An analytical model for bore-driven run-up

We use a hodograph transformation and a boundary integral method to derive a new analytical solution to the shallow-water equations describing bore-generated run-up on a plane beach. This analytical solution differs from the classical Shen-Meyer runup solution in giving significantly deeper and less asymmetric swash flows, and also by predicting the inception of a secondary bore in both the backwash and the uprush in long surf. We suggest that this solution provides a significantly improved model for flows including swash events and the run-up following breaking tsunamis

U-SAFT⁹⁰ simulates the internal and external loads of university-level soccer match play

Motion analysis has become more prevalent in contemporary soccer research, particularly within the elite sector. The study of motion-profiles can be used for identifying patterns in soccer match performance regarding both physical and technical elements. Deducing movement patterns and internal and external loading through in-depth study, it may then be possible to simulate competitive match-play specific to squad or individual needs. Modern technology allows match performance to be broken down into specific periods that subsequently enables the examination of work rate. Changes in work-rate may indicate fluctuations in performance which can also heighten the risk of injury and susceptibility to conceding to opponents. As a result, preparatory, conditioning and nutritional interventions can be employed directed towards sustaining performance levels.This thesis will firstly look at motion profiles of competitive soccer in an amateur population in order to quantify the internal and external physical demands and variation in work-rate compared to those previously scrutinised in elite soccer. The following experimental chapter utilises motion analysis data to create and validate a squad soccer-specific exercise protocol (SSEP) to use as a simulation of soccer match-play in both rehabilitation and laboratory settings.Motion analysis was determined with a 5Hz Global Positioning System to analyse total, high-intensity and sprint distance as well as producing mechanical ‘Accumulated Player Load’ values through an in-built accelerometer. This data was combined with concurrent heart rate data during matches to provide a measure of internal physiological load. Total distance was found to range between 7223-12158m, with an average of 9423m for the squad, declining 6% between halves (P 0.05).The findings in this thesis suggest patterns of physical demands in competitive amateur match play are similar to those of elite soccer, in terms of total, high-intensity and sprint distances but fall in the lower part of the range previously reported in motion-analysis studies. Changes in work-rate possibly due to fatigue are evident in motion profiles of amateur soccer players, similar to those observed in professionals. Furthermore heart rate analysis suggested cardiovascular strain is also high.Competitive amateur match-play can be simulated effectively with respect to inducing the same internal and external loads associated with a 90 minute soccer match. The implications of such findings are that the USAFT⁹⁰ can be used to simulate the locomotor, physiological and mechanical demands of amateur soccer matches in controlled environments. This may be useful for rehabilitation purposes and testing intervention strategies to gauge effect on performance. Future research should address positional differences and examine the effect of fatigue on work-rate in more detail for university-level soccer. This would accommodate individual and positional capabilities that were not simulated in USAFT⁹⁰

Ross, Stephanie and Larry Savage, eds. 2012. Rethinking the Politics of Labour in Canada.

Ross, Stephanie and Larry Savage, eds. 2012. Rethinking the Politics of Labour in Canada

Vatayanasana

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Targeted Killing and Just War: Reconciling Kill-Capture Missions, International Law, and the Combatant Civilian Framework

This paper addresses how kill-capture missions can be reconciled with the underlying principles of just war theory. Part I of this paper outlines the traditional just war combatant-civilian framework and the basic legal doctrines currently thought to apply to targeted killing. Part II advances a new conception of the traditional combatant-civilian framework that incorporates the third category of alternative belligerents by showing how groups such as al Qaeda are neither combatants nor non-combatants in the just war sense and thus compel the creation of a third conceptual category. Part III of the paper applies the new framework to the kill-capture mission scenario and its core tension between the duty to capture or kill while addressing concerns and weaknesses of the new framework before concluding

Microbial Characterization, Metabolomic Profiling, and Bile Acid Metabolism in Healthy Dogs and Dogs with Chronic Enteropathy

