Main clause external constituents and the derivation of subject-initial verb Second

This paper discusses V3-patterns with a sentence-initial adverbial clause in Standard Dutch (StD) and West-Flemish (WF), which appear to violate the V2 restriction which normally regulates word order in these languages. V3-patterns occur in both languages; they can be interpreted as complying with the V2 constraint provided they are analyzed as the result of merging a regular root clause with V2 order with an extra-sentential adverbial clause. The paper shows that the distribution of V3-patterns is slightly wider in WF than in StD: StD requires that the root clause which combines with the extra-sentential constituent either exhibits subject-verb inversion (XP-V-S) or, in the case of subject initial V2 clauses, that the subject has a distinguished information-structural status such as contrastive focus/topic; WF allows V3-structures more freely, regardless of whether they display subject-verb inversion and regardless of the informational-structural status of the subject. The analysis takes as its point of departure the earlier claim that V2-languages can be symmetric in the sense that the finite verb always leaves the TP domain and occupies the highest head position in the root clause, the complementizer position C in the traditional generative analysis, or asymmetric in the sense that the position of the finite verb varies in that it occupies the C-position when the root clause exhibits subject-verb inversion or a lower TP internal tense position (T) in root clauses without inversion. The hypothesis is that V3-patterns with a sentence-initial adverbial clause are only possible if the initial adverbial clause attains a local relation with the finite verb, and that this requires the finite verb to be in the (higher) C-position. By assuming that StD is an asymmetric V2-language while WF is a symmetric V2-language the variation with respect to the distribution of V3-patterns in these languages can be captured

Expletives and speaker-related meaning

In our paper, we investigate a set of pronominal forms that have lost their referential meaning and might at first sight be analyzed as expletives. First, we discuss the case of Finnish, which, though a pro-drop language, displays an element \textit{sitä} with expletive function; and the case of Dominican Spanish, another pro-drop language which seems to have an expletive \textit{ello} but in which, unlike Finnish, the expletive conveys a speaker-related meaning. In addition, we also examine the case of Vietnamese, a radical pro-drop language which also seems to deploy an expletive \textit{nó} with discourse value, and the case of the Flemish element \textit{tet}, which has lost its referential value and also has a discourse function. From these data it emerges that independently of the satisfaction of formal EPP-requirements, some languages can employ expletive or expletive-like elements for discourse-related reasons in those contexts where regular expletives are required in languages like English. The data discussed here lead to a more complex picture of the nature of expletives and their function in the grammar

A two-dimensional model of a solid-state regenerator based on combined electrocaloric-elastocaloric effect

Abstract Solid-state refrigeration technologies are considered nowadays emerging alternative to vapor compression refrigeration. In this paper is introduced a two-dimensional model of solid-state refrigerator, which employs materials experiencing a combined electrocaloric-elastocaloric effect and it operates at room temperature. A numerical investigation is performed to explore the energetic performance of the refrigerators. The results reveal that PbTiO 3 as elastocaloric refrigerant confers the best performances in terms of COP; the highest cooling power estimated are proper of combined elastocaloric-electrocaloric effect, with increments around +65% than employing PbTiO 3 in single electrocaloric/elastocaloric refrigeration, on equal operative conditions

