (VDW). These instruments are used without early coronal enlargement and are lead up to the working length without apical pressure. This work has the aim to compare the ability of two techniques to prepare uniform tapered the root canals and to maintain the original shape of curved canals during preparation

RELEVANCE OF IRRIGATION IN CLEANING THE ROOT CANAL ISTHMUSES

The root canal irrigation going along with instrumentation is a mandatory attitude in current endodontic practice. To increase the evacuation efficacy of dental pulp remnants, dentin debris and bacterial biofilms from root canals and lateral irregularities including canal isthmuses, various procedures of irrigants activation were conceived. If not yet quite satisfactory, among various techniques of irrigant activation currently used the passive ultrasonic activation proved to be more efficient to achieving cleaning and disinfection of root canal isthmuses

The Effectiveness of Different Final Irrigation Protocols for Removal of Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medication from Root Canal

Calcium hydroxide is the most used intracanalar medicament between apointments. It shoud be properly removed before root canal filling because its remnants could compromise the sealing of root obturation. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two type of irrigation solutions, EDTA and SmearClear in the removal of calcium hydroxide from root canals. Materials and method: twenty human single rooted teeth were prepared using ProTaper Universal instrumentation till F2, .06 taper. The canals were filled with Ca(OH)2 and after 7 days the Ca(OH)2 was removed using 3 rinses of 5 ml 15% EDTA and 5 ml 5.25% NaOCl alternately (group 1; n=10) or 3 rinses of 5 ml Smear Clear (SybronEndo) and 5 ml 5.25% NaOCl alternately (group 2; n=10). Results: On the final radiographs the best result was found in group 2 where the cleanliness of the total surface of the root canal wall when SmearClear was used obtained better results comparative to NaOCl – 15% EDTA (91.34% to 71.69%). Conclusions: under the limitation of this study, SmearClear was superior in removing Ca(OH)2 material compared to NaOCl and 15% EDTA irrigation solution

MILLING MACHINES TOOLS USED IN CAD-CAM TECHNOLOGY OF DENTAL PROSTHESES

Numerically controlled modern CAD-CAM milling machines tools dedicated to dental technology are kinematic structures that work in 4 or 5 axes and represent one of the key links of CAD-CAM technology flow. The 4-axis and 5-axis machines allow for superior quality of the milling surface integrity by controlling both the inclination of the feed angle and the direction of the milling guide on which depends the contact surface between the cutting tool and the workpiece. The milling tools are available for both dental offices and dental laboratories as well as for industrial dental laboratories. The CAD-CAM milling machines provide superior results to conventional methods in terms of mechanical strength in mastication and aesthetics of dental prosthese