Un nuevo rastro lacustre enigmático en el Mioceno superior de la Sierra de las Cabras (Jumilla, Murcia, España)

A new fossil trackway is described in the upper lacustrine Miocene in the Prebetic Zone of the Iberian Peninsula, in town (Murcia region) called Aenigmatichnus jumillensis nov. ichnogen. nov. ichnosp. This trackway consists of a made up of sets of three tracks or triads, which are subparallel to each other, arranged in alternate groups. Each track presents a depression formed by a central body that is three times as long as it is wide, with straight or slightly curved walls, with shorter bodies placed at the ends, one of the ends being shorter and more pronounced than the opposite, which is longer stretched. All the biomechanical possibilities compatible with an anatomical design that could leave the impression of alternate triads of tracks are analysed. The supports are only from the extremities on one side of the organism (left or the displacement being by translation. It is concluded that it had to be a large arthropod (metre scale), with a hexapod decapod (less probably octopod), which had to be dragged laterally by a current in a very shallow lake or wetland environment. To date, no fossil organism is known, nor its current equivalent, that corresponds to these characteristics.Se describe una nueva pista fósil en el Mioceno superior lacustre de la Zona Prebética de la Península Ibérica, en la localidad de Jumilla (Región de Murcia) denominada Aenigmatichnus jumillensis nov. ichnogen. nov. ichnosp. Esta pista presenta un patrón que está formado por conjuntos de tres huellas o tríadas, subparalelas entre sí, y dispuestas en grupos alternos. Cada huella presenta una depresión formada por un cuerpo central que es tres veces más largo que ancho, con las paredes rectas o ligeramente curvadas. Presenta también dos cuerpos más cortos situados en los extremos, siendo uno de ellos más corto y pronunciado que el opuesto, que es más largo y estirado. Se analizan todas las posibilidades biomecánicas compatibles con un diseño anatómico que pudiera dejar la impresión de tres apéndices alternos. Los apoyos son sólo de las extremidades de un lado del organismo (izquierda o derecha), siendo el desplazamiento por traslación. Se concluye que tuvo que tratarse de un artrópodo de gran tamaño (escala métrica), ya fuera un hexápodo o decápodo (menos probablemente octópodo), que tuvo que ser arrastrado lateralmente por una corriente en un entorno lacustre o humedal muy poco profundo. Hasta la fecha, no se conoce ningún organismo fósil, ni su equivalente actual, que responda a estas característicasFunding for open access publishing: Universidad de Huelva/ CBUA. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva/CBUA. Thanks to Nicholas Minter an anonymous reviewer for comments and suggestions, which improved the manuscript. This study has been partially supported by the project PID2019- 104625RB-100 of the Ministry of Science and Innovation, State Research Agency, and by the Junta de Andalucía to the Research Group RNM276 of the CCTH of the University of Huelva

A new enigmatic lacustrine trackway in the upper Miocene of the Sierra de las Cabras (Jumilla, Murcia, Spain)

Se describe una nueva pista fósil en el Mioceno superior lacustre de la Zona Prebética de la Península Ibérica, en la localidad de Jumilla (Región de Murcia) denominada Aenigmatipodus jumillensis nov. ichnogen. nov. ichnosp. Esta pista presenta un patrón que está formado por conjuntos de tres huellas o tríadas, subparalelas entre sí, y dispuestas en grupos alternos. Cada huella presenta una depresión formada por un cuerpo central que es tres veces más largo que ancho, con las paredes rectas o ligeramente curvadas. Presenta también dos cuerpos más cortos situados en los extremos, siendo uno de ellos más corto y pronunciado que el opuesto, que es más largo y estirado. Se analizan todas las posibilidades biomecánicas compatibles con un diseño anatómico que pudiera dejar la impresión de tres apéndices alternos. Los apoyos son sólo de las extremidades de un lado del organismo (izquierda o derecha), siendo el desplazamiento por traslación. Se concluye que tuvo que tratarse de un artrópodo de gran tamaño (escala métrica), ya fuera un hexápodo o decápodo (menos probablemente octópodo), que tuvo que ser arrastrado lateralmente por una corriente en un entorno lacustre o humedal muy poco profundo. Hasta la fecha, no se conoce ningún organismo fósil, ni su equivalente actual, que responda a estas características.A new fossil trackway is described in the upper lacustrine Miocene in the Prebetic Zone of the Iberian Peninsula, in Jumilla town (Murcia region) called Aenigmatipodus jumillensis nov. ichnogen. nov. ichnosp. This trackway consists of a pattern made up of sets of three tracks or triads, which are subparallel to each other, arranged in alternate groups. Each track presents a depression formed by a central body that is three times as long as it is wide, with straight or slightly curved walls, with two shorter bodies placed at the ends, one of the ends being shorter and more pronounced than the opposite, which is longer and stretched. All the biomechanical possibilities compatible with an anatomical design that could leave the impression of three alternate triads of tracks are analysed. The supports are only from the extremities on one side of the organism (left or right), the displacement being by translation. It is concluded that it had to be a large arthropod (metre scale), with a hexapod or decapod (less probably octopod), which had to be dragged laterally by a current in a very shallow lake or wetland environment. To date, no fossil organism is known, nor its current equivalent, that corresponds to these characteristics

El yacimiento de icnitas de vertebrados de la Hoya de la Sima (Mioceno termina). Jumilla, Murcia, España