Refrigeration plant exergetic analysis varying the compressor capacity

The paper presents an exergetic analysis of a vapour compressor refrigeration plant when the refrigeration capacity is controlled by varying the compressor speed. The aim is performance evaluation of both the whole plant and its individual components. The analysis of the exergy flow destroyed in each device of the plant varying the compressor speed has been carried out in order to determine the relative irreversibility of the plant components. The vapour compression plant is subjected to a commercially available cold store. The compressor working with R22, R407C and R507 and designed for a revolution speed corresponding to 50 Hz supply current frequency, has been used varying the frequency in the range 30–50 Hz. In this range, the most suitable working fluids proposed as substitutes of R22, as R407C (R32/R125/R134a 23/25/52% in mass), R507 (R125/R143A 50/50% in mass) and R417A (R125/R134a/R600 46.6/50/3.4% in mass), have been tested. The variable-speed compressor is fitted with a pulse-width modulated source inverter (PWM) predominantly used in medium power applications due to its relatively low cost and high efficiency. The basic difference between variable speed refrigeration and conventional refrigeration systems is in the control of the system capacity at part-load conditions. The conventional refrigeration systems are characterized by compressor on/off cycles arising from by the thermostatic control. On the contrary when the inverter is used the capacity of the refrigeration system is matched to the load regulating the compressor motor speed. When the control of the compressor capacity is obtained by varying its speed there is an energy saving with respect to the thermostatic control. The best results of the exergetic analysis have been obtained using R22 followed by the non-azeotropic mixture designed as R407C that confirms, among the fluid candidates R22 substitution a better performance, shown also at the compressor nominal speed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

HFO1234ze as Drop-in Replacement for R134a in Domestic Refrigerators: An Environmental Impact Analysis

Abstract In this paper are reported the results of an experimental comparative analysis between R134a and HFO1234ze, when they are employed as refrigerants in a domestic refrigerator. Under sub-tropical conditions, it have been measured the energy consumptions in accordance with the UNI-EN-ISO15502. For each experiment it have been estimated both the TEWI and the Life Cycle Climate Performance indexes to assess the environmental impact due to HFO1234ze when used in place of R134a

Prediction is very hard, especially about conversion. Predicting user purchases from clickstream data in fashion e-commerce

Knowing if a user is a buyer vs window shopper solely based on clickstream data is of crucial importance for ecommerce platforms seeking to implement real-time accurate NBA (next best action) policies. However, due to the low frequency of conversion events and the noisiness of browsing data, classifying user sessions is very challenging. In this paper, we address the clickstream classification problem in the fashion industry and present three major contributions to the burgeoning field of AI in fashion: first, we collected, normalized and prepared a novel dataset of live shopping sessions from a major European e-commerce fashion website; second, we use the dataset to test in a controlled environment strong baselines and SOTA models from the literature; finally, we propose a new discriminative neural model that outperforms neural architectures recently proposed at Rakuten labs

La inclusión socioeducativa de personas con discapacidad desde el punto de vista humano y profesional / Socio-educational inclusion of people with disabilities from the human and professional point of view

En el presente ensayo, producto de una investigación cualitativa, descriptiva, y analítica, se pretende demostrar la importancia que tiene la inclusión educativa y los derechos de las personas con discapacidad, el espacio que se le debe brindar en la sociedad y el papel que como docente debe afrontarse. Ante los cambios en los modelos educativos, su objetivo debe estar enmarcado en la verdadera práctica del respeto hacia las personas por su simple condición de ser humano y como finalidad dar a conocer la necesidad de aplicar de manera integral la inclusión educativa y por consiguiente privilegiar la parte humana en los procesos educativos. El docente para tomar en consideración la inclusión, igualdad y equidad en su área de trabajo, debe tener conocimiento de la importancia del manejo adecuado de una serie de metodologías, estrategias, recursos e infraestructura relacionados con su estado de vulnerabilidad. La práctica inclusiva necesita de una sociedad donde no exista diferencia de ningún tipo, que las personas con discapacidad tengan las mismas oportunidades que los demás, para lograr sus metas y objetivos, esto permitiría su desarrollo personal y social. AbstractIn this paper, which is the result of a qualitative, descriptive and analytical research, it is aimed to demonstrate the importance of inclusive education and the rights of the disabled people, the space they should be offered in society and the role that teachers must face. Given the changes in educational models, their objectives should be framed in the real practice of respect towards people for their simple human condition and intended to publicize the need to apply in an integrated way the inclusive education and thus privileging human part in educational processes. Teachers must be aware of the importance of proper management of a number of methodologies and strategies related to disabled people and their state of vulnerability in order to consider the inclusion, equality and equity in their work area. Inclusive practice needs of a society where there is no difference whatsoever, that people with disabilities have the same opportunities as others to achieve their goals and objectives, this would allow their personal and social development