Postoperative High-Dose Intravenous Iron Sucrose with Low Dose Erythropoietin Therapy after Total Hip Replacement

Erythropoietin combined with parenteral iron sucrose therapy is an alternative to blood transfusion in anemic patients. It was shown to be effective in surgical patients in several previous studies when used in conjunction with other methods. However, there are no guidelines about safety limits in dosage amounts or intervals. In this study, we report a case of significant postoperative hemorrhage managed with high dose parenteral iron sucrose, low dose erythropoietin, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and folic acid. An 80-year-old female patient presented for severe anemia after a total hip arthroplasty and refused an allogenic blood transfusion as treatment. The preoperative hemoglobin of 12.2 g/dL decreased to 5.3 g/dL postoperatively. She received the aforementioned combination of iron sucrose, erythropoietin, and vitamins. A total of 1,500 mg of intravenous iron sucrose was given postoperatively for 6 consecutive days. Erythropoietin was also administered at 2,000 IU every other day for a total of 12,000 IU. The patient was discharged in good condition on the twelfth postoperative day with a hemoglobin of 8.5 g/dL. Her hemoglobin was at 11.2 g/dL on the twentieth postoperative day

친환경 소재를 이용한 태양광 담수화 장치 제조

solar vapor generation; desalination; Prussian blue; cellulose nanofiber; agar hydrogel ; Polypyrrole ; JuteSolar vapor generation is a sustainable solution to address the global shortage of fresh water. While various solar evaporation devices have been developed with significant evaporation rates, there are still challenges such as fabrication difficulties, potential environmental hazards, scalability, ease of fabrication, cost, and evaporation efficiency. In this study, we present two solar evaporation devices, one made of agar hydrogel and Prussian blue immobilized on cellulose nanofiber, and the other consisting of vertically aligned and lattice-arrayed polypyrrole decorated 3D jute cords, inspired by a rice paddy field. The CNF-PB/AHG device demonstrates a high evapora-tion rate of 2.22 kg m-2 h-1, while the PPy-jute-cord evaporation system shows a high evaporation rate of 3.47 kg m-2 h-1 under 1 kW m-2 of simulated solar illumination. Both devices exhibit excellent desalination performance, and the daily fresh water generation in the solar still field test reaches 5.95 kg m-2 day-1 and 33.24 kg m-2 day-1, respectively. These newly developed solar evaporation systems are environmentally safe, low-cost, and easy to manufacture, providing a promising solution to the global water crisis.|태양열 증기 생성은 전 세계적으로 담수 부족 문제를 해결하기 위한 지속 가능한 솔루션입니다. 다양한 태양 증발 장치가 상당한 증발 속도로 개발되었지만 여전히 제조 어려움, 잠재적인 환경 위험, 확장성, 제조 용이성, 비용 및 증발 효율성과 같은 문제가 있습니다. 본 연구에서는 셀룰로오스 나노섬유에 고정된 한천 하이드로겔과 프러시안 블루로 만든 태양 증발 장치와 논에서 영감을 얻은 수직 정렬 및 격자 배열 폴리피롤 장식 3D 황마 코드로 구성된 두 가지 태양 증발 장치를 제시합니다. CNF-PB/AHG 장치는 2.22 kg m-2 h-1의 높은 증발률을 보이는 반면 PPy-jute-cord 증발 시스템은 1 kW에서 3.47 kg m-2 h-1의 높은 증발률을 나타냅니다. 모의 태양 조명의 m-2. 두 장치 모두 우수한 담수화 성능을 나타내며 태양광 스틸 필드 테스트에서 일일 담수 생성은 각각 5.95kg m-2 day-1 및 33.24kg m-2 day-1에 이릅니다. 새로 개발된 이 태양열 증발 시스템은 환경적으로 안전하고 저렴하며 제조가 용이하여 세계적인 물 위기에 대한 유망한 솔루션을 제공합니다.Abstract i List of contents ii List of figures iii List of 약어 vi Ⅰ. Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 Ⅱ. Theoretical background 7 2.1 Solar vapor evaporation 7 2.2 Photothermal material 7 2.3 Substrate 8 Ⅲ. Materials and methods 9 3.1.1 Materials 9 3.1.2. Preparation of PB nanoparticles immobilized on CNF (CNF-PB) 9 3.1.3. Preparation of Colloidal PB (CPB) 10 3.1.4. Preparation of Solar Vapor Generation Devices 10 3.1.5. Characterization 10 3.1.6. Water swelling test 11 3.1.7. Solar Vapor Generation Experiments 11 3.1.8. Re-fabrication of the Device 11 3.1.9. Day and Night Simulated Solar Desalination Tests n 12 3.1.10. Solar Desalination Field Tests 12 3.2.1 Materials 13 3.2.2 Characterization 13 3.2.3 Preparation of photothermal jute cord decorated with PPy (P-JUTE) 13 3.2.4 Water absorption and transport test 14 3.2.5 Fabrication of 2D and 3D P-JUTE Solar Evaporators (PJEs) 14 3.2.6 Simulated open evaporation experiments with/without solar irradiation 14 3.2.7 Simulated open evaporation experiments of seawater with solar simulator 15 3.2.8 Solar Desalination Field Test with a Solar Still 16 Ⅳ. Results and Discussions 17 4.1.1. Preparation and characterization of the solar vapor generation devices 17 4.1.2. Solar Vapor Generation Experiments 26 4.1.3. Used Device Re-fabrication and Vapor Generation Tests 28 4.1.4. Simulated Long Term Day and Night Desalination Test 33 4.1.5. Solar Desalination Field Test 33 4.2.1. Strategy to fabricate a 3D lattice-arrayed evaporator with 1D natural fiber cords 37 4.2.2 Preparation and characterization of PPy decorated jute cord (P-JUTE) and 3D evaporators with P-JUTE (PJEs) 39 4.2.3 Investigation of the solar evaporation behaviors of the PJEs 43 4.2.4 Investigation of the solar evaporation performance of PJEs for desalination 48 4.2.5 Solar desalination field test with a solar still 51 Ⅴ. Conclusion 55 5.1Conclusions 55 Ⅵ. References 58MasterdCollectio

