Resistance Status of Aedes Aegypti Larvae to Temephos in West Banjarmasin

Temephos has been used in controlling vector of dengue hemorrhagic fever, Aedes aegypti since long time ago. Long and continous USAge of insecticides can increase the occurrence of resistance. This research aim to know the resistance of Ae. aegyptiin West Banjarmasin. We used experimental study with post test only with control group design. There were 8 groups of temephos treatment; 0,005 ppm, 0,01 ppm, 0,015 ppm, 0,03 ppm, 0,045 ppm, 0,060 ppm, 0,075 ppm and 0,090 ppm. Each group was exposed for the Ae.aegypti larvae and dead larvae observed after 24 hours exposure. Based on probit analysis, effective doses of temephos to ki1l50% larvae (Lethal Concentraticn/l.Cj..) was between 0,0064 - 0,0126 ppm (average = 0,00957 ppm) and LCgg was between 0,0196 - 0,0340 ppm (average = 0,0243 ppm). This research indicated that Ae.aegypti larvae in West Banjarmasin is resistant to temephos

Risk Factors of the Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Banjarmasin City, Kalimantan, Indonesia

Pulmonary tuberculosis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, including Indonesia. In South Kalimantan, an increasing incidence of tuberculosis up to the year 2010 which were taken using a smear-positive reached 3,237 cases, the largest was in Banjarmasin City which reached 642 cases and the detection rate still low, which is 52, 1%. To investigate the relationship among environmental risk factors of the house (residential density, the air temperature, humidity, ventilation, and natural lighting), smoking behavior and alcohol consumption among tuberculosis patients with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Banjarmasin City. This study was an analytic observational with case control study. The subjects were tuberculosis patients with smear-positive as a case group and smear-negative as a control group. Residential density, the air temperature, ventilation, natural lighting, smoking behavior and alcohol consumption significantly associated with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Banjarmasin City. While the humidity was not significantly associated. The most dominant risk factors in the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Banjarmasin City were inappropriate of the air temperature in subjects with a history of household contact with tuberculosis patient, natural lighting, and house ventilation