Chronic gastrointestinal disease in dogs can manifest itself in many different ways including vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss. Bile acid dysmetabolism has recently been recognized as an important component of chronic gastrointestinal disease (e.g., Crohn’s disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease) in humans. The aim of this research was to evaluate bile acid dysmetabolism in chronic enteropathy of dogs. An assay for the measurement of unconjugated fecal bile acids using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was developed. The assay was accurate and reproducible. The percent of unconjugated secondary bile acids were significantly decreased in dogs with chronic enteropathy (p=0.0161), with approximately 60% of dogs having bile acid dysmetabolism. The percent of unconjugated secondary bile acids significantly increased in patients with chronic enteropathy after steroid therapy (p=0.0183). The effect of cholestyramine, a bile acid sequestrant, was evaluated for the ability to alter the fecal bile acid pool in healthy dogs. The concentration of secondary bile acids significantly increased in feces of healthy dogs administered cholestyramine (p=0.0183). These results demonstrate that a subset of dogs with chronic enteropathy show fecal bile acid dysmetabolism, and further studies are warranted to evaluate the use of bile acid sequestrants in clinical cases

“In the Judge’s Heart:” Rethinking the Role of Empathy in the Supreme Court Nomination and Confirmation Process

This paper addresses President Obama’s standard of “empathy” as a qualification for potential nominees to the Supreme Court. The paper seeks to germinate answers to questions surrounding the meaning and purpose of empathy as a quality for Supreme Court Justices and ways empathy might be effectively promoted moving forward. Working within the narrow but recent line of scholarship on empathy this paper supports the position that empathy is both a desirable and necessary quality for nominees to the Court. However, the paper and research also suggests that empathy should not be the only major defining quality considered by the president in nominations to the Court. The paper first establishes that the Obama administration’s conception of empathy is clear, reasonable, and workable, but reviews the political considerations that seem to have stymied overtly embracing empathy as a consideration. The paper then shows that the role empathy might play for a particular justice once on the Court is uncertain, suggesting that perhaps empathy should not be the leading consideration advanced by the president in choosing a nominee. Overall, this paper reveals the arguments for why empathy is a meaningful and admirable quality and should remain a consideration. The paper also shows that for both policy and pragmatic political reasons empathy should probably not occupy the central public role initially insinuated by President Obama in the nomination of Sonia Sotomayor. In order to structure the argument the paper culls the nomination and confirmation records and testimonies of four current Justices purportedly nominated and confirmed to the Court because of the unique perspective they would bring as Justices: Clarence Thomas, appointed by George H. W. Bush; Ruth Bader Ginsburg, appointed by Bill Clinton; and Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan, both nominees of Barack Obama and by default arguably symbolic of his empathy standard. This paper was initially written for the course “Congress, the Constitution, and the Supreme Court” at University of Pennsylvania Law School while the author was a visiting student at Penn. The course was taught by former U.S. Senator Arlen Specter and former General Counsel to Senator Specter, Matthew Wiener. The views in the paper are the author’s own

“In the Judge’s Heart:” Rethinking the Role of Empathy in the Supreme Court Nomination and Confirmation Process

This paper addresses President Obama’s standard of “empathy” as a qualification for potential nominees to the Supreme Court. The paper seeks to germinate answers to questions surrounding the meaning and purpose of empathy as a quality for Supreme Court Justices and ways empathy might be effectively promoted moving forward. Working within the narrow but recent line of scholarship on empathy this paper supports the position that empathy is both a desirable and necessary quality for nominees to the Court. However, the paper and research also suggests that empathy should not be the only major defining quality considered by the president in nominations to the Court. The paper first establishes that the Obama administration’s conception of empathy is clear, reasonable, and workable, but reviews the political considerations that seem to have stymied overtly embracing empathy as a consideration. The paper then shows that the role empathy might play for a particular justice once on the Court is uncertain, suggesting that perhaps empathy should not be the leading consideration advanced by the president in choosing a nominee. Overall, this paper reveals the arguments for why empathy is a meaningful and admirable quality and should remain a consideration. The paper also shows that for both policy and pragmatic political reasons empathy should probably not occupy the central public role initially insinuated by President Obama in the nomination of Sonia Sotomayor. In order to structure the argument the paper culls the nomination and confirmation records and testimonies of four current Justices purportedly nominated and confirmed to the Court because of the unique perspective they would bring as Justices: Clarence Thomas, appointed by George H. W. Bush; Ruth Bader Ginsburg, appointed by Bill Clinton; and Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan, both nominees of Barack Obama and by default arguably symbolic of his empathy standard. This paper was initially written for the course “Congress, the Constitution, and the Supreme Court” at University of Pennsylvania Law School while the author was a visiting student at Penn. The course was taught by former U.S. Senator Arlen Specter and former General Counsel to Senator Specter, Matthew Wiener. The views in the paper are the author’s own