Synthesis and antitumor activity of mechercharmycin A analogues

Several analogs of the cytotoxic thiopeptide IB-01211 or Mechercharmycin A (1) have been synthetized. The cytotoxicity of 1 and the synthetized analogs was evaluated against a panel of three human tumor cell lines. Thiopeptide 1 and the most active derivatives, 2 and 3c, were chosen for further studies like effects on cell cycle progression and induction of apoptosis. Interestingly, the inhibition of cell division and activation of a programmed cell death by apoptosis was detected

Morphometry ofDiaphorina citri(Hemiptera: Liviidae) on Six Rutaceae from Veracruz, Mexico

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar la caracterización morfométrica de Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), así como conocer si el hospedero ejerce alguna influencia importante en la definición de variantes específicas. Los caracteres medidos fueron la longitud del cuerpo, longitud y amplitud de alas anteriores y procesos genales, y longitud de antenas. Los machos y hembras se analizaron de manera independiente. Las medidas obtenidas se sometieron a un análisis de varianza y a un análisis de componentes principales. La mayor variación morfométrica y menor talla se encontró en especímenes machos colectados en hospederos no preferenciales como Citrus limetta Risso, C. sinensis (L.) ‘Selección 8’ y C. paradisi Macfad.; mientras que los más grandes y menos variables en C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. ‘Marrs ‘, C. sinensis (L.) cv. ‘Valencia’ y Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack. Los caracteres con variación notable fueron la longitud y amplitud de las alas anteriores y de los procesos genales. Se encontró mayor variación morfométrica en machos que en hembras. Los resultados mostraron que D. citri es una especie con variantes morfométricas y probablemente el hospedante posee un efecto determinante en la definición de caracteres. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae) morphometrically, as well to determine whether the host has a relationship to a specific morphometric variation. The traits measured were body length, antenna length, lengths and widths of genal processes, and forewing length and width. Females and males were analyzed separately. The measures obtained were subjected to an analysis of variance and principal components analysis. The greatest morphometrical variation and smallest sizes were found in males collected from non-prefered hosts such as Citrus limetta Risso, C. sinensis (L.) ‘Selection 8’ and C. paradisi Macfad.; while, the least variations and largest sizes were found on C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. ‘Marrs’, C. sinensis (L.) cv. ‘Valencia’ and Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack. The traits with notable variation were lengths and widths of forewings and genal processes. Greater morphometrical variations were found in males than in females. The results indicate that D. citri is a species with morphometrical variants and probably the host is a determinant in the definition of characters

Melolonthidae nocturnos (Coleoptera) recolectados en la zona agrícola agavera de Jalisco, México

In order to know the nocturnal fauna of Melolonthidae from the main agave tequilero fields in Jalisco, Mexico, monthly captures of adults were carried out from May to August 2007, using a fluorescent light black trap, funnel type, in Ixtlahuacán del Río, Tepatitlán de Morelos and San Juanito de Escobedo, Jalisco, Mexico. A total of 57,263 specimens included in 20 species were collected. Phyllophaga ravida (Blanchard) (58.7%), Paranomala cincta (Say) (14.1%), hyllophaga misteca (Bates) (11.6), P. dentex (Bates) (2.5%) and Paranomala hoepfneri (Bates) (1.8%) were the best represented species. The highest abundance was registered in June (96%) and the lowest capture in July. The greatest species richness (17 species) was recorded in Tepatitlán de Morelos. A key to identify the recorded species is included.Con la finalidad de conocer la fauna de melolóntidos nocturnos en las zonas agaveras de mayor importancia en el estado de Jalisco, se realizaron capturas mensuales de mayo a agosto de 2007, utilizando una trampa de luz fluorescente negra tipo embudo, en Ixtlahuacán del Río, Tepatitlán de Morelos y San Juanito de Escobedo, Jalisco, México. Se recolectaron un total de 57,263 especímenes pertenecientes a 20 especies. Phyllophaga ravida (Blanchard) (58.7%), Paranomala cincta (Say) (14.1%), Phyllophaga misteca (Bates) (11.6), P. dentex (Bates) (2.5%) y Paranomala hoepfneri (Bates) (1.8%) fueron las especies mejor representadas. La mayor abundancia se presentó en el mes de junio (96%) y la menor en el mes de julio (0.02%). La mayor riqueza específica (17 especies) se presentó en Tepatitlán de Morelos. Se incluye una clave para identificar las especies encontradas

