Associations Between Parental and Child Overweight and Obesity

Results of the analysis showed that parents and children overweight/obesity were significantly correlated. The sample includes 318 pairs of mothers and children, and 336 pairs of fathers and children at the age 11.3±0.4 years in Trogir, Croatia. Child overweight and obesity were defined according to body mass index (BMI) 25 and 30 equivalents (kg/m2). The prevalence of total overweight in girls was 25.6% and among boys was 20.5%. Mother’s weight (p=0.003) and BMI (p=0.006) were greater in obese than in other groups of children. Overweight/obese children were more often found among overweight/obese mothers (p=0.009) and fathers (p=0.039). Correlation between overweight/obese children and their father (odds ratio 3.2, 95% CI 1.5–6.8) was stronger than between overweight/obese children and their mothers (odds ratio 2.2, 95% CI 1.2–3.9). Associations with mothers’ and daughters’ overweight/obesity were stronger (p=0.017) than mothers’ and sons’ (p=0.12). Correlations between children’s BMI and fathers’ BMI (r=0.265, p<0.0001) and between children’s BMI and mothers’ BMI (r=0.173, p=0.002) were significant. Children whose parents are overweight/ obese look for greater attention in future preventive programme

A personalized approach to the problem of obesity in primary pediatrics health care

Pretilost je kompleksna bolest uzrokovana interakcijom genetskih i okolišnih čimbenika. Kliničku i javnozdravstvenu pozornost pedijatara privlači zbog učestalosti, direktnih i indirektnih učinaka na morbiditet u dječjoj i adolescbetnoj dobi te dugoročno i na mortalitet u odrasloj dobi. Roditelji biraju pedijatre primarne zdravstvene zaštite i često ne percipiraju pretilost djece kao zdravstveni problem. Pedijatri primarne zdravstvene zaštite imaju povjerenje roditelja, što im, uz znanje i alate kontinuiranog nadzora rasta i razvoja djece, daje mogućnost koordinirane pravodobne intervencije, informiranja i savjetovanja. U preglednom se radu iznosi značenje objektivne dijagnostike pretilosti, razumijevanja nastanka jednostavne pretilosti, kao i pojavu pretilosti u sklopu sindroma i endokrinoloških bolesti. Analiziraju se mogućnosti racionalnog personaliziranog pristupa pretilom djetetu u odnosu na etiološku podlogu i potencijalni razvoj komorbiditeta. Poseban je istaknuta praktična primjena personaliziranih intervencija u pretilog djeteta na razini primarne pedijatrijske zdravstvene zaštite.Obesity is a complex disease caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Due to frequency, direct and indirect effects on morbidity in childhood and adolescence and in the long term mortality in adulthood it attracts clinical and public health attention of pediatricians. Parents choose their child primary care pediatricians and often do not perceive obesity in children as a health problem. Primary health care pediatricians enjoy the trust of parents, which together with their knowledge and tools of continuous monitoring the growth and development of children gives them possibility of coordinated timely intervention in terms of information and advice. The review paper presents the importance of objective diagnosis of obesity, understanding of the occurrence of simple obesity as well as the occurrence of obesity as part of syndromes and endocrinological disease. The possibilities od a rational personalized approach to an obese child are analyzed in relation to etiological basis and potential development of comorbidities. Special emphasis is placed on practical application of personalized interventions in obese children at the level of primary pediatrics health care

Organization and Functioning of Primary Health Care for Pre-school Children in Croatia: A Longitudinal Study from 1995 to 2012

Primary health care for children in Croatia are mostly provided by primary pediatricians (PP) in the urban and by family doctors in rural areas. During past decades, as a part of health care reforms, primary pediatric care experiences several changes. This study was undertaken in order to investigate the trends in organizational structure and functioning of the PPs, based on routinely collected data from Croatian Health Service Yearbooks, 1995 to 2012. The results have consistently shown a shortage of PPs in Croatia. The shortage obviously affects the average number of children per PP; number increased from 994 in 1995, to 1556 children in 2010, which was far above the standard. The shortage of PPs is also related to the high number of visits (30 to 40) per PP and per working day. The obtained results clearly show only the trends, therefore further research is needed for a full understanding of the PHC for pre-school children

Comparative Study of the Total Acidity Determination in Wine by Potentiometric and Volumetric Titration

Total acidity was determined in thirty-seven samples of Croatian red, white and rosé wines by potentiometric titration. In order to find the effect of the corresponding rate of the automatic titrant added, several procedures were employed. For different rates of titration, the aberrances were found from 0.1 to 0.4 g L–1 for some wines. The value of the total acid content in wine determined by the automatic potentiometric titration method was compared to that obtained by the conventional volumetric titration method. The ANOVA and cluster analysis (CA) were applied to detect possible resemblance. The results of total acidity depended on the methods used. However, a good correlation between the results by these methods was found

