PERENCANAAN DAN PEMBUATAN PENGONTROL MODUL DIRECT DIGITAL SYNTHESIZER AD9850 SEBAGAI PEMBANGKIT FREKUENSI BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO

PERENCANAAN DAN PEMBUATAN PENGONTROL MODUL DIRECT DIGITAL SYNTHESIZER AD9850 SEBAGAI PEMBANGKIT FREKUENSI BERBASIS ARDUINO UNO Wilfridus M. Halek, NIM 1212210 Dosen Pembimbing : Dr. F. Yudi Limpraptono, ST, MT dan Dr. Eng. I Komang Somawirata, ST, MT Jurusan Teknik Elektro S-1, Konsentrasi Teknik Elektronika Fakultas Teknologi Industri Institut Teknologi Nasional Malang Jln. Raya Karanglo Km. 2 Malang Email : [email protected] ABSTRAK Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) menerapkan metode pembangkit gelombang analog secara digital dengan cara membangkitkan sinyal digital yang berubah-ubah terhadap waktu kemudian diubah kedalam bentuk analog menggunakan digital to analog converter (DAC). IC AD9850 merupakan pembangkit gelombang analog yang menerapkan metode DDS, dimana frekuensi yang dibangkitkannya dapat diubah sesuai kebutuhan penggunanya. Arduino Uno berfungsi memproses data dari keypad sebagai unit masukkan (input) untuk selanjutnya mengirimkan data hasil perhitungan dan pemrosesan tersebut ke modul DDS AD9850. Perencanaan dan pembuatan alat ini bertujuan untuk pengontrol modul Direct Digital Synthesizer AD9850 sebagai pembangkit frekuensi menggunakan Arduino Uno dan frekuensi dapat diatur sesuai yang diinginkan dengan menggunakan Keypad Matriks dan LCD akan menampilkan nilai dari frekuensi yang dibangkitkan. Hasil pengujian pembangkit frekuensi ini dengan rentang frekuensi dari 1 Hz hingga 42 MHz berupa gelombang sinus dengan nilai selisih rata-rata sebesar 0,00057 %. Kata Kunci : Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS), AD9850, Arduino Uno, Keypad Matrik

Validity, reliability, and feasibility of a quality of life questionnaire for people with dementia

Public Health and primary careGeriatrics in primary car

Security Games with Market Insurance

Abstract. Security games are characterized by multiple players who strategically adjust their defenses against an abstract attacker, repre-sented by realizations of nature. The defense strategies include both ac-tions where security generates positive externalities and actions that do not. When the players are assumed to be risk averse, market insurance enters as a third strategic option. We formulate a one-shot security game with market insurance, characterize its pure equilibria, and describe how the equilibria compare to established results. Simplifying assumptions include homogeneous players, fair insurance premiums, and complete in-formation except for realizations of nature. The results add more realism to the interpretation of analytical models of security games and might inform policy makers on adjusting incentives to improve network security and foster the development of a market for cyber-insurance

Heterogeneity in Health Insurance Coverage Among US Latino Adults

We sought to determine the differences in observed and unobserved factors affecting rates of health insurance coverage between US Latino adults and US Latino adults of Mexican ancestry. Our hypothesis was that Latinos of Mexican ancestry have worse health insurance coverage than their non-Mexican Latino counterparts. The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) database from 1999–2007 consists of 33,847 Latinos. We compared Latinos of Mexican ancestry to non-Mexican Latinos in the initial descriptive analysis of health insurance coverage. Disparities in health insurance coverage across Latino categories were later analyzed in a multivariable logistic regression framework, which adjusts for confounding variables. The Blinder-Oaxaca technique was applied to parse out differences in health insurance coverage into observed and unobserved components. US Latinos of Mexican ancestry consistently had lower rates of health insurance coverage than did US non-Mexican Latinos. Approximately 65% of these disparities can be attributed to differences in observed characteristics of the Mexican ancestry population in the US (e.g., age, sex, income, employment status, education, citizenship, language and health condition). The remaining disparities may be attributed to unobserved heterogeneity that may include unobserved employment-related information (e.g., type of employment and firm size) and behavioral and idiosyncratic factors (e.g., risk aversion and cultural differences). This study confirmed that Latinos of Mexican ancestry were less likely to have health insurance than were non-Mexican Latinos. Moreover, while differences in observed socioeconomic and demographic factors accounted for most of these disparities, the share of unobserved heterogeneity accounted for 35% of these differences

Wet deposition of hydrocarbons in the city of Tehran-Iran

Air pollution in the city of Tehran has been a major problem for the past three decades. The direct effects of hydrocarbon contaminants in the air are particularly important such as their carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic effects which can be transported to other environments via dry and wet deposition. In the present study, rainwater samples were collected and analyzed for 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX) as well as fuel fingerprints in two ranges of gasoline (C5–C11) and diesel fuel (C12–C20) using a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC/FID). Mean concentrations of ∑16 PAHs varied between 372 and 527 µg/L and for BTEX was between 87 and 188 µg/L with maximum of 36 µg/L for toluene. Both gasoline range hydrocarbons (GRH) and diesel range hydrocarbons (DRH) were also present in the collected rainwater at concentrations of 190 and 950 µg/L, respectively. Hydrocarbon transports from air to soil were determined in this wet deposition. Average hydrocarbon transportation for ∑PAHs, BTEX, GRH, and DRH was 2,747, 627, 1,152, and 5,733 µg/m2, respectively