Aportaciones científicas del CENID COMEF de 1994-2020: estado del arte de su investigación forestal : Contibucoes científicas do CENID COMEF de 1994-2020: estado da arte de sua pesquisa florestal

El Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Conservación y Mejoramiento de Ecosistemas Forestales (Cenid Comef) perteneciente al Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) se fundó en 1994 con la focalización de generar conocimientos científicos y tecnológicos en materia forestal. El objetivo del trabajo fue realizar una recopilación y síntesis de la investigación forestal (estado del arte) desarrollada en dicho centro para el periodo 1994-2020. La metodología que se utilizó fue de tipo documental de dos fases: la heurística que abarca la búsqueda documental relevante del tema, su organización y captura (e.g., consultas en repositorios digitales, bibliotecas y construcción de bases de datos) y la hermenéutica que comprende la relación con el contexto, su análisis e interpretación, tendencia y evolución de los tópicos de investigación (e.g., tendencias, tasas de cambio). Las aportaciones de investigación que se seleccionaron como relevantes para el análisis fueron: artículos científicos, capítulos de libro, folletos, generación de tecnologías y libros. Así mismo, se consideró la cobertura geográfica de las contribuciones a fin de visualizar el grado de incidencia de las investigaciones en un contexto espacial. Un total de 255 aportaciones de investigación fueron reportados para el periodo de investigación (27 años), con máximos en 2019 (27) y mínimos en 1997 (0). Las aportaciones más representativas de la investigación fueron los artículos científicos (54 %), seguidos por capítulos de libro (16 %) y libros (11 %). La cobertura geográfica de las aportaciones fue en su mayoría de carácter nacional (25 %), regional (24 %) y estatal (23 %), lo que confirma la amplia incidencia geográfica del Cenid Comef. La tendencia temporal indica un mayor crecimiento en los últimos años, principalmente en la producción de artículos científicos relacionados a los campos de monitoreo de recursos naturales con sensores remotos (geomática), sanidad forestal y socioeconomía. Este tipo de estudios permite conocer el comportamiento histórico de la investigación forestal, además de detectar áreas de oportunidad y necesidades de investigación a futuro.&nbsp

Twenty years of ground-based NDACC FTIR spectrometry at Izaña Observatory - overview and long-term comparison to other techniques

High-resolution Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) solar observations are particularly relevant for climate studies, as they allow atmospheric gaseous composition and multiple climate processes to be monitored in detail. In this context, the present paper provides an overview of 20 years of FTIR measurements taken in the framework of the NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) from 1999 to 2018 at the subtropical Izaña Observatory (IZO, Spain). Firstly, long-term instrumental performance is comprehensively assessed, corroborating the temporal stability and reliable instrumental characterization of the two FTIR spectrometers installed at IZO since 1999. Then, the time series of all trace gases contributing to NDACC at IZO are presented (i.e. C2H6, CH4, ClONO2, CO, HCl, HCN, H2CO, HF, HNO3, N2O, NO2, NO, O3, carbonyl sulfide (OCS), and water vapour isotopologues H162O, H182O, and HD16O), reviewing the major accomplishments drawn from these observations. In order to examine the quality and long-term consistency of the IZO FTIR observations, a comparison of those NDACC products for which other high-quality measurement techniques are available at IZO has been performed (i.e. CH4, CO, H2O, NO2, N2O, and O3). This quality assessment was carried out on different timescales to examine what temporal signals are captured by the FTIR records, and to what extent. After 20 years of operation, the IZO NDACC FTIR observations have been found to be very consistent and reliable over time, demonstrating great potential for climate research. Long-term NDACC FTIR data sets, such as IZO, are indispensable tools for the investigation of atmospheric composition trends, multi-year phenomena, and complex climate feedback processes, as well as for the validation of past and present space-based missions and chemistry climate models.The Izaña FTIR station has been supported by the German Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) via DLRunder grants 50EE1711A and by the Helmholtz Society via the research program ATMO. In addition, this research was funded by the European Research Council under FP7/(2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement nº 256961 (project MUSICA), by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for the project MOTIV (GeschaFTIRzeichen SCHN 1126/2-1), by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad from Spain through the projects CGL2012-37505 (project NOVIA) and CGL2016-80688-P (project INMENSE), and by EUMETSAT under its Fellowship Programme (project VALIASI)