Neonatal Birth Weight Variations between Inland and Littoral Croatia

The aim of the study was to assess neonatal birth weight (BW) differences between inland and littoral Croatia, to identify BW groups with most pronounced differences, and possible variations in the rate of BW ł4000 g between [ibenik area and the rest of littoral (counties with access to the Adriatic Sea) and inland Croatia. The study included data on 99.42% of 200,740 live births recorded in 37 Croatian maternity hospitals during the 2001–2005 period. Distribution of 500-g BW groups was analyzed irrespective of neonatal sex and gestational age. Differences were found between the inland and littoral parts of Croatia according to distribution of the BW groups of <2500 g (5.4% vs. 4.4%), 2500–3999 g (84% vs. 80.2%) and ł4000 g (10.6% vs. 15.4%) (c2=882; p<0.001).The highest rate of BW ł4000 g was recorded in [ibenik-Knin County (5-year mean 18.32%) and was greater throughout the littoral as compared with inland Croatia (5-year mean 14.99% vs. 9.58%). A shift towards higher BW groups recorded throughout littoral as compared with inland Croatia supports the hypothesis on variation in anthropologic characteristics in the respective populations to be pronounced as early as at birth. Study results confirmed fetal macrosomia not to be exclusively characteristic of [ibenik-Knin County, since the rate of neonatal BW ł4000 g was significantly higher in the entire littoral as compared with inland Croatia

Lista prihvaćenih znanstvenih projekata - 2. ciklus

Lista prihvaćenih znanstvenih projekata - 2. ciklu

CHILD IN CONTEMPORARY CROATIAN SOCIETY

U Zagrebu je 12. prosinca 2009. održan simpozij »Dijete u suvremenome hrvatskom društvu«, koji su organizirali Hrvatsko pedijatrijsko društvo, Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti, Ministarstvo zdravstva i socijalne skrbi i UNICEF za Hrvatsku. Predavači su prikazali važne podatke o teškoćama kojima su izložena djeca u Hrvatskoj. Naime, nove bolesti, koje su u suvremenom svijetu sve češće u djece, zahtijevaju od svih koji su uključeni u zdravstvenu zaštitu djece nove pristupe radu, što podrazumijeva i dodatnu edukaciju. To nisu bolesti uobičajene u svakodnevnoj liječničkoj praksi. Pristup društva, zbog raznolikosti teškoća s kojima se djeca suočavaju, može biti samo multidisciplinaran. Temeljni nacionalni interes društva je usmjeriti više pozornosti i financijska sredstva na zdravstvenu zaštitu djece, jer to osigurava opstanak i zdravu budućnost društva. Taj pristup zahtijeva nacionalni konsenzus i jasnu političku odluku svih odgovornih službi.The symposium on the topic »Child in contemporary Croatian society«, organized by Croatian Pediatric Society, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ministry of health and social welfare and UNICEF Croatia Office, was held in Zagreb on December 12, 2009. The lecturers have shown important information on difficulties the children in Croatia are exposed to. Namely, diseases of the so called »new morbidity«, which are becoming more and more frequent in the contemporary world, demand a new approach of work from all who participate in healthcare for children, including additional education. These diseases are not part of a practitioner’s routine activity. Due to variety of problems children are exposed to, the approach can be only multidisciplinary. Basic national interest of every country (basic interest of every human society) should be to direct more attention and financial resources to the healthcare of children, which would ensure the existence and healthy future of the society. This approach requires a national consensus and clear political decision of all responsible official services

CHILD IN CONTEMPORARY CROATIAN SOCIETY

U Zagrebu je 12. prosinca 2009. održan simpozij »Dijete u suvremenome hrvatskom društvu«, koji su organizirali Hrvatsko pedijatrijsko društvo, Hrvatska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti, Ministarstvo zdravstva i socijalne skrbi i UNICEF za Hrvatsku. Predavači su prikazali važne podatke o teškoćama kojima su izložena djeca u Hrvatskoj. Naime, nove bolesti, koje su u suvremenom svijetu sve češće u djece, zahtijevaju od svih koji su uključeni u zdravstvenu zaštitu djece nove pristupe radu, što podrazumijeva i dodatnu edukaciju. To nisu bolesti uobičajene u svakodnevnoj liječničkoj praksi. Pristup društva, zbog raznolikosti teškoća s kojima se djeca suočavaju, može biti samo multidisciplinaran. Temeljni nacionalni interes društva je usmjeriti više pozornosti i financijska sredstva na zdravstvenu zaštitu djece, jer to osigurava opstanak i zdravu budućnost društva. Taj pristup zahtijeva nacionalni konsenzus i jasnu političku odluku svih odgovornih službi.The symposium on the topic »Child in contemporary Croatian society«, organized by Croatian Pediatric Society, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Ministry of health and social welfare and UNICEF Croatia Office, was held in Zagreb on December 12, 2009. The lecturers have shown important information on difficulties the children in Croatia are exposed to. Namely, diseases of the so called »new morbidity«, which are becoming more and more frequent in the contemporary world, demand a new approach of work from all who participate in healthcare for children, including additional education. These diseases are not part of a practitioner’s routine activity. Due to variety of problems children are exposed to, the approach can be only multidisciplinary. Basic national interest of every country (basic interest of every human society) should be to direct more attention and financial resources to the healthcare of children, which would ensure the existence and healthy future of the society. This approach requires a national consensus and clear political decision of all responsible official services