THE EFFECT OF REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AT HOME ON PATIENTS'PHYSICAL STATUS AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASSES SURGERY

Introduction: Chronic diseases such as heart diseases have adverse effects on the physical, psychological, social performance, and overall quality of life of patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of regular physical activity at home on the quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods: This Quasi-experimental study was carried out on patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass surgeries.58 patients from Urmia Syedolshoheda hospital were selected randomly and then allocated into two intervention and control groups randomly. Data collected with using MacNew quality of life questionnaire. Patients in intervention group were trained with combined exercises at least three times a week and performed this exercises for 12 week at home. Data were analyzed using Chi-sqaure, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon testes. Results: Findings of the study showed promotion in quality of life domains in physical, emotional and social after performance of regular physical activity at home in intervention group (P=0.001). A significant difference was observed between patients quality of life after regular physical activity in intervention and the control groups (P=0.001). Conclusion: Regular physical activity at home has important effects on patients' promotion of quality of life after coronary artery bypass surgeries. Therefore, it is suggested that after CABG patients be trained with regular physical activity at home

Toxoplasmosis in Patients with Cardiac Disorders: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Toxoplasmosis is a common and serious infection caused by an obligatory intracellular protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii. This study investigated the possible association between heart failure and toxoplasmosis. We searched for toxoplasmosis and heart failure patients in English databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Sciences, Science Direct, EMBASE, and Google Scholar up to June 2018. A total of 6 studies and 1,795 participants, comprising 934 cases and 861 controls, had acceptable criteria for entering the study. Im­munoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against T. gondii were found in 53% (22 to 83) of patients with heart diseases and 26% (11 to 42) of healthy controls. In comparison, immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were found in 0.5% (0.1 to 1) in patients with heart diseases and 0.3% (0 to 0.7) of healthy controls. The patients suffering from cardiac disorders were more significantly correlated to anti-T. gondii IgG (OR: 3.53; 95% CI, 2.27 to 5.47; P = 0.014) and IgM (OR: 1.80; 95% CI, 0.31 to 10.4; P = 0.028) seropositivity than healthy controls. Despite limitations such as the low number of studies, our research showed a high association between toxoplasmosis and cardiac disorders. Therefore, toxoplasmosis may be a risk factor in cardiac patients, and more studies are being done

Explaining the relationship between psychosocial stress and job performance in banking industry: An integrated model

Background and purpose: this study presents an integration of past research and theory that models the impact of the different levels of psychosocial stress and job performance. According to this model, the causal relationship between the different levels of psychosocial stress and job performance are considerable. Methods: The integrated model of this study was presented based on of past research and theory models. Data to test the proposed models were collected from bank employees. Different path models were developed and goodness-of- fit of models was evaluated. Correlation coefficient regression analysis by forward method and T-test was used to evaluate the relationship between variables. Alpha level less than 0.05 were considered significance. Results: The result of study suggested a positive and direct relationship between stress in "task level" and "socio-organizational level“with perceived stress of employees. Too, the negative and indirect relationship between scales "organizational culture" and "leadership style" from socio-organizational level with job performance was showed. Conclusion: The results of the relationship between psychosocial stress and job performance can be achieved more accurate by using the model in similar the population with the same demographic characteristics.&nbsp

"Theory based health education: Application of health belief model for Iranian obese and overweight students about physical activity" in Urmia, Iran

Background: Obesity is a major problem in both developed and underdeveloped countries. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a physical education program (PEP) on promoting health belief model (HBM) scores, increasing physical activity (PA), and reducing obesity among Iranian high school students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was accomplished at four high schools that were randomly divided into two groups of experiment (forty) and control (forty) male students in junior high schools in Urmia, Iran. Students in the experimental group received a PEP during 6 months. The essential parameters were used for evaluating the effects of educational program on HBM, PA, and body mass index (BMI) of students. Results: After the intervention of 3 and 6 months, the experimental group showed a significant difference on the results of HBM constructs. According to the result of repeated-measures ANOVA, there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups about the components of PA constructs. Analysis of covariance showed that although BMI reduced in 6 months after intervention, there was no significant difference in BMI. Conclusions: Results of the study revealed that implementation of PEP was effective on increasing the score of the components of HBM and PA of students

