Clinical symptoms, paraclinical tests and histopathological results in children with acute appendicitis in Zabol southeast of Iran: a cross-sectional study

Background: This article aimed to assessment clinical signs and symptoms, paraclinical tests and histopathological results in children with acute appendicitis.Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted on 100 children with acute appendicitis in an urban hospital in southeast of Iran from January to December 2016. Participants were selected by simple random sampling method. Clinical signs and symptoms, paraclinical tests and histopathological results recorded in checklists. The data were analyzed using SPSS 22.Results: Mean age of the patients was 10.26±3.25, fourthly-eight of patients (58.5%) were males and 34 patients (41.5%) were females. The most frequent clinical signs and symptoms were acute suppurative appendicitis with peri appendicitis (45.83%) and acute suppurative appendicitis (39.58%). The most frequent results in ultrasound reports were Intestinal loop thickness greater than 6 mm without peristalsis (positive report) (46.34%) and Invisible appendix (nega Hesaraki tive report) (13.41%).Conclusions: The results of this study showed that abdominal pain and RLQ tenderness were the most common signs and symptoms and WBC left-shift was the most common laboratory finding. Since the rate of negative appendectomy in this study was consistent with surgical results and other articles, it is concluded that diagnostic accuracy of preoperative appendectomy was acceptable and most children with acute appendicitis underwent appendectomy

A comparison of serum and transcutaneous methods for diagnosis of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

Background: Bili-Check is a simple test for non-invasive, quick, and painless estimation of the total serum bilirubin. This research aimed to compare serum and transcutaneous methods for the diagnosis of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: In this descriptive study, a sample of 120 neonates diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia was selected using convenience non-probability. They were hospitalized in Amir Al-Momemin Hospital of Zabol, Iran in 2013. The extent of neonatal bilirubin was measured by NINGBO DAVID and lab test. Then, they were compared. The data were analyzed using correlation and t-test in SPSS 22.Results: In this descriptive study, a sample of 120 neonates diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia was selected using convenience non-probability. They were hospitalized in Amir Al-Momemin Hospital of Zabol, Iran in 2013. The extent of neonatal bilirubin was measured by NINGBO DAVID and lab test. Then, they were compared. The data were analysed using correlation and t-test in SPSS 22.Conclusions: The results showed that Bili-Check can be recommended as an appropriate tool for screening and monitoring phototherapy process. The serum method can be replaced by Bili-check

Effect of probiotic supplement (kidilact) on prevention of acute diarrhea in children: a double-blind randomized clinical trial

Background: Acute viral diarrhea is one of the most common diseases in children, which is associated with high risk of mortality. The present study aimed to determine the effect of Kidilact on the treatment of children with acute diarrhea.Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 84 children aged 6-60 months with diarrhea, hospitalized in pediatric ward of Amir al-Mu'minin hospital of Zabol, Iran. The patients who met the inclusion criteria were included and assigned to the control and treatment groups (42 patients in each group). Data collection instruments included clinical examination of participants in terms of gender, medication, diet, stool test, weight, average heart rate, average respiratory rate, average body temperature, and average frequency of defecation Data was analyzed with descriptive and analytical tests (chi-square, Fisher's exact test, t-test, etc.) in SPSS-21.Results: Body temperature, heart rate, and frequency of defecation significantly reduced in the intervention group after three days (p<0.05). In addition, weight gain presented an improving trend in the intervention group, but not significantly different from the control group (p<0.05).Conclusions: Findings indicated that the use of Kidilact may be helpful in the treatment of acute viral diarrhea in children and play a key role in early recovery, reduction of disease severity, and improvement of vital signs in these patients

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles on Antibiotic-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major characteristics of infectious agents. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been introduced as novel antibacterial agents in accordance with the traditional treatments. Our purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs on the Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) that are resistant to antibiotics. Methods: During a cross-sectional study, we tried to evaluate 20 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from the urine cultures of patients admitted to the hospital due to urinary tract infections. The AgNPs were commercially purchased. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AgNPs in different concentrations was determined by the dilution in wells on bacteria. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of P. aeruginosa was evaluated by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion standard. Results: Current study indicated that P. aeruginosa were resistant to four types of agents including ampicillin (85%), nitrofurantoin (65%), nalidixic acid (65%), and ciprofloxacin (15%) and result of nanosilver indicated that the most MIC was 100 ppm concentration, and six strains of P. aeruginosa were inhibited by it. Conclusion: Our study presented a new type of silver nanoparticle and indicated that they can be embedded in bone cement to prevent infections once synthetic conditions are tailored for such applications