Izaña Atmospheric Research Center. Activity Report 2015-2016

This report is a summary of the many activities at the Izaña Atmospheric Research Center to the broader community. The combination of operational activities, research and development in state-of-the-art measurement techniques, calibration and validation and international cooperation encompass the vision of WMO to provide world leadership in expertise and international cooperation in weather, climate, hydrology and related environmental issues

Izaña Atmospheric Research Center. Activity Report 2021-2022

Editors: Emilio Cuevas, Celia Milford and Oksana Tarasova.[EN]The Izaña Atmospheric Research Center (IARC), which is part of the State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), is a site of excellence in atmospheric science. It manages four observatories in Tenerife including the high altitude Izaña Atmospheric Observatory. The Izaña Atmospheric Observatory was inaugurated in 1916 and since that date has carried out uninterrupted meteorological and climatological observations, contributing towards a unique 100-year record in 2016. This reports are a summary of the many activities at the Izaña Atmospheric Research Center to the broader community. The combination of operational activities, research and development in state-of-the-art measurement techniques, calibration and validation and international cooperation encompass the vision of WMO to provide world leadership in expertise and international cooperation in weather, climate, hydrology and related environmental issues.[ES]El Centro de Investigación Atmosférica de Izaña (CIAI), que forma parte de la Agencia Estatal de Meteorología de España (AEMET), representa un centro de excelencia en ciencias atmosféricas. Gestiona cuatro observatorios en Tenerife, incluido el Observatorio de Izaña de gran altitud, inaugurado en 1916 y que desde entonces ha realizado observaciones meteorológicas y climatológicas ininterrumpidas y se ha convertido en una estación centenaria de la OMM. Estos informes resumen las múltiples actividades llevadas a cabo por el Centro de Investigación Atmosférica de Izaña. El liderazgo del Centro en materia de investigación y desarrollo con respecto a las técnicas de medición, calibración y validación de última generación, así como la cooperación internacional, le han otorgado una reputación sobresaliente en lo que se refiere al tiempo, el clima, la hidrología y otros temas ambientales afines

Izaña Atmospheric Research Center. Activity Report 2019-2020

Editors: Emilio Cuevas, Celia Milford and Oksana Tarasova.[EN]The Izaña Atmospheric Research Center (IARC), which is part of the State Meteorological Agency of Spain (AEMET), is a site of excellence in atmospheric science. It manages four observatories in Tenerife including the high altitude Izaña Atmospheric Observatory. The Izaña Atmospheric Observatory was inaugurated in 1916 and since that date has carried out uninterrupted meteorological and climatological observations, contributing towards a unique 100-year record in 2016. This reports are a summary of the many activities at the Izaña Atmospheric Research Center to the broader community. The combination of operational activities, research and development in state-of-the-art measurement techniques, calibration and validation and international cooperation encompass the vision of WMO to provide world leadership in expertise and international cooperation in weather, climate, hydrology and related environmental issues.[ES]El Centro de Investigación Atmosférica de Izaña (CIAI), que forma parte de la Agencia Estatal de Meteorología de España (AEMET), representa un centro de excelencia en ciencias atmosféricas. Gestiona cuatro observatorios en Tenerife, incluido el Observatorio de Izaña de gran altitud, inaugurado en 1916 y que desde entonces ha realizado observaciones meteorológicas y climatológicas ininterrumpidas y se ha convertido en una estación centenaria de la OMM. Estos informes resumen las múltiples actividades llevadas a cabo por el Centro de Investigación Atmosférica de Izaña. El liderazgo del Centro en materia de investigación y desarrollo con respecto a las técnicas de medición, calibración y validación de última generación, así como la cooperación internacional, le han otorgado una reputación sobresaliente en lo que se refiere al tiempo, el clima, la hidrología y otros temas ambientales afines

MOLNUPIRAVIR COMPARED TO NIRMATRELVIR/RITONAVIR FOR COVID-19 IN HIGH-RISK PATIENTS WITH HAEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCY IN EUROPE. A MATCHED-PAIRED ANALYSIS FROM THE EPICOVIDEHA REGISTRY