An easily scalable, durable, and highly efficient three-dimensional solar evaporator inspired by a rice paddy field

Interfacial solar evaporation is a sustainable solution to overcome the shortage of fresh water. Although several solar evaporation systems capable of significant performance have been developed over the past few years, limitations remain with regard to their scalability, ease of fabrication, cost, and evaporation efficiency. In this report, we demonstrate a three-dimensional (3D) solar evaporation system composed of vertically aligned and lattice-arrayed polypyrrole (PPy) decorated 1D jute cords, inspired by a rice paddy field. The evaporators show a high evaporation rate of 3.47 kg m−2 h−1 under 1 kw m−2 of simulated solar illumination. This result arises from the combined effects of the photothermal performance of PPy and the vigorous side-surface evaporation accelerated by the acquisition of additional heat from the surroundings. The evaporators exhibited high evaporation performance during a long-term simulated seawater evaporation experiment due to their good salt-rejecting capability. The daily evaporation performance in a solar still field test reached 33.24 kg m−2 day−1 due to the synergistic effects of high temperature and humidity conditions in the solar still. In conclusion, the newly fabricated 1D-to-3D transformed PPy-decorated jute-cord evaporation system is a low cost solar evaporation system that is also easy to scale and manufacture. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.FALS

Improvement in current density of nano- and micro-structured Si solar cells by cost-effective elastomeric stamp process

Effective incident light should be controlled for improving the current density of solar cells by employing nano- and micro-structures on silicon surface. The elastomeric stamp process, which is more cost effective and simpler than conventional photolithography, was proposed for the fabrication of nano- and micro-structures. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was poured on a mother pattern with a diameter of 6 μm and a spacing of 2 μm; then, curing was performed to create a PDMS mold. The regular micropattern was stamped on a low-viscosity resin-coated silicon surface, followed by the simple reactive ion etching process. Nano-structures were formed using the Ag-based electroless etching process. As etching time was increased to 6 min, reflectance decreased to 4.53% and current density improved from 22.35 to 34.72 mA/cm2

Environmentally safe and renewable solar vapor generation device based on Prussian blue nanoparticles immobilized on cellulose nanofibers

Solar vapor generation is a sustainable solution to overcome the shortage of fresh water. Although several solar vapor generation devices showing significant evaporation rates have been developed over the past years, there are still remaining problems such as fabrication difficulties and potential environmental hazards. In this report, we demonstrate a solar evaporation device composed of agar hydrogel (AHG) and Prussian blue (PB) immobilized on cellulose nanofiber (CNF). The CNF-PB/AHG device shows a high evaporation rate of 2.22 kg m−2 h−1 under one sun illumination arising from the combined effects of the high water-transport performance of CNF/AHG and the good photothermal ability of PB. The device does not exhibit salt fouling or any decline in desalination performance under a long-term day and night simulation due to the salt-rejection ability of AHG. The average fresh water generation in the field test is 5.95 kg m−2 day−1. Furthermore, the used device can be resurrected without decline of the vapor generation performance through a simple re-fabrication process due to the remarkable stability of CNF-PB and reversible sol-gel transition of AHG. In conclusion, the CNF-PB/AHG device is an environmentally safe, low-cost, easily manufacturable, and renewable solar desalination system. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.1