A complete design path for the layout of flexible macros

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Routing for reliable manufacturing

The impact of spot defects on the susceptibility for electrical failure of a net is analyzed. Based on this analysis, a general routing cost function is presented, in which the manufacturability of a net is taken into account in conjunction with traditional routing objectives. The new cost function, relating the process spot defects to the routing procedure has been implemented. Failure probabilities are analyzed for the benchmark layouts obtained by our routing tool using both the original cost function and the new cost function. The results show that the failure probability of a layout is significantly decreased if the spot defect mechanism is taken into account in the routing procedure, while the area of the layout is kept constan

A Complete Design Path for the layout of Flexiblle Macros

with the global route object function. After global placement and global routing are completed, the modules are to be assigned absolute fixed coordinates. The problem is assumed to be a linear arrangement problem. By making full use of the interchangeability of functionally equivalent pins for each module, it is shown that by combining the linear arrangement problem with the pin assignment problem, better results are obtained. Next, we present a general approach to retargetable detailed routing. The routing space is modeled as a three dimensional grid graph; all design rules are modeled in terms of this viii A complete design path for the layout of flexible macros grid. The resulting routing problem consists of finding a minimum cost Steiner tree for each net, for which a new approximation algorithm is presented. The algorithm combines the memory requirement resulting from the use of a grid with the quality of existing Steiner tree algorithms. It is shown tha

Routing for reliable manufacturing

The impact of spot defects on the susceptibility for electrical failure of a net is analyzed. Based on this analysis, a general routing cost function is presented, in which the manufacturability of a net is taken into account in conjunction with traditional routing objectives. The new cost function, relating the process spot defects to the routing procedure has been implemented. Failure probabilities are analyzed for the benchmark layouts obtained by our routing tool using both the original cost function and the new cost function. The results show that the failure probability of a layout is significantly decreased if the spot defect mechanism is taken into account in the routing procedure, while the area of the layout is kept constan

Prospective comparative study of MRI including diffusion-weighted images versus FDG PET-CT for the detection of recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinomas after (chemo)radiotherapy

Objective: This prospective study aims to test if MRI including diffusion weighted images can replace FDG PET-CT in the diagnosis of patients with suspicion of local recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinomas after (chemo)radiation. Methods: Seventy-five patients suspected of local recurrence underwent a MRI and a FDG PET-CT. Qualitative assessment of the images was performed. Reference standard was the results of biopsy or the absence of a recurrence during follow up. Results: Seventy patients were included. Fifty percent had local recurrence. FDG PET-CT had accuracy of 71% compared to 73% for MRI. The sensitivity and specificity were 97% compared to 69% and 46% compared to 77% for FDG PET-CT and MRI respectively. Conclusions: MRI showed similar diagnostic accuracy, superior specificity but inferior sensitivity compared to FDG PET-CT. Based on current results, we consider MRI including diffusion weighted sequences unable to replace FDG PET-CT as a single imaging modality when local recurrent disease of HNSCC after (C)RT is suspected