The Effect of Peer Mentoring Program on Nursing Students’ Stressors in Clinical Environment

Introduction: Without clinical education, efficient nursing education is hardly achievable. Nursing Students recall clinical education as their most stressful course ever. Peer mentoring may be one of the strategies to reduce student stress in the clinical environment. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects that a peer mentoring program has on nursing students’ stress factors in clinical environment. Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental study on 44 second-semester nursing students of Urmia Nursing and Midwifery School who were selected through census. They were randomly divided into two groups as control (21) and intervention (23). In intervention group, a 7th semester nursing student mentor took the responsibility of guiding and supporting each group of 4-5 second semester students. The instrument for data collection was the Farsi version of Clinical Experience Assessment from developed by Kack & Kleehammer. Data were analyzed using Chi², Wilcoxon, and Mann-Whitney test. Results: Clinical Stressor Scores of students in the intervention group declined from 50.45 to 41.9. Wilcoxon test also showed a significant statistical difference (P=0.001). In the control group, no significant difference before and after the intervention (P=0.06) was seen. Conclusion: Peer mentoring program leads to a reduction in nursing students’ stressors in clinical environment. Therefore, it is recommended to use this method in clinical educatio

Effects of Terazosin and Tolterodine on Ureteral Stent Related Symptoms: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial

Objective To evaluate the effects of terazosin and tolterodine on ureteral stent discomfort. Materials and Methods Of 163 patients assessed for eligibility, 104 patients were randomly assigned to receive placebo, 2 mg of terazosin twice daily, 2 mg of tolterodine daily, or both terazosin plus tolterodine during the stenting period. Prior to stenting and at stent removal, the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the IPSS quality of life (QoL) subscore and the Visual Analog Scale for Pain were determined. The patients also reported their analgesic use during the stenting period. Results Ninety-four patients completed the study. We noted significant decreases in the total IPSS scores (p = 0.002), irritative subscore (p = 0.039), QoL (p = 0.001), flank pain (p = 0.013), voiding pain (p = 0.01) and amount of analgesics used (p = 0.02) in the groups. However, neither the obstructive subscore nor the suprapubic pain improved significantly (p = 0.251 and p = 0.522, respectively). The patients receiving terazosin plus tolterodine experienced significant reductions in the total IPSS, irritative symptoms, QoL, flank pain, voiding pain and decreased analgesics use compared with those patients receiving placebo. However, compared with placebo, terazosin monotherapy did not affect pain levels, and tolterodine monotherapy did not improve QoL, flank pain or analgesics use. Conclusions Terazosin plus tolterodine improves ureteral stent-related complications, including irritative symptoms, the amount of analgesics used, QoL, flank pain and voiding pain but does not decrease obstructive symptoms or suprapubic pain. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01530243

Study Skills and Factors Influencing it among Health Sciences Students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: Studies show that in addition to intelligence and emotional characteristics of learners as well as quality of education, study skills and strategies play an important role in learners’ academic achievement especially for university students. The aim of this study was to investigate study skills and factors influencing it among health sciences students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study, 340 health sciences students were selected using census. Data was collected via Study Skills Assessment Questionnaire of Counseling Center of Houston University (SSAQ-CCHU). After the questionnaire was translated and its reliability and validity was confirmed, it was used to assess students’ study skills. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Mean score and standard deviation of study skill scores were 172.5±23.2 out of 240 among students under investigation. Study skills were reported to be weak among 5(1.2%), moderate in 295(86.8%) and good among 40(12%) students. Among different areas of study skills, the highest scores respectively belonged to time management, concentration, and memory that were considered to be in the good level, and other areas were put in subsequent levels. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between study skills scores with students' family accommodation status (p=0.02, t=2.15) and their academic level (p=0.03, t=1.47). Conclusion: Although study skills for majority of participants showed a moderate level, but it was far behind good/desirable level. Therefore, improvement and promotion of study skills among university students require for designation and implementation of educational programs regarding study strategies and to be considered by academic institutes and education centers