Joint Intermodal and Intramodal Label Transfers for Extremely Rare or Unseen Classes

In this paper, we present a label transfer model from texts to images for image classification tasks. The problem of image classification is often much more challenging than text classification. On one hand, labeled text data is more widely available than the labeled images for classification tasks. On the other hand, text data tends to have natural semantic interpretability, and they are often more directly related to class labels. On the contrary, the image features are not directly related to concepts inherent in class labels. One of our goals in this paper is to develop a model for revealing the functional relationships between text and image features as to directly transfer intermodal and intramodal labels to annotate the images. This is implemented by learning a transfer function as a bridge to propagate the labels between two multimodal spaces. However, the intermodal label transfers could be undermined by blindly transferring the labels of noisy texts to annotate images. To mitigate this problem, we present an intramodal label transfer process, which complements the intermodal label transfer by transferring the image labels instead when relevant text is absent from the source corpus. In addition, we generalize the inter-modal label transfer to zero-shot learning scenario where there are only text examples available to label unseen classes of images without any positive image examples. We evaluate our algorithm on an image classification task and show the effectiveness with respect to the other compared algorithms.Comment: The paper has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. It will apear in a future issu

Influence of unsymmetrical periodicity on extraordinary transmission through periodic arrays of subwavelength holes

Quadrate hole array is explored to study the influence of unsymmetrical periodicity on extraordinary optical transmission through periodic arrays of subwavelength holes. It is found that the transmission efficiency of light and the ratio between transmission efficiencies of horizontal and vertical polarized light can be continuously tuned by rotating the quadrate hole array. We can calculate out the transmission spectra (including the heights and locations of peaks) for any rotation angle $\theta$ with a simple theoretical model.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Kinematic properties of the dual AGN system J0038+4128 based on long-slit spectroscopy

The study of kiloparsec-scale dual active galactic nuclei (AGN) will provide important clues to understand the co-evolution between the host galaxies and their central supermassive black holes undergoing a merging process. We present long-slit spectroscopy of the J0038$+$4128, a kiloparsec-scale dual AGN candidate discovered by Huang et al. recently, using the Yunnan Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (YFOSC) mounted on Li-Jiang 2.4-m telescope at Yunnan observatories. From the long-slit spectra, we find that the average relative line-of-sight (LOS) velocity between the two nuclei (J0038$+$4128N and J0038$+$4128S) is about 150 km s$^{-1}$. The LOS velocities of the emission lines from the gas ionized by the nuclei activities and of the absorption lines from stars governed by the host galaxies for different regions of the J0038$+$4128 exhibit the same trend. The same velocities trend indicates that the gaseous disks are co-rotating with the stellar disks in this ongoing merge system. We also find several knots/giant HII regions scattered around the two nuclei with strong star formation revealed by the observed line ratios from the spectra. Those regions are also detected clearly in HST $F336W/U$-band and HST $F555W/V$-band images.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics accepte

Fundamental aspects of solid dispersion technology for poorly soluble drugs

AbstractThe solid dispersion has become an established solubilization technology for poorly water soluble drugs. Since a solid dispersion is basically a drug–polymer two-component system, the drug–polymer interaction is the determining factor in its design and performance. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of solid dispersions both in the solid state and in dissolution, emphasizing the fundamental aspects of this important technology