En 1997 se descubrió el yacimiento de donde provenían las lajas de yeso con huellas de pisadas de animales y que eran utilizadas para solar bodegas. La cantera de la Hoya de la Sima ha proporcionado numerosos rastros de vertebrados aunque solamente se haya preparado menos de un 10% de su extensión. El equipo del Ayuntamiento de Jumilla y los equipos de investigación geológica han desarrollado conjuntamente un plan de estudio, limpieza y mantenimiento del yacimiento con el fin de protegerlo y promocionar su visita. La edad de los yesos es Messiniense (Mioceno terminal) y la importancia científica reside principalmente en las mismas huellas ya que es la primera vez que se reconocen algunas de ellas de esta edad en España y también en el análisis de su conservación en este tipo de materiales. Es un claro ejemplo del trabajo conjunto entre diferentes equipos en los que se integran entidades locales con la finalidad de reconocer el Patrimonio Geológico de la zona, mantenerlo y prepararlo para su uso con carácter no destructivo. [ABSTRACT] In 1997, the source site for the gypsum layers with animal footprints used to line wine cellars was discovered. The Hoya de la Sima quarry has provided many traces of vertebrates despite the fact that so far less than 10% of its extension has been unveiled. Through collaboration between the town council of Jumilla and several geology research teams, a proposal to study, clean and maintain the site has been drawn up for its protection and to attract visitors. The gypsums have been aged as Messinian (end Miocene) and their scientific value mainly lies in the prints themselves, since this is the first time prints of this age have been identified in Spain, and in their preservation in this type of deposit. This project is the clear result of collaboration among several teams, including those from local institutions, targeted at recognizing the Geological Heritage of the area, and preserving and protecting this natural resource

The Geology in the Jumilla local Museum (Murcia, Spain)

En Noviembre de 2007 se inauguró en Jumilla (Murcia) el Museo Municipal de Ciencias de la Naturaleza y Etnografía. La planta baja de este Museo, ubicado en un palacete del siglo XIX, está dedicada totalmente a la Geología del Altiplano de Jumilla–Yecla y en especial al Municipio de Jumilla. Se compone de cuatro Salas: Sala de recepción, dedicada a facilitar la comprensión de la relación tiempo/espacio en Geología comparándolo con el tiempo humano; Sala de fósiles de invertebrados de los yacimientos del Municipio, con un total de 607 ejemplares correspondientes a 12 yacimientos; Sala dedicada a la Mineralogía con 441 ejemplares de minerales y rocas y Sala dedicada a los yacimientos de huellas y huesos de vertebrados de edad Messiniense y Pleistoceno, con 51 piezas de huesos de vertebrados y 20 losas de yesos y calizas con huellas; se completa esta Sala con reproducciones a tamaño natural de los animales reconocidos en los restos y con grandes recreaciones del entorno ecológico en el que vivían. El interés despertado por este Museo, queda justificado con el censo de más de 10.000 visitantes en el primer año de funcionamiento.The Jumilla Municipal Museum dedicated to the Natural Sciences and Ethnography, was opened in 2007. It is located in a mansion built in the XIX Century. The ground floor is dedicated completely to the regional Geology, mainly to the Jumilla-Yecla area, and it is subdivided in four exhibition halls: 1) the first one is dedicated to the time and space relationship in Geology. 2) The second one is dedicated to the local invertebrate fossils sites (607 speciments). 3) The third one shows 441 mineral and rock speciments of local and other Spanish areas origins. 4) The fourth one is the largest exhibition hall and shows local vertebrate ichnites and bones of Upper Miocene and Pleistocene ages (51 vertebrate bones and 20 gypsum and limestone metrical slabs with abundant ichnites). Here, large exhibition- pannels representing animal reprodutions at real scale are showed together with their environmental reconstructions. Once the Museum was opened, 10.000 people visited it during the first year.Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEEspaña. Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia. Dirección General de Investigaciónpu

Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

This study aimed to describe the change in surgical practice and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on mortality after surgical resection of colorectal cancer during the initial phases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Contribution to knowledge of the last dinosaur footprints in Europe. Persistence of ornithopods in the upper Maastrichtian of SE Spain

In the locality of Rambla de los Gavilanes (Betic Chain Murcia, Spain), six new outcrops with dinosaur footprints are reported from an uppermost Cretaceous succession of coastal marine deposits. Four of these sites are found in the upper part of the lower Maastrichtian and the other two in the upper Maastrichtian, these latter located only a few meters below the Cretaceous-Paleocene boundary (K/Pg). Traces appear as impressions or as natural casts, on tabular limestone beds consisting of micritic carbonate facies, these deposited in coastal marine areas that include a variety of environments (coastal lakes, tidal flats, salt marshes, and shallow coastal lakes). Two main types of traces have been recognized, respectively attributed to sauropod footprints and large ornithopod footprints with remarkable pointed hoof marks. The Maastrichtian sites with large ornithopod footprints in Europe are reported from Spain, Poland and Romania. Sauropod (titanosaurian), theropod (Irenesauripus and other undetermined theropods), and ornithopod footprints have been found at sites located up to 20 m below the K/Pg boundary. The Spanish dinosaur ichnites known closest to the K/Pg boundary are in the Pyrenean upper Maastrichtian, and are tridactyl, theropod and ornithopod (Hadrosauropodus and Amblydactylus) footprints. In this work, the assignation of the Rambla de los Gavilanes ornithopod footprints has been made following the recommended synthesis in several recent papers which reduce the large ornithopod ichnogenus to four