9 research outputs found
Primjena ekonomskih mjerila vrsnoÄe u osnivanju broda
Za zadane vrijednosti nosivosti, brzine te omjera glavnih dimenzija i koeficijenta iskoristivosti istisnine osniva se inicijalni brod. VarirajuÄi duljinu i omjere glavnih dimenzija inicijalnog broda osniva se flota brodova. Za sve brodove iz generirane flote izraÄunavaju se ekonomske znaÄajke za razliÄite kombinacije brzine, kamata i životnog vijeka. TretirajuÄi ove znaÄajke kao ekonomska mjerila vrsnoÄe biraju se najbolji brodovi prema: najmanjem troÅ”ku izrade, najmanjem troÅ”ku izrade po toni nosivosti, najveÄem koeficijentu iskoristivosti istisnine, najmanjim životnim troÅ”kovima po toni nosivosti, najmanjoj zahtijevanoj vozarini, najveÄoj dobiti po toni nosivosti, najbržem povratu kapitala i najveÄoj sadaÅ”njoj vrijednosti projekta. U radu je utvrÄeno da u izboru najboljeg broda prevladavaju ekonomska mjerila u odnosu na tehniÄke kriterije
Ekonomska mjerila kao kriterij u osnivanju broda
Pojavom standardnih pravila u projektiranju brodova, a koja su u veÄini prihvatila klasifikacijska druÅ”tva dolazi do ujednaÄavanja kriterija za gradnju brodova. Primjenom novih pravila znaÄajno Äe se produžiti efektivni vijek trajanja broda i to na 35-40 godina u odnosu na danaÅ”nji prosjek od 25 godina Å”to vodi relativnom skraÄenju vremena amortizacije. TroÅ”ak goriva postaje glavni Äimbenik optimizacije te naspram kutijastih formi s maksimiziranim blok koeficijentom i omjerom B/T razmiÅ”ljanja idu ka vitkijim i "normalnijim" formama. Da bi postigli uspjeh u novim projektima uz analize veÄ steÄenog znanja moramo uÄiniti korak natrag i uložiti veÄi napor u fazu konceptualnog projektiranja uz oprez da se ne oslanjamo samo na jedan kriterij ekonomskih mjerila nego na viÅ”ekriterijalnoj analizi i analizi senzitivnosti viÅ”e ekonomskih mjerila uz puno poznavanje tržiÅ”ta i svih njegovih mehanizama
CLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND MONITORING OF PATIENTS WITH INVASIVE BREAST CANCER
Rak dojke najÄeÅ”Äa je maligna bolest u žena. Razvoj preventivnih mjera i dijagnostike i svih oblika lijeÄenja (kirurgije, radioterapije, kemoterapije, hormonske i ciljane bioloÅ”ke terapije) doveo je do produljenja preživljenja i poboljÅ”anja kvalitete života bolesnica. S ciljem optimalizacije i standardizacije lijeÄenja, a slijedeÄi smjernice medicine temeljene na dokazima, donosimo smjernice za dijagnostiku, lijeÄenje i praÄenje bolesnica s rakom dojke koje su rezultat rada multidisciplinarnog tima struÄnjaka.Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Preventive measures, early diagnosis and development of all treatment modalities (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal and targeted biologic therapy) led to improvement in survival and quality of life of the patient. In order to standardize and optimize the approach, following good clinical practice standards, we bring consensus guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of breast cancer patients as a result of consensus of a multidisciplinary team of experts for breast cancer
CLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND MONITORING OF PATIENTS WITH INVASIVE BREAST CANCER
Rak dojke najÄeÅ”Äa je maligna bolest u žena. Razvoj preventivnih mjera i dijagnostike i svih oblika lijeÄenja (kirurgije, radioterapije, kemoterapije, hormonske i ciljane bioloÅ”ke terapije) doveo je do produljenja preživljenja i poboljÅ”anja kvalitete života bolesnica. S ciljem optimalizacije i standardizacije lijeÄenja, a slijedeÄi smjernice medicine temeljene na dokazima, donosimo smjernice za dijagnostiku, lijeÄenje i praÄenje bolesnica s rakom dojke koje su rezultat rada multidisciplinarnog tima struÄnjaka.Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Preventive measures, early diagnosis and development of all treatment modalities (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal and targeted biologic therapy) led to improvement in survival and quality of life of the patient. In order to standardize and optimize the approach, following good clinical practice standards, we bring consensus guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of breast cancer patients as a result of consensus of a multidisciplinary team of experts for breast cancer
CLINICAL GUIDELINES FOR DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND MONITORING OF PATIENTS WITH INVASIVE BREAST CANCER ā CROATIAN ONCOLOGY SOCIETY
Rak dojke najÄeÅ”Äi je zloÄudni tumor u žena koji se može probirom, redovitim kontrolama i zdravstvenim odgojem otkriti u ranim stadijima bolesti i uspjeÅ”no lijeÄiti. Metode lijeÄenja ukljuÄuju kirurgiju, kemoterapiju, radioterapiju, hormonsku terapiju i ciljanu bioloÅ”ku terapiju ovisno o stadiju bolesti, bioloÅ”kim obilježjima tumora i opÄem stanju bolesnice. Odluku o lijeÄenju donosi multidisciplinarni tim. S obzirom na važnost ove bolesti, potrebno je definirati i provoditi standardizirani pristup u dijagnostici, lijeÄenju i praÄenju ovih bolesnica. U tekstu koji slijedi iznesene su kliniÄke smjernice s ciljem implementacije standardiziranih postupaka u radu s bolesnicama s rakom dojke u Republici Hrvatskoj.Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It can be diagnosed in early stage through screening, early detection and educational programs, and when diagnosed early it can be efficiently treated. Treatment modalities include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy and targeted biologic therapy, according to the stage of the disease and patient condition. Treatment decisions should be made after multidisciplinary team discussion. Due to the significance of this disease it is important to define and implement standardized approach for diagnostic, treatment and monitoring algorithm as well. The following text presents the clinical guidelines in order to standardize the procedures and criteria for diagnosis, management, treatment and monitoring of patients with breast cancer in the Republic of Croatia
KliniÄke upute za dijagnozu, lijeÄenje i praÄenje bolesnika oboljelih od invazivnog raka dojke [Clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of patients with invasive breast cancer]
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Preventive measures, early diagnosis and development of all treatment modalities (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal and targeted biologic therapy) led to improvement in survival and quality of life of the patient. In order to standardize and optimize the approach, following good clinical practice standards, we bring consensus guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of breast cancer patients as a result of consensus of a multidisciplinary team of experts for breast cancer
KliniÄke upute Hrvatskoga onkoloÅ”kog druÅ”tva za dijagnozu, lijeÄenje i praÄenje bolesnica/ka oboljelih od invazivnog raka dojke [Clinical guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of patients with invasive breast cancer - Croatian oncology society]
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. It can be diagnosed in early stage through screening, early detection and educational programs, and when diagnosed early it can be efficiently treated. Treatment modalities include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy and targeted biologic therapy, according to the stage of the disease and patient condition. Treatment decisions should be made after multidisciplinary team discussion. Due to the significance of this disease it is important to define and implement standardized approach for diagnostic, treatment and monitoring algorithm as well. The following text presents the clinical guidelines in order to standardize the procedures and criteria for diagnosis, management, treatment and monitoring of patients with breast cancer in the Republic of Croatia