Introduction: Molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir are antivirals used to prevent progression to severe SARS-CoV-2 infections, which reduce both hospitalization and mortality rates. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was authorised in Europe in December 2021, while molnupiravir is not yet licensed in Europe as of February 2022. Molnupiravir may be an alternative to nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, because it displays less frequent drug-drug interactions and contraindications. A caveat connected to molnupiravir derives from the mode of action inducing viral mutations. In clinical trials on patients without haematological malignancy, mortality rate reduction of molnupiravir appeared less pronounced than that of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Little is known about the comparative efficacy of the two drugs in patients with haematological malignancy at high-risk of severe COVID-19. Thus, we here assess the effectiveness of molnupiravir compared to nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in our cohort of patients with haematological malignancies. Methods: Clinical data of patients treated either with molnupiravir or nirmatrelvir/ritonavir monotherapy for COVID-19 were retrieved from the EPICOVIDEHA registry. Patients treated with molnupiravir were matched by sex, age (±10 years), and baseline haematological malignancy severity to controls treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Results: A total of 116 patients receiving molnupiravir for the clinical management of COVID-19 were matched to an equal number of controls receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. In each of the groups, 68 (59%) patients were male; with a median age of 64 years (IQR 53-74) for molnupiravir recipients and 64 years (IQR 54-73) for nirmatrelvir/ritonavir recipients; 57% (n=66) of the patients had controlled baseline haematological malignancy, 13% (n=15) stable, and 30% (n=35) had active disease at COVID-19 onset in each of the groups. During COVID-19 infection, one third of patients from each group were admitted to hospital. Although a similar proportion of vaccinated patients was observed in both groups (molnupiravir n=77, 66% vs nirmatrelvir/ritonavir n=87, 75%), those treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir had more often received four doses (n=27, 23%) as compared to patients treated with molnupiravir (n=5, 4%, p<0.001). No differences were detected in COVID-19 severity (p=0.39) or hospitalization (p=1.0). No statistically significant differences were identified in overall mortality rate (p=0.78) or in survival probability (d30 p=0.19, d60 p=0.67, d90 p=0.68, last day of follow up p=0.68). In all patients, deaths were either attributed to COVID-19 or the infection contributed to death as per treating physician's judgement. Conclusions: In high-risk patients with haematological malignancies and COVID-19, molnupiravir showed rates of hospitalization and mortality comparable to those of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in this matched-pair analysis. Molnupiravir appears to be a plausible alternative to nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for COVID-19 treatment in patients with haematological malignancy

Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in COVID-19 patients with haematological malignancies: a report from the EPICOVIDEHA registry

Background: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment decreases the hospitalisation rate in immunocompetent patients with COVID-19, but data on efficacy in patients with haematological malignancy are scarce. Here, we describe the outcome of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment in a large cohort of the latter patients. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study from the multicentre EPICOVIDEHA registry (NCT04733729) on patients with haematological malignancy, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between January and September 2022. Patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were compared to those who did not. A logistic regression was run to determine factors associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir administration in our sample. Mortality between treatment groups was assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival plots after matching all the patients with a propensity score. Additionally, a Cox regression was modelled to detect factors associated with mortality in patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Findings: A total of 1859 patients were analysed, 117 (6%) were treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 1742 (94%) were treated otherwise. Of 117 patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 80% had received ≥1 anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose before COVID-19 onset, 13% of which received a 2nd vaccine booster. 5% were admitted to ICU. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment was associated with the presence of extrapulmonary symptoms at COVID-19 onset, for example anosmia, fever, rhinitis, or sinusitis (aOR 2.509, 95%CI 1.448-4.347) and 2nd vaccine booster (aOR 3.624, 95%CI 1.619-8.109). Chronic pulmonary disease (aOR 0.261, 95%CI 0.093-0.732) and obesity (aOR 0.105, 95%CI 0.014-0.776) were not associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use. After propensity score matching, day-30 mortality rate in patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was 2%, significantly lower than in patients with SARS-CoV-2 directed treatment other than nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (11%, p = 0.036). No factor was observed explaining the mortality difference in patients after nirmatrelvir/ritonavir administration. Interpretation: Haematological malignancy patients were more likely to receive nirmatrelvir/ritonavir when reporting extrapulmonary symptoms or 2nd vaccine booster at COVID-19 onset, as opposed to chronic pulmonary disease and obesity. The mortality rate in patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was lower than in patients with targeted drugs other than nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Funding: EPICOVIDEHA has received funds from Optics COMMIT (COVID-19 Unmet Medical Needs and Associated Research Extension) COVID-19 RFP program by GILEAD Science, United States (Project 